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  • Open Access

    ARTICLE

    Vegetation response to a controlled fire in the Phytogeographical Province of the Monte, Argentina

    Peláez1 DV, HD Giorgetti2, OA Montenegro2, OR Elia3, GD Rodríguez2, RM Bóo1,*, MD Mayor4,*,*, CA Busso3

    Phyton-International Journal of Experimental Botany, Vol.79, pp. 169-176, 2010, DOI:10.32604/phyton.2010.79.169

    Abstract Fire is a major ecological process within most terrestrial ecosystems. Therefore, understanding the vegetation response to fire is essential to its management. Our objective was to study the effect of a controlled fire, conducted at the end of summer season, on cover and density of the most common woody and herbaceous species in Phytogeographical Province of the Monte, Argentina. In general, after the control fire, the woody species mean percentage cover was significantly lower (p<0.05) in the fire treatment than in the control (no controlled fire). This effect was persistent during the study period. No significant differences (p>0.05) were detected… More >

  • Open Access

    ARTICLE

    The influence of controlled fires on a plant community in the south of the Caldenal, and its relationship with a regional state and transition model

    Tizón1 FR, DV Peláez1,2,3, OR Elía1,2

    Phyton-International Journal of Experimental Botany, Vol.79, pp. 141-146, 2010, DOI:10.32604/phyton.2010.79.141

    Abstract Fire plays a fundamental role in the structure of vegetation communities in the Caldenal. However, this effect has decreased considerably since the introduction of domestic cattle, which reduces the amount of fine combustible material. Objectives of this study were (1) to analyze the diversity and composition of a typical vegetation community in the south of the Caldenal after exposure to different fire frequencies, and (2) to show the convenience of using controlled fire for reversing the processes of scrub formation to states with more diverse and productive grassland communities. Forty-five herbaceous and woody species were recorded. Treatment C (control) showed… More >

  • Open Access

    ARTICLE

    Effect of post-fire defoliation on growth of two native grasses in the Caldenal, Argentina

    Peláez1 DV, RM Bóo2, MD Mayor3, OR Elia4, SA Martínez5

    Phyton-International Journal of Experimental Botany, Vol.78, pp. 17-24, 2009, DOI:10.32604/phyton.2009.78.017

    Abstract Plant growth in semiarid rangelands may be affected by time grazing is excluded during the post-fire regeneration period. The objective of this field work was to study the effect of post-fire defoliation at different phenological stages [vegetative (early-season defoliation) and internode elongation (late-season defoliation)] on growth of Piptochaetium napostaense and Poa ligularis, two very important perennial native grasses in the temperate semi-arid region of central Argentina (Caldenal). In general, the post-fire defoliation treatments did not affect the number of green leaves on tillers of P. napostaense. Early-season post-fire defoliation generally reduced the number of green leaves on tillers of… More >

  • Open Access

    ARTICLE

    Vegetation response to fire and roller-chopping in the south-west of Buenos Aires, Argentina

    Peláez DV1, HD Giorgetti2, OA Montenegro2, OR Elia3, GD Rodríguez2, FR Blazquez3, RJ Andrioli3

    Phyton-International Journal of Experimental Botany, Vol.86, pp. 325-331, 2017, DOI:10.32604/phyton.2017.86.325

    Abstract The objective of this work was to study the effect of a controlled fire and/or roller-chopping on foliar cover and density of the most conspicuous woody and forage perennial grass species in the south of the Phytogeographical Province of the Monte, Argentina. All control treatments reduced the woody species mean percentage cover. This reduction persisted during the whole study period. Nevertheless, the woody species tended to recover their percentage cover towards the end of study. At the end of the study period, significant differences (P<0.05) were only detected between the control and controlled burn plus roller-chopping treatment. No significant differences… More >

  • Open Access

    ARTICLE

    Root traits and arbuscular mycorrhiza on perennial grasses exposed to defoliation after a controlled burning

    Ithurrart LS1,2, CA Busso1,2, YA Torres1,3, DV Peláez1,2,3, H Giorgetti4, G Rodríguez4, ML Ambrosino2,5

    Phyton-International Journal of Experimental Botany, Vol.87, pp. 51-59, 2018, DOI:10.32604/phyton.2018.87.051

    Abstract Plant competition for soil resources is common in semiarid rangelands. Plants have various, alternative mechanisms to deal with soil resource acquisition. They include (1) length, weight and proliferation of roots, (2) root length density, and (3) root colonization by arbuscular mycorrhiza. In rangelands of Argentina, plants are exposed to herbivory after natural fires. As a result, knowledge on how these disturbances impact root traits is important for outlining guidelines focused on rangeland management and improvement. Our aim was to analyze the effects of defoliation after a controlled burning on root traits (1) to (3) on two preferred (Poa ligularis and… More >

