@Article{phyton.2020.07554,
AUTHOR = {Paul Chege, Andrea Palágyi, Csaba Lantos, Erzsébet Kiss, János Pauk},
TITLE = {Improved Culture Media for Embryogenic Callus Generation in Sorghum [<i>Sorghum bicolor</i> (L.) Moench]},
JOURNAL = {Phyton-International Journal of Experimental Botany},
VOLUME = {89},
YEAR = {2020},
NUMBER = {1},
PAGES = {111--119},
URL = {http://www.techscience.com/phyton/v89n1/38404},
ISSN = {1851-5657},
ABSTRACT = {Many attempts on optimization of sorghum [<i>Sorghum bicolor</i> (L.) 
Moench] tissue culture induction media have been made, but the culture system 
remains with some bottlenecks compared to that of other crops. This study aimed 
at assessing the suitability of various induction media to produce embryogenic 
callus (yellow and friable) with high induction rates and reduced phenolic 
exudation. The six culture medium modifications: 3 based on Murashige and 
Skoog (MS) medium and one each based on Chu N6, Gamborg B5 and 190-2 
media respectively were applied in the culture of mature embryos from 10 
sorghum genotypes. Although there was a genotype influence on the attainment 
of a yellow callus, friability of the callus was determined to be dependent on the 
culture medium and not the genotype. Half strength MS medium with 0.2 mg/l
2,4-D with 2.8 g/l Gelrite® as the gelling agent modified with 1.0 g/l KH<sub>2</sub>PO<sub>4</sub>, 
1.0 g/l L-proline, 1.0 g/l L-asparagine and 0.16 mg/l CuSO<sub>4</sub>·5H<sub>2</sub>O (type E) was 
found to be the most effective resulting in about 60% yellow coloured callus 
induction with 25% friability. Addition of CuSO<sub>4</sub>·5H<sub>2</sub>O, KH<sub>2</sub>PO<sub>4</sub>, L-proline and 
L-asparagine significantly reduced the phenolic production. Half strength MS 
medium was observed to contribute to quality callus production when compared 
to full strength MS media modified with the compounds. The half strength MS 
medium was also observed to suppress phenolic production. Medium 190-2 
produced the highest regeneration frequency (40%) among the 3-regeneration 
media tested. The results provide information on a suitable sorghum callus 
induction medium necessary for embryogenesis.},
DOI = {10.32604/phyton.2020.07554}
}