Yassir M. Abbas^1,*, Ammar Babiker², Fouad Ismail Ismail³

CMES-Computer Modeling in Engineering & Sciences, Vol.145, No.3, pp. 3279-3307, 2025, DOI:10.32604/cmes.2025.074069 - 23 December 2025

Abstract Accurately predicting the compressive strength of recycled aggregate concrete (RAC) incorporating supplementary cementitious materials (SCMs) remains a critical challenge due to the heterogeneous nature of recycled aggregates (RA) and the complex interactions among multiple binder constituents. This study advances the field by developing the most extensive and rigorously preprocessed database to date, which comprises 1243 RAC mixtures containing silica fume, fly ash, and ground-granulated blast-furnace slag. A hybrid, domain-informed machine-learning framework was then proposed, coupling optimized Extreme Gradient Boosting (XGBoost) with civil engineering expertise to capture the complex chemical and microstructural mechanisms that govern RAC… More >

Damodharan Palaniappan¹, Tan Kuan Tak², K. Vijayan³, Balajee Maram⁴, Pravin R Kshirsagar⁵, Naim Ahmad^6,*

CMES-Computer Modeling in Engineering & Sciences, Vol.145, No.3, pp. 4107-4127, 2025, DOI:10.32604/cmes.2025.073387 - 23 December 2025

Abstract A phase-aware cross-modal framework is presented that synthesizes UWF_FA from non-invasive UWF_RI for diabetic retinopathy (DR) stratification. A curated cohort of 1198 patients (2915 UWF_RI and 17,854 UWF_FA images) with strict registration quality supports training across three angiographic phases (initial, mid, final). The generator is based on a modified pix2pixHD with an added Gradient Variance Loss to better preserve microvasculature, and is evaluated using MAE, PSNR, SSIM, and MS-SSIM on held-out pairs. Quantitatively, the mid phase achieves the lowest MAE (98.76 ± 42.67), while SSIM remains high across phases. Expert review shows substantial agreement (Cohen’s More >

Ana Hermosilla^1,2,*, Pedro Martinez-Julia³, Diego R. Lopez⁴, Antonio F. Skarmeta^1,2

CMES-Computer Modeling in Engineering & Sciences, Vol.145, No.3, pp. 4279-4316, 2025, DOI:10.32604/cmes.2025.072607 - 23 December 2025

Abstract In this study, we analyzed the processes involved in the resolution and enforcement of multi-domain network intent policies for intent-based networking (IBN). Previous studies on IBN analyzed the basis of the network intent resolution processes. These processes produce the artifacts required by network intent policy enforcement. Thus, we continued such studies with the inclusion of network intent policy enforcement in the analysis, for which we constructed a model that predicts the accuracy of a multi-domain network intent policy enforcement system. We validated the model by designing a new multi-domain network intent policy enforcement system, and… More >

Adnan Ashique^1,#, Khalid Masood², Usman Afzal¹, Mati Ur Rahman², Maddina Dinesh Kumar³, Sohaib Abdal³, Nehad Ali Shah^1,#,*

CMES-Computer Modeling in Engineering & Sciences, Vol.145, No.3, pp. 3627-3699, 2025, DOI:10.32604/cmes.2025.072523 - 23 December 2025

Abstract This study outlines a quantitative and data-driven study of the mixed convection heat transfer processes that concern Cu-water nanofluids in a Γ-shaped enclosure with one to five rotating cylinders. The dimensionless equations of mass, momentum, and energy are solved using the finite element method as implemented in the COMSOL Multiphysics 6.3 software in different rotating Reynolds numbers and cylinder geometries. An artificial Neural Network that is trained using Bayesian Regularization on data produced by the COMSOL is utilized to estimate the average Nusselt numbers. The analysis is conducted for a wide range of rotational… More >

S. I. Aziz, G. G. Ali^*

Chalcogenide Letters, Vol.22, No.3, pp. 239-253, 2025, DOI:10.15251/CL.2025.223.239

Abstract This work investigates the photodetector characteristics of lead and cadmium sulfide thin films deposited on porous silicon heterojunction at composites (x=0,0.25,0.5,0.75,1). The characteristics of all deposited samples were estimated by X-ray diffraction (XRD), highresolution scanning electron microscope (FESEM), Energy-dispersive X-ray (EDX), I-V measurements, and photodetector properties. PbS and CdS thin films have been successful, and photodetector properties on the porous silicon surface have performed well using the chemical spray method. An X-ray confirmed that the prepared samples have a crystalline phase structure. Besides, the results indicate that the PbS and CdS thin films have cubic… More >

