TY  - EJOU
AU  - Arias-Rodríguez, Laura Isabel 
AU  - Rodríguez-Mendiola, Martha Alicia 
AU  - Arias-Castro, Carlos 
AU  - Miceli, Federico Antonio Gutiérrez 
AU  - Pérez, Diana Reséndez 
AU  - Hidalgo, María Celina Luján 
AU  - Maldonado, Juan José Villalobos 
AU  - Margalli, Norma Alejandra Mancilla 

TI  - Comparison of Apigenin, Quercetin and Kaempferol Accumulation and Total Flavonoid Content in Leaves, Embryogenic Cultures and Cell Suspension Cultures of Parsley (<i>Petroselinum crispum</i>)
T2  - Phyton-International Journal of Experimental Botany

PY  - 2023
VL  - 92
IS  - 10
SN  - 1851-5657

AB  - In recent years, there has been a growing interest in exploring alternative treatments for bone defects. Bone tissue
engineering has turned its attention to plant extracts containing osteogenic flavonoids as potential promoters of
bone regeneration. In our study, we specifically investigated the extract of <i>Petroselinum crispum</i>, a plant known
for its abundance of osteogenic flavonoids such as apigenin, quercetin, and kaempferol. Our objective was to compare the total flavonoid content (TFC) and their accumulation in different sources. We obtained hydrolyzed aqueous extracts from the leaves of parsley plants (grown for 12 weeks in the field), weekly embryogenic cultures, and
suspension cell cultures. The TFC, measured in mg quercetin equivalent per gram of dry weight (QE mg/g dw),
was found to be 53.81 ± 0.97 for 52 g dw of leaves (1 kg plant fw), 31.10 ± 1.52 for 420 g dw of embryogenic
cultures, and 11.80 ± 0.76 for 210 g dw of cell suspensions. Notably, only the leaves and embryogenic cultures
showed significant accumulation of osteogenic flavonoids, with apigenin levels of 1.8 ± 0.3 and 0.32 ±
0.02 mg/g dw, and kaempferol levels of 1.0 ± 0.18 and 0.2 ± 0.01 mg/g dw, respectively. Our findings indicate
that embryogenic cultures have the potential to produce up to 40% more apigenin in 12 weeks compared to
1 kg of parsley plant, thanks to their superior biomass reproductive competence. These results present a promising biotechnological approach for generating extracts enriched with bioactive compounds, which can be further
utilized in in vitro osteogenic testing.
KW  - Parsley (<i>Petroselinum crispum</i>) cultures; osteogenic flavonoids; bone regeneration; aqueous extracts

DO  - 10.32604/phyton.2023.030396