TY  - EJOU
AU  - Bouzoubaa, Kenza 
AU  - Ezzouggari, Rachid 
AU  - Boutagayout, Abdellatif 
AU  - Lahlali, Rachid 

TI  - Combining Ammonium Molybdate with Antagonistic Bacteria for Effective Control of Brown Rot Disease
T2  - Phyton-International Journal of Experimental Botany

PY  - 2025
VL  - 94
IS  - 5
SN  - 1851-5657

AB  - This study investigates the compatibility and efficacy of combining ammonium molybdate (AM) with antagonistic bacteria <i>Bacillus amyloliquefaciens</i> B10W10 and <i>Pseudomonas</i> sp. B11W11 for brown rot control (<i>Monilinia laxa</i>). <i>In vitro</i> experiments reveal variable mycelial growth inhibition rates compared to untreated controls, with B11W11 + 0.5% AM and B10W10 + 2% AM displaying the highest inhibition rates after 5 days. After 10 days, the 2% AM + B10W10 combination exhibits the highest inhibition rate. Microscopic observations show structural alterations in mycelium within inhibition zones, marked by vacuolization. The antagonistic bacteria, alone or with different ammonium molybdate concentrations, significantly impact <i>M. laxa</i> spore germination, with the B10W10 cell filtrate + 2% ammonium molybdate combination achieving the most substantial inhibition. Conversely, the 0.5% ammonium molybdate treatment has the lowest inhibition rate while the combination of AM and bacteria is giving better results compared to the use of bacteria alone. Fruits treated with various antagonistic bacteria and ammonium molybdate combinations demonstrate a significant reduction in disease severity. The 0.5% AM + B10W10 combination exhibits the lowest severity. FT-IR spectra analysis identifies shifts in fungal biomass functional groups, with reduced lignin-related bands and increased phenols, lipids, polysaccharides, and carbohydrates. This highlights the structural modifications caused by the biological treatments. The study also evaluates the effects on fruit quality parameters. The 2% ammonium molybdate treatment yields the lowest weight loss. TSS levels are affected by salt concentration, while acid content remains consistent across treatments. All treatments influence fruit firmness compared to controls. These findings emphasize the potential of combining ammonium molybdate and antagonistic bacteria for effective brown rot control, highlighting their compatibility and effects on disease severity, fungal biomass, spore germination, and fruit quality.
KW  - Antagonist bacteria; <i>Monilinia laxa</i>; nectarine; ammonium molybdate; post-harvest; fruit quality; FTIR

DO  - 10.32604/phyton.2025.063517