Wally Mahfouz¹, Gilles Karsenty², Jacques Corcos¹

Canadian Journal of Urology, Vol.18, No.4, pp. 5787-5795, 2011

Abstract Introduction: The first application of botulinum toxin type A (BoNT-A) in urology was its injection into the urinary sphincter to treat neurogenic detrusor-sphincter dyssynergia (DSD) in quadriplegic men. Since that first report by Dyskatra et al in 1988, the results of focal BTA injections into the sphincter, the bladder wall and lately into the prostate have raised the interest of the urology community in this promising new therapeutic modality. This is an evidence-based review of the current indications, techniques and outcomes of BTA injections into the urethral sphincter.
Materials and methods: The Medline database was searched for… More >

Nazila Yavari¹, Stefan Andersson-Engels², Ulrika Segersten¹, Per-Uno Malmstrom¹

Canadian Journal of Urology, Vol.18, No.4, pp. 5778-5786, 2011

Abstract Photodynamic therapy (PDT) is one of the most interesting methods of photo treatment. In general, PDT is a modality for the treatment of non-muscle invasive tumors. PDT is very well suited in managing bladder cancer, as the bladder is accessible by endoscopy and the tumors are most often limited to the mucosa or sub-mucosa. PDT is likely more useful for patients with recurrent tumors after conventional therapies, as well as for patients with diffuse non-muscle invasive bladder carcinomas that are refractory to standard treatments before the commitment to radical extirpative surgery, particularly in patients at More >

Canadian Journal of Urology, Vol.18, No.5, pp. 5952-5986, 2011

Abstract This article has no abstract. More >

Kevin C. Zorn, Daniel Liberman

Canadian Journal of Urology, Vol.18, No.5, pp. 5918-5926, 2011

Abstract Transurethral resection of the prostate (TURP) is the most common surgical intervention for benign prostatic hyperplasia (BPH), largely due to lower urinary tract symptoms refractory to medical therapy. TURP remains the gold standard for men with prostates sized 30g-80g, while open prostatectomy has been the preferred option for men with glands larger than 80g-100 g and those with other lower urinary tract anomalies such as large bladder stones or bladder diverticula. Unfortunately, these procedures have complications including bleeding (often requiring transfusion in 7%-13% of cases), electrolyte abnormalities (2% TURP syndrome), erectile dysfunction (6%-10%), and retrograde… More >

Michael Mastromichalis, Daniel Sackman, James F. Tycast, Micheal J. Chehval

Canadian Journal of Urology, Vol.18, No.5, pp. 5916-5917, 2011

Abstract Not uncommonly, hostile prison environments can lead desperate prisoners to place foreign materials into natural orifi ces in an effort to gain transfer to an outside healthcare facility. In this article, we present a case series of urethral foreign body insertion of varying burdens and durations requiring transfer to our facility for surgical management. Endoscopic retrieval was the initial management in each case; one case required conversion to open cystotomy for complete removal due the orientation, amount of inserted foreign body, and erosion into the proximal urethral and bladder urothelium. More >

Lee A. Richter^1,2, Michael Isaacson^1,2, Mohan Verghese², Jayashree Krishnan³

Canadian Journal of Urology, Vol.18, No.5, pp. 5911-5913, 2011

Abstract Malakoplakia involving the genitourinary tract is a rare infl ammatory disorder that presents a diagnostic challenge. Renal parenchymal involvement is particularly uncommon. We report a case of bilateral renal malakoplakia that presented with acute renal failure and simulated xanthogranulomatous pyelonephritis (XGP). The etiology, clinical course, and management of malakoplakia are reviewed, emphasizing the distinct characteristics of the disease that lead to its accurate diagnosis. More >

Petar Erdeljan¹, Mrinal Dhar², Geoff Wignall³, Roman Kozak⁴, Stephen E. Pautler^1,5

Canadian Journal of Urology, Vol.18, No.5, pp. 5903-5907, 2011

Abstract Introduction: Cryoablation (CA) and radiofrequency ablation (RFA) are nephron-sparing procedures that destroy renal tissue in situ rather than by surgical removal. Both thermal ablative techniques are recommended for select patients with small renal masses and multiple comorbidities that may preclude major surgery. Unfortunately, the long-term oncologic outcomes of these procedures remain unknown.
Materials and methods: We report oncologic outcomes following CA and RFA in patients with small renal masses from a single institution over a 48-month follow-up period. A total of 30 patients underwent thermal ablation for a small renal mass: 7 received RFA and 23 underwent CA.
… More >

Gina M. Badalato, Gregory Hruby, Mani Razmjoo, James M. McKiernan

Canadian Journal of Urology, Vol.18, No.5, pp. 5890-5895, 2011

Abstract Introduction: This study aimed to evaluate cancer-specific outcomes among patients who received perioperative mitomycin C (MMC) prior to induction BCG compared to those who received induction BCG alone.
Materials and methods: Between January 2000 and August 2010, 260 patients were identified who underwent a course of induction BCG with or without concomitant perioperative MMC. Specifically, patients who received 40 mg MMC following transurethral resection of all visible tumors, followed by an induction course of BCG, were compared to a similar cohort receiving induction BCG alone. The primary endpoints were overall survival and recurrence-free survival (RFS).
Results: A total… More >

Bob Djavan¹, Kathleen Nelson², Amir Kazzazi¹, Aron Bruhn¹, Helen Sadri¹, Alejandro Gomez-Pinillos³, Anna C. Ferrari³

Canadian Journal of Urology, Vol.18, No.5, pp. 5865-5874, 2011

Abstract Prostate cancer is a complex disease, and treatment selection is informed by numerous variables depending on the stage of disease. Moreover, patient expectations and the impact of treatment-related adverse events may infl uence treatment choices. Available treatment options over the course of the disease have included surgery, radiation therapy, hormonal therapy, immunotherapy, and chemotherapy. This complexity requires an understanding of a wide range of treatment options and the support of a multidisciplinary team that involves urologists, radiation oncologists, diagnostic radiologists, pathologists, and medical oncologists. Collaboration among these physicians allows for a comprehensive treatment strategy that… More >

Pamela Ellsworth

Canadian Journal of Urology, Vol.18, No.5, pp. 5864-5864, 2011

Abstract This article has no abstract. More >