  • Open Access

    ABSTRACT

    Behaviour and Modelling of All-Steel Beam and Composite Steel Beam-Column Joints under Fire Conditions

    Kang-Hai TAN

    The International Conference on Computational & Experimental Engineering and Sciences, Vol.20, No.3, pp. 73-74, 2011, DOI:10.3970/icces.2011.020.073

    Abstract This paper presents the behaviour and modelling of two experimental programmes, viz. one on typical extended end-plate steel beam-to-column (conventionally deemed as "fully rigid" joints) and another on composite steel beam- to-column (conventionally deemed as ßemi-rigid" joints) under fire conditions. The first programme comprised three beam-column cruciform joints tested at isothermal temperature of 400C, 550C and 700C, and another three specimens at 700C but subjected to different axial restraints. The second programme consisted of six ambient temperature tests (as control specimens) and eight elevated-temperature tests on composite top-and-seat-and-web (TSW) angle joints under vertical loading. It should be noted that the… More >

  • Open Access

    ABSTRACT

    A Study on Nonlinear Structural Analysis of Offshore Structures subject to Elevated Temperature due to Fire

    Jeong Hwan Kim, Du Chan Kim, Ju Hye Park, Bong Ju Kim, Jung Kwan Seo, Jeom Kee Paik, Satya N. Atluri

    The International Conference on Computational & Experimental Engineering and Sciences, Vol.19, No.2, pp. 63-64, 2011, DOI:10.3970/icces.2011.019.063

    Abstract In offshore structures, fire is one of the most important hazardous events. This has been proved by several disasters such as Piper Alpha and Deepwater Horizon accidents. The concern of fires has recently been reflected in rules and quantified risk assessment based design practice. Within the framework of quantified risk assessment and management for offshore installations, therefore, more refined computations of consequences or hazardous action effects due to fire is required.
    The aim of the present study is to examine the technologies involved in computations of nonlinear structural analysis of offshore structures subject to temperature due to fire. It… More >

  • Open Access

    ABSTRACT

    Fire Safety Analysis of Plastic Steel frames

    ZHANG Rong-gang1, 2,*, ZHANG Hong-tao3, BAI Yu-xing3, GAO Jian-ling3, ZHANG Lai-yong2, XU Bing-ye1

    The International Conference on Computational & Experimental Engineering and Sciences, Vol.18, No.1, pp. 17-18, 2011, DOI:10.3970/icces.2011.018.017

    Abstract Based on the upper bound theorem, the fire resistance is studied using the combination of element collapse mechanisms of steel frames, where the element collapse mechanisms are automatically determined from independent mechanisms. The fire limit load is calculated by solving a nonlinear mathematical programming. The computing procedure is programmed by FORTRAN language. Results show that this method is useful to find the collapse mechanism with the lowest fire limit load, which can provide a theoretical and practical way for the fire design of steel frame structure. More >

  • Open Access

    ABSTRACT

    Estimation of the residual stiffness of fire-damaged concrete members

    Zhu Jianming, Wang XiChun, Wei Dong, Liu Yinghua, XU Bingye

    The International Conference on Computational & Experimental Engineering and Sciences, Vol.17, No.1, pp. 21-22, 2011, DOI:10.3970/icces.2011.017.021

    Abstract The residual stiffness of concrete member after fire is a very important parameter of the load-bearing ability and seismic performance of fire-damaged concrete structures. It is also one of the most important criteria for repairing and reinforcing the fire-damaged concrete structures. Based on the equivalent elastic modulus method, improved segment model method and parameter inversion method developed in this paper, the residual stiffness of concrete members exposed to standard fire is calculated and the effects of fire duration, steel ratio and section size on the stiffness are also presented in detail. The results show that these three methods can easily… More >

  • Open Access

    ABSTRACT

    Finite element analysis on fire resistance of collar plate reinforced CHS T-joints

    CHEN Cheng, SHAO Yongbo, YANG Jie

    The International Conference on Computational & Experimental Engineering and Sciences, Vol.16, No.4, pp. 117-118, 2011, DOI:10.3970/icces.2011.016.117

    Abstract A group of finite element models, reinforced circular hollow section (CHS) T-joints, are established to investigate the fire resistance compared with the un-reinforced by using finite element program ABAQUS in this paper. Sequentially coupled thermal-stress analysis is used to simulate the process of tubular T-joint under different loading levels in the condition of fire. The heat properties of the steel use the specified values in Eurocode 3. The fire resistance performance of collar plate reinforce CHS T-joints and the un-reinforced models are studied under different loading levels. The applied loads are 20%, 40%, 60% and 80% of the static strength… More >

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