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  • Open Access

    ARTICLE

    Behavior and preservation of an in vitro collection of European aspen in Spain

    M.T. MARTIN*, H.E. PEDRANZANI**, R. SIERRA DE GRADO

    BIOCELL, Vol.31, No.1, pp. 41-49, 2007, DOI:10.32604/biocell.2007.31.041

    Abstract An in vitro collection has been established with selected European aspen from Palencia province (Spain). Currently, this collection includes 32 high quality clones, selected for their good bearing and healthy state. Most of them belong to different discrete local populations.
    Populus tremula L. was propagated in proliferation Aspen Culture Medium; they required subculture every 3 months. The purpose of this study was, therefore, to select a medium which allows the maintenance of 32 clones for a period longer than 3 months without subculture and to observe the behavior of those clones in 15 different culture medium compositions. Seven… More >

  • Open Access

    ARTICLE

    Pollen morphology of Oxalis species from Buenos Aires province (Argentina)

    SONIA ROSENFELDT, BEATRIZ G. GALATI

    BIOCELL, Vol.31, No.1, pp. 13-21, 2007, DOI:10.32604/biocell.2007.31.013

    Abstract Pollen morphology and the degree of pollen variability within nine species and two varieties of Oxalis species from Buenos Aires Province (Argentina) were studied using light microscopy (LM), scanning electron microscopy (SEM) and transmission electron microscopy (TEM).
    Oxalis pollen grain is generally 3-colpate and the shape is prolate spheroidal, oblate spheroidal or spheroidal. The exine is microreticulate. The brochi are circular to polygonal; brochi sizes decrease near the colpi. The colpus membrane observed in unacetolysed material, is crustate or granular. The colpus length varies within a species; the largest grains are produced in stamens with long filaments More >

  • Open Access

    ABSTRACT

    Numerical Analysis of Composite Panels in the Post-Buckling Field taking into account Progressive Failure

    C. Bisagni1

    The International Conference on Computational & Experimental Engineering and Sciences, Vol.1, No.3, pp. 93-98, 2007, DOI:10.3970/icces.2007.001.093

    Abstract The research here presented shows the numerical results for progressive failure of stiffened composite panels into the post-buckling field. In particular, a strength reduction procedure is implemented in the commercial finite element code ABAQUS where the stiffness properties of the material are removed in the failed areas. The results show a good correlation with experimental data obtained from a post-buckling test of a stiffened panel with a notch, that can be found in literature. More >

  • Open Access

    ABSTRACT

    The Out-of-Plane Strain Measurement of Composite Sandwich Plate with Fully-Potted Insert Using Digital Phase-Shifting Shearography

    Song-Jeng Huang1, Yan-Fu Liu2

    The International Conference on Computational & Experimental Engineering and Sciences, Vol.4, No.3, pp. 187-194, 2007, DOI:10.3970/icces.2007.004.187

    Abstract A digital shearographic (DS) technique is a tool well-suited for precision strain measurement and is a nondestructive testing technology. But the fringe patterns of shearography are not so clear. A phase-shifting technique is incorporated into DS and demonstrated to yield fringe patterns with good quality. The major purpose of this study is to produce a measuring system of digital phase-shifting shearography (DPSS) to measure out-of-plan strain of sandwich plate with fully-potted insert. The system mainly includes piezoelectric transducer, servo controller, Michelson shearing mechanism, image processing system and loading system. The Macy algorithm is used for More >

  • Open Access

    ABSTRACT

    A four-node hybrid assumed-strain finite element for laminated composite plates

    A. Cazzani1, E. Garusi2, A. Tralli3, S.N. Atluri4

    The International Conference on Computational & Experimental Engineering and Sciences, Vol.4, No.2, pp. 93-122, 2007, DOI:10.3970/icces.2007.004.093

    Abstract Fibre-reinforced plates and shells are finding an increasing interest in engineering applications. Consequently, efficient and robust computational tools are required for the analysis of such structural models. As a matter of fact, a large amount of laminate finite elements have been developed and incorporated in most commercial codes for structural analysis. In this paper a new laminate hybrid assumed-strain plate element is derived within the framework of the First-order Shear Deformation Theory (i.e. assuming that particles of the plate originally lying along a straight line which is normal to the undeformed middle surface remain aligned… More >

  • Open Access

    ABSTRACT

    Deformational Behavior and Strength of Catheter Reinforced with Braids (Visco-elastic Response under Multi-axial Loading for Tension and Torsion)

    Y. Kato, Y. Yamamura

    The International Conference on Computational & Experimental Engineering and Sciences, Vol.4, No.2, pp. 87-92, 2007, DOI:10.3970/icces.2007.004.087

    Abstract The purpose of this study is to investigate the deformational behavior and strength of the catheter which is made from the soft nylon resin and is reinforced with thin stainless wires called braid. When we image the usage conditions of catheter in the actual surgical operation, it is expected that the multi-axial loading for tension, torsion and the bending are applied and deformations occurring in the catheter become very complicated. As the first step of this study to reveal these phenomena, the combined loadings for tension and torsion are chosen as the subject of this More >

  • Open Access

    ABSTRACT

    Boundary Point Method applied for calculating elastic strain and stress in bodies with cracks

    J. Bernal1, S. Kanaun2, V. Romero1

    The International Conference on Computational & Experimental Engineering and Sciences, Vol.3, No.4, pp. 189-194, 2007, DOI:10.3970/icces.2007.003.189

    Abstract A new numerical method for the solution of integral equations of the theory of elasticity for bodies with cracks is developed. The method is based on a class of Gaussian approximating functions that simplify essentially the construction of the final matrix of the linear algebraic system of the discretized problem. The results of the application of the method to some plane problems of elasticity were compared with the exact solutions and some other numerical solutions that exist in literature. More >

  • Open Access

    ABSTRACT

    H-matrix preconditioners for saddle-point systems from meshfree discretization 1

    Suely Oliveira2, Fang Yang2

    The International Conference on Computational & Experimental Engineering and Sciences, Vol.3, No.2, pp. 113-120, 2007, DOI:10.3970/icces.2007.003.113

    Abstract In this paper we describe and compare preconditioners for saddle-point systems obtained from meshfree discretizations, using the concepts of hierarchical (or H-)matrices. Previous work by the authors using this approach did not use H-matrix techniques throughout, as is done here. Comparison shows the method described here to be better than the author's previous method, an AMG method adapted to saddle point systems, and conventional iterative methods such as JOR. More >

  • Open Access

    ABSTRACT

    A Meshless Regularized Integral Equation Method (MRIEM) for Laplace Equation in Arbitrary Interior or Exterior Plane Domains

    Chein-Shan Liu1

    The International Conference on Computational & Experimental Engineering and Sciences, Vol.3, No.2, pp. 57-68, 2007, DOI:10.3970/icces.2007.003.057

    Abstract A new method is developed to solve the interior and exterior Dirichlet problems for the two-dimensional Laplace equation, namely the meshless regularized integral equation method (MRIEM), which consists of three parts: Fourier series expansion, the second kind Fredholm integral equation and an analytically regularized solution of the unknown boundary condition on an artificial circle. We find that the new method is powerful even for the problem with very complex boundary shape and with boundary noise. More >

  • Open Access

    ABSTRACT

    Computer Simulation of Grain Boundary Structures in Minerals

    B.B. Karki1, R. Kumar1

    The International Conference on Computational & Experimental Engineering and Sciences, Vol.3, No.1, pp. 35-42, 2007, DOI:10.3970/icces.2007.003.035

    Abstract We report important preliminary results from atomistic simulations of grain boundaries in minerals. The recently developed parallel PCMD (polycrystal molec-ular dynamics) program was used to perform structural optimization. In particular, we have simulated the {310}/[001] symmetric tilt grain boundary of MgO as a function of pressure. The simulation cell containing about 55,000 atoms was used. Visualization of the atomic position-time series data show that the structure changes dramatically on compression from a simple open-structure at zero pressure to a highly dense structure containing high coordination state and a screw-like dislocation at high pressure, consistent with More >

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