@Article{phyton.2025.060566,
AUTHOR = {Mengjie Xu, Anbin Wang, Tonghong Zuo, Hecui Zhang, Zhihao Hu, Liquan Zhu},
TITLE = {Genome-Wide Identification and Expression Analysis of Calmodulin-Like Proteins in Tobacco},
JOURNAL = {Phyton-International Journal of Experimental Botany},
VOLUME = {94},
YEAR = {2025},
NUMBER = {1},
PAGES = {157--179},
URL = {http://www.techscience.com/phyton/v94n1/59351},
ISSN = {1851-5657},
ABSTRACT = {Calmodulin-like (CMLs) proteins are critical in calcium signaling and essential for plant growth, development, and stress responses. In many species, the CMLs families have been identified and described. However, the characterization and expression profiling of <i>CMLs</i> genes in tobacco is retrievable. In this study, a comprehensive whole-genome identification and analysis, and 75 <i>NtCML</i> genes were identified in tobacco, each containing two to four EF-hand domains. Most NtCML proteins exhibited conserved gene structures and motifs. Notably, most NtCML proteins were intron-less and distributed across 18 chromosomes. Two pairs of tandemly duplicated genes and seven pairs of segmentally duplicated genes were identified within the tobacco genome. Furthermore, 22 pairs of orthologous <i>CMLs</i> genes were discovered between Arabidopsis and tobacco. Cis-acting element analysis revealed that elements associated with hormones, stress responses, and plant growth and development were found in the promoter regions. Expression analysis indicated that some <i>NtCML</i> genes displayed tissue-specific expression patterns. Specifically, <i>NtCML12</i>, <i>NtCML18</i>, <i>NtCML27</i>, and <i>NtCML28</i> showed significant upregulation during cold acclimation treatment. These results indicate that tobacco CMLs act as Ca<sup>2+</sup> signal transducers, regulating plant growth and abiotic stress responses.},
DOI = {10.32604/phyton.2025.060566}
}