Gary W. Bong, Thomas E. Keane

Canadian Journal of Urology, Vol.14, Suppl.6, pp. 2-9, 2007

Abstract Despite excellent success rates with radical prostatectomy and radiotherapy for the treatment of prostate cancer, a significant number of patients will experience a rise in their serum prostate specific antigen (PSA) level. A variety of salvage options in this scenario have been investigated and the choice to pursue surveillance, single therapy or combination therapy depends on clinical assessment of risk and location of tumor recurrence. After radical prostatectomy, for example, patients with low risk local disease may not require secondary therapy or may benefit from salvage radiotherapy. Those with higher risk disease, based on PSA More >

K. C. Hayes, K. Bassett-Spiers, R. Das, K. D. Ethans, C. Kagan, J. L. K. Kramer, T. Linsenmeyer, K. N. Moore, H. Razvi, G. Reid, J. S. Walter, J. W. L. Wilson

Canadian Journal of Urology, Vol.14, No.1, pp. 3416-3423, 2007

Abstract Objective: A multidisciplinary panel of experts from Canada and the United States was convened by the Ontario Neurotrauma Foundation (ONF) to establish research priorities in the area of urological care following spinal cord injury (SCI).
Design: The panel reviewed a synthesis of published literature in five areas of urology, identified emerging opportunities in the private and public sector, and used a modified Delphi approach to reach consensus on priorities for funding.
Results: The panel recommendations included: clinical trials of the safety and efficacy of M3 receptor specific anti-muscarinic agents for bladder hyperactivity in SCI patients; development and… More >

Eric Berthelet¹, Tom Pickles², Pauline T. Truong¹, Mitchell Liu³, Howard H. Pai¹, Winkle B. Kwan³, Jan T.W. Lim¹

Canadian Journal of Urology, Vol.14, No.4, pp. 3621-3627, 2007

Abstract Purpose: To evaluate the optimal duration of androgen deprivation therapy (ADT) in patients with prostate cancer treated with external beam radiotherapy (EBRT), who present with PSA levels >20 ng/mL.
Materials and methods: A total of 307 patients presenting with a PSA >20 ng/ml were treated with EBRT and ADT. The cohort was divided into four groups according to the duration of ADT: Group 1 received <6 months (n=71), group 2 received 6-12 months (n=80), group 3 received 12-24 months (n=72), and group 4 received >24 months (n=84) of ADT. The endpoints analyzed were biochemical control (bNED), overall… More >

George Rodrigues^1,2, Michael Lock¹, David D’Souza¹

Canadian Journal of Urology, Vol.14, No.4, pp. 3608-3615, 2007

Abstract The use of radiation therapy in the radical treatment of prostate cancer can lead to potential acute and long-term toxicity and health-related quality-of-life (HRQoL) changes. Ongoing investigation into dose-escalation, dose-per-fraction escalation, new radiation treatment technology/ paradigms, and novel systemic therapy may have either positive and/or negative effects on normal tissue toxicity/ HRQoL. Herein, common toxicity scales and HRQoL instruments that attempt to describe the deleterious effects of prostate radiation therapy are reviewed. More >

WALTER MANUCHA

BIOCELL, Vol.31, No.1, pp. 1-12, 2007, DOI:10.32604/biocell.2007.31.001

Abstract Congenital obstructive nephropathy is the primary cause of end-stage renal disease in children. Rapid diagnosis and initiation of the treatment are vital to preserve function and/or to slow down renal injury. Obstructive uropathy effects -decline in the plasmatic renal flow and glomerular filtration rate, interstitial infiltrate of leukocytes, significant decrease of the urine concentration, loss of the capacity to concentrate urine as well as fibrosis and apoptosis- are a consequence of a variety of factors that work in complex ways and are still not fully understood. Mediators as angiotensin II, transforming growth factor-β (TGF-β) and… More >

Tom Pickles¹, Alan Pollack²

Canadian Journal of Urology, Vol.13, Suppl.2, pp. 68-71, 2006

Abstract Patients with intermediate-risk prostate cancer have a significant risk of biochemical failure after treatment with external beam radiation therapy. Two strategies to improve outcomes are radiation dose escalation and androgen deprivation therapy (ADT). This article discusses the evidence in favor of dose escalation.
The case for radiation dose escalation has been established by several randomized studies, which show improved biochemical control (bNED) rates. Although late toxicity was also increased, it remains at clinically acceptable levels. The use of more focal methods of radiation, such as proton therapy and intensity modulated radiation therapy (IMRT), allows safe dose More >

Joseph L. Chin, Jonathan I. Izawa

Canadian Journal of Urology, Vol.13, Suppl.2, pp. 48-51, 2006

Abstract Radiotherapy, both external beam and more recently, interstitial, have been therapeutic options for localized prostate cancer. Management of patients who have failed of local radiotherapy remains a challenge. Herein the current therapeutic options are reviewed. More >

Michael Lock¹, Charles Catton²

Canadian Journal of Urology, Vol.13, Suppl.2, pp. 34-36, 2006

Abstract In January 2006, physicians with an interest in urologic cancers met to discuss patient care at the 4th Annual Current Problems in Urology Conference. A portion of the meeting was focused on technical issues in prostate cancer radiotherapy. This portion of the meeting sought to answer the questions: where are we going? And how can we get there? Work performed at the Princess Margaret Hospital (PMH) and the London Regional Cancer Program (LRCP) served as the basis for discussion and to present examples of options for implementation of new techniques. The response to the first… More >

Peter W. M. Chung, Michael A.S. Jewett, Padraig R. Warde

Canadian Journal of Urology, Vol.13, No.1, pp. 2975-2977, 2006

Abstract Orchiectomy is the standard of care for patients with a second primary testicular tumor. We report a case of a man, with previous history of stage I left testicular germ cell tumor, who developed a contralateral seminoma and desired preservation of the remaining testis. Partial orchiectomy was not feasible due to tumor size and percutaneous needle biopsy revealed classical seminoma. He was treated with radiotherapy to the testis. Post treatment biopsy revealed no evidence of disease. At 32 months follow-up, he has not required androgen replacement. He has preservation of total testosterone level and libido. More >

Kavitha Passaperuma¹, Robert Ash², Varugar Venkatesan², George Rodrigues², Eric Winquist³

Canadian Journal of Urology, Vol.13, No.2, pp. 3009-3015, 2006

Abstract Objective: Consolidative radiotherapy has improved local control in other tumors with high local recurrence rates but has not been well studied in urothelial cancer. We hypothesized that pelvic chemoradiotherapy (PCRT) given after systemic chemotherapy for metastatic bladder cancer (MTCC) might alter the pattern of disease recurrence, and reduce the complications and morbidity of intrapelvic disease relapse. A 74% locoregional relapse rate has been observed in MTCC patients with intrapelvic nodal disease after response to chemotherapy. To explore this hypothesis further, we performed a retrospective analysis and report the efficacy, toxicity and pattern of failure with this… More >