@Article{phyton.2018.87.079,
AUTHOR = {Rodrigues Costa A, PS Pereira, MK Alves de Sousa, FC Rodrigues, VR Duarte Mendes, KR Rodrigues Lima, L Marivando Barros, CM Rocha Sousa, MS Alcântara, AB Leite Cavalcante, R Cruz Macedo, JP Kamdem, AE Duarte},
TITLE = {Potential antioxidant and toxicological activity of the essential oil of <i>Rhaphiodon echinus</i> (Nees \& Mart) Schauer (Lamiaceae): morphoanatomy and polyphenolic composition of its extracts},
JOURNAL = {Phyton-International Journal of Experimental Botany},
VOLUME = {87},
YEAR = {2018},
NUMBER = {all},
PAGES = {79--86},
URL = {http://www.techscience.com/phyton/v87nall/33927},
ISSN = {1851-5657},
ABSTRACT = {The species <i>Rhaphiodon echinus</i>, known as betonica or
creeping mint, is considered an infesting plant species, typical of the
caatinga biome. Morphoanatomy is a very important tool to study the
structure of plants, both its external and internal morphology, opening
the knowledge about the production of secondary metabolites. These
compounds are of great importance for scientific research, which may
present themselves as the best antioxidants. Taking into account a lack
of data in the literature on the essential oil of <i>R. echinus</i>, this study
aimed to demonstrate its antioxidant activity and toxicity. In order
to test this hypothesis, tests were carried out by the DPPH method,
its toxicological activity on <i>Artemia salina</i> microcrustacean, as well as
studies involving cuts of plant anatomy of leaf structures of the species.
The vegetal material was collected at URCA and the essential oil was
obtained by hydrodistillation, in a type of <i>Clevenger</i>. The HPLC profile
of the extract revealed caffeic acid (62.45 mg/g), gallic acid (15.36
mg/g), Quercetin (9.02 mg/g) as the major compounds in the morning,
while quercetin (4.15 mg/g) and caffeic acid (2.03 mg/g) were
the major compounds in afternoon. DPPH (1,1-diphenyl-2-picrylhydrazyl)
free radical was used to assess the radical scavenging ability of
the oil. The results demonstrated that the oil exhibited IC<sub>50</sub> of 297.7
μg/mL in emulsions with ascorbic acid 73.07 μg/mL. The <i>A. salina</i>
lethality assay showed that the oil was toxic at concentrations above 50
μg/mL, with an LC<sub>50</sub> of 2.4 μg/mL compared to the positive control,
LC<sub>50</sub> was 11.50 μg/mL. Regarding the results of the research in Plant
Anatomy, some peculiarities for R. echinus are described. Up to date,
studies on the toxicity of this plant have not been published.},
DOI = {10.32604/phyton.2018.87.079}
}