TY  - EJOU
AU  - Bamidele, Muyideen Olaitan 
AU  - Sandoval-Cortés, José 
AU  - Flores-López, María Liliana 
AU  - Pérez, Olga Berenice Álvarez 
AU  - González, Monica Lizeth Chavez 
AU  - Aguilar, Cristóbal Noe 

TI  - Bioactive Compounds Recovery from <i>Larrea tridentata</i> by Green Ultrasound-Assisted Extraction
T2  - Phyton-International Journal of Experimental Botany

PY  - 2024
VL  - 93
IS  - 11
SN  - 1851-5657

AB  - Postharvest losses remain a significant challenge, particularly in developing countries that have inadequate infrastructure. Medicinal plants offer an eco-friendly and sustainable solution for managing diseases and pests in agricultural systems. These plants are rich in bioactive compounds, such as alkaloids, flavonoids, terpenoids, phenolics, and essential oils, many of which have proven antimicrobial, antifungal, insecticidal, and antioxidant properties. These characteristics make medicinal plants viable candidates for postharvest disease and pest control. Among these, <i>Larrea tridentata</i> (creosote bush) is particularly notable for its bioactive compounds with strong antifungal properties. Their potential applications include agriculture, food preservation, and medicine. This study aimed to evaluate how different solvent mixtures affect the efficiency of ultrasound-assisted extraction, total polyphenol content, antioxidant capacity, and antifungal activity of <i>L. tridentata</i> leaves and stems. The findings revealed that the 60% ethanol ultrasound-assisted extract of <i>L. tridentata</i> leaves (ULL 60%) contained the highest concentration of bioactive compounds, including hydrolysable tannins (690.2 mg GAE/100 g) and condensed tannins (329.9 mg CE/100 g). All extracts demonstrated notable antioxidant activity in ABTS, DPPH, and FRAP assays, with ethanol-based extracts showing greater antioxidant potential than their aqueous counterparts. In terms of antifungal efficacy, 100% ethanol leaf extract exhibited the strongest inhibition against <i>Fusarium oxysporum</i> (60.03%), whereas 50% ethanol extract effectively inhibited <i>Alternaria alternata</i> (53.61%). Six major polyphenolic compounds were identified using reverse-phase high-performance liquid chromatography coupled with electrospray ionization mass spectrometry (RP-HPLC-ESI-MS). These include quercetin, luteolin, 3,4-dihydroxyphenylethanol, elenolic acid, nordihydroguaiaretic acid (NDGA), and kaempferide. These compounds are known to have antibacterial, antifungal and antioxidant properties. These findings underscore the potent fungistatic properties of <i>L. tridentata</i> leaf extracts against key phytopathogenic fungi, highlighting their potential as bioactive agents in the formulation of eco-friendly biopesticides.
KW  - Phytopathogens; bioactive compounds; desert plants; <i>Fusarium oxysporum</i>; <i>Alternaria alternata</i>

DO  - 10.32604/phyton.2024.058422