Mohamed Hammad^1,