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  • Open Access

    COMMENTARY

    Placement of prophylactic midurethral sling at time of hysterectomy…are the potential associated problems worth the additional cost and risk?

    Stanley Zaslau

    Canadian Journal of Urology, Vol.19, No.5, pp. 6431-6431, 2012

    Abstract This article has no abstract. More >

  • Open Access

    ARTICLE

    Identification of Cavities in a Three-Dimensional Layer by Minimization of an Optimal Cost Functional Expansion

    A.E. Martínez-Castro1, I.H. Faris1, R. Gallego1

    CMES-Computer Modeling in Engineering & Sciences, Vol.87, No.3, pp. 177-206, 2012, DOI:10.3970/cmes.2012.087.177

    Abstract In this paper, the identification of hidden defects inside a three-dimen -sional layer is set as an Identification Inverse Problem. This problem is solved by minimizing a cost functional which is linearized with respect to the volume defects, leading to a procedure that requires only computations at the host domain free of defects. The cost functional is stated as the misfit between experimental and computed displacements and spherical and/or ellipsoidal cavities are the defects to locate. The identification of these cavities is based on the measured displacements at a set of points due to time-harmonic… More >

  • Open Access

    ABSTRACT

    Analysis Tools for Robust and Cost Efficient Design of Composite Structures

    Raimund Rolfes, Steffen Czichon, Benedikt Kriegesmann, Heiko Kruger, Matthias Vogler, Eelco Jansen

    The International Conference on Computational & Experimental Engineering and Sciences, Vol.16, No.3, pp. 69-70, 2011, DOI:10.3970/icces.2011.016.069

    Abstract Recent work carried out at the Institute of Structural Analysis of the Leibniz University Hannover in the field of composite materials and composite structures is presented. Analysis tools for composite materials and structures are under development, which enable a robust and cost efficient design. Three key areas for design and analysis of composite structures will be covered in the presentation, namely strength, stability, and fatigue analysis.
    Predicting the material properties of imperfect composite structures with manufacturing defects such as waviness defects or porosities is still an open challenge. Several analytical approaches exist to determine the… More >

  • Open Access

    ARTICLE

    Developing a continence care centre using an urban/academic model of continence care

    Lynn Stothers, Derek Wilkie, Pat Lieblich, Penny Wilson

    Canadian Journal of Urology, Vol.15, No.3, pp. 4084-4090, 2008

    Abstract Background: This paper describes the process of adopting the Canadian Continence Foundation's urban/academic model of continence care in the development of British Columbia's Bladder Care Centre, using a process that can serve as a model for other jurisdictions across Canada and internationally.
    Method: A multidisciplinary Working Group assessed the existing system, analyzed local and national statistics, and reviewed the literature on urinary incontinence and models of health care. Following approval from university and hospital authorities, continence services were reorganized including changing infrastructure, altering the location of multidisciplinary services and restructuring of funding and resource allocation. The process… More >

  • Open Access

    ABSTRACT

    Physiological Cost Optimization for Bipedal Modeling with Optimal Controller Design

    A. M. Mughal1, K. Iqbal2

    The International Conference on Computational & Experimental Engineering and Sciences, Vol.6, No.4, pp. 215-220, 2008, DOI:10.3970/icces.2008.006.215

    Abstract Human voluntary movements are complex physical phenomenon and there are several physiological factors that control the movement and transient response, steady state position, speed of motion and other characteristics. Many experimentalists described variety of variables important for human balance and movement such as center of mass, center of pressure, ground reaction forces etc. In this study, we discuss a bipedal model for biomechanical sit to stand movement with optimal controller design. The cost optimization for gain scheduling is based upon physiological variables of center of mass, head position, and ground reaction forces. Our simulation results More >

  • Open Access

    ARTICLE

    A Parameter Free Cost Function for Multi-Point Low Speed Airfoil Design

    G. Veble1,2,3

    CMES-Computer Modeling in Engineering & Sciences, Vol.36, No.3, pp. 243-260, 2008, DOI:10.3970/cmes.2008.036.243