C. B. Cui^a,b, G. C. Yang^b, Z. Zhang^a,, X. J. Wang^c,

Chalcogenide Letters, Vol.22, No.6, pp. 507-520, 2025, DOI:10.15251/CL.2025.226.507

Abstract This research introduces an innovative aptasensor for detecting alpha-fetoprotein with exceptional sensitivity and specificity, employing a novel MoS₂/Fe₃O₄ composite fabricated through an advanced in-situ growth methodology. The composite exhibited a hierarchical flower-like structure with uniformly distributed Fe3O4 nanoparticles, confirmed by SEM, XRD, and Raman spectroscopy. The MoS₂/Fe₃O₄ composite demonstrated a 66% increase in surface area (7.16 m^²/g) compared to pristine MoS2, enhancing aptamer immobilization and electron transfer efficiency. Electrochemical characterization revealed a significant increase in interfacial resistance upon AFP binding, with a detection limit of 0.3 pg/mL and a dual linear range of 0.001–0.1 ng/mL and 0.1–100 More >

Abd Rahman Wahid^*

Journal of Cyber Security, Vol.7, pp. 589-614, 2025, DOI:10.32604/jcs.2025.071622 - 11 December 2025

Abstract The rapid increase in cyber attacks requires accurate, adaptive, and interpretable detection and response mechanisms. Conventional security solutions remain fragmented, leaving gaps that attackers can exploit. This study introduces the HI-XDR (Hybrid Intelligent Extended Detection and Response) framework, which combines network-based Suricata rules and endpoint-based Wazuh rules into a unified dataset containing 45,705 entries encoded into 1058 features. A semantic-aware autoencoder-based anomaly detection module is trained and strengthened through adversarial learning using Projected Gradient Descent, achieving a minimum mean squared error of 0.0015 and detecting 458 anomaly rules at the 99th percentile threshold. A comparative… More >

Miah A. Robinson, Abdulghani M. Abdulghani, Mokhles M. Abdulghani, Khalid H. Abed^*

Journal on Artificial Intelligence, Vol.7, pp. 615-632, 2025, DOI:10.32604/jai.2025.073535 - 01 December 2025

Abstract Ensuring the safety of Artificial Intelligence (AI) is essential for providing dependable services, especially in various sectors such as the military, education, healthcare, and automotive industries. A highly effective method to boost the precision and performance of an AI agent involves multi-configuration training, followed by thorough evaluation in a specific setting to gauge performance outcomes. This research thoroughly investigates the design of three AI agents, each configured with a different number of hidden units. The first agent is equipped with 128 hidden units, the second with 256, and the third with 512, all utilizing the… More >

Ke Li¹, Bendong Liu¹, Yulong Han², Yafeng Zhang³, Chunqi Yang¹, Dawei Yin², Yazhou Zhang³, Wantao Ding^4,*

FDMP-Fluid Dynamics & Materials Processing, Vol.21, No.11, pp. 2779-2793, 2025, DOI:10.32604/fdmp.2025.072671 - 01 December 2025

Abstract Traditional cement-based slurries are often constrained by excessive cement consumption, prolonged setting times, and limited controllability, which hinder their broader engineering applications. To overcome these challenges, this study focuses on optimizing ordinary cement-based slurry through the incorporation of targeted additives and rational adjustment of mix proportions, with the aim of developing a rapid-setting, early-strength cementitious system. In particular, a series of comparative and orthogonal experiments were conducted to systematically examine the evolution of the slurry’s macroscopic properties. In addition, the response surface methodology (RSM) was introduced to reveal the interaction mechanisms among key parameters, thereby… More >

Kashif Ahmed Soomro^1,2,3,*, Rahool Rai^1,3,4, S. R. Qureshi², Sudhakar Kumarasamy^4,5,6, Abdul Hameed Memon¹, Rabiya Jamil¹

Energy Engineering, Vol.122, No.12, pp. 4857-4872, 2025, DOI:10.32604/ee.2025.069847 - 27 November 2025

Abstract Plate heat exchangers suffer from significant energy losses, which adversely affect the overall efficiency of thermal systems. To address this challenge, various heat transfer enhancement techniques have been investigated. Notably, the incorporation of surface corrugations is widely recognized as both effective and practical. Chevron corrugation is the most employed design. However, there remains a need to investigate alternative geometries that may offer superior performance. This study aims to find a novel corrugation design by conducting a comparative CFD analysis of flat, square, chevron, and cylindrical corrugated surfaces, assessing their impact on heat transfer enhancement within… More > Graphic Abstract