    Abstract A simple cost function is proposed that depends on the inviscid pressure distribution around an airfoil and that, when minimized, results in airfoils that promote laminar flow. Additional constraints specify the design point of the airfoil. The method allows for straightforward inclusion of multiple design points. The resulting airfoils are quantitatively similar to those already successfully used in practice. More >

  • Open Access

    ARTICLE

    Effects of prenatal stress on male offspring sexual maturity

    NANCY RODRÍGUEZ, NORA MAYER, HÉCTOR F. GAUNA

    BIOCELL, Vol.31, No.1, pp. 67-74, 2007, DOI:10.32604/biocell.2007.31.067

    Abstract Prenatal stimulations have been shown to have long-term effects on at reproductive activity. We evaluated the influence of the prenatal stress on the hypothalamic-pituitary-gonad (HPG) axis in male offsprings from mothers with high number of offsprings per litter (HNL) and low number of offsprings per litter (LNL) after hypothesizing that the number of offsprings per litter may modify the effect of the prenatal stress on the HPG of adult offsprings. Pregnant Wistar rats were used for this study. Immobilization (IMO) stress was used, 30 min, 3 times per week, from the 5th to 21st day… More >

  • Open Access

    ABSTRACT

    Comparison of Fabrication Cost of Composite Bipolar Plates Made by Compression Molding and by Machining

    H.S. Lee1, W.S. Chu1, Y.C. Kang1, H.J. Kang1, S.H. Ahn2

    The International Conference on Computational & Experimental Engineering and Sciences, Vol.4, No.3, pp. 195-200, 2007, DOI:10.3970/icces.2007.004.195

    Abstract The fuel cell is one of promising environment-friendly energy sources for the next generation. The bipolar plate is a major component of the Proton Exchange Membrane (PEM) fuel cell stack, and it takes a large portion of stack volume, weight and cost. In this study, as alternative materials for bipolar plate of PEM fuel cells, graphite composites were fabricated by compression molding and by machining. Graphite particles mixed with epoxy resin were used as the main substance to provide electric conductivity. Flow channels were fabricated by compression molding applying design of experiments (DOE) in order More >

  • Open Access

    ARTICLE

    The changing costs of radiation treatment for early prostate cancer in Ontario: a comparison between conventional and conformal external beam radiotherapy

    Ian Poon1, Melania Pintilie2, Mark Potvin3, Tom McGowan4

    Canadian Journal of Urology, Vol.11, No.1, pp. 2125-2132, 2004

    Abstract Purpose: Prostate cancer represents a large part of the workload for radiation oncology departments in Canada. Recent evidence suggests that conformal external beam radiotherapy improves results. The planning and treatment process for conformal patients requires a greater amount of resources that are in short supply in Ontario. An understanding of these differences is important to provide an accurate estimate of future radiation needs of the province. These differences can be quantified in a cost model that portrays the direct costs of delivering external beam radiotherapy in Ontario. With a developed cost model, a prospective direct cost… More >

  • Open Access

    ARTICLE

    An economic evaluation of doxazosin, finasteride and combination therapy in the treatment of benign prostatic hyperplasia

    Heather McDonald1, Margaret Hux1, Marc Brisson2, Lisa Bernard1, J. Curtis Nickel3

    Canadian Journal of Urology, Vol.11, No.4, pp. 2327-2340, 2004

    Abstract Objective: The Proscar Long-Term Efficacy and Safety Study (PLESS) and the Medical Therapy of Prostatic Symptoms (MTOPS) study provide new evidence regarding the benefits of finasteride in the treatment of benign prostatic hyperplasia (BPH). The objective of this study was to utilize data from the PLESS and MTOPS studies to assess the cost-utility of finasteride and finasteride in combination with doxazosin, compared to doxazosin alone in men with moderate to severe BPH symptoms.
    Methods: A semi-Markov decision analytic model was constructed to estimate the clinical consequences, costs and cost-utility of doxazosin, finasteride, and combination therapy. Analyses were… More >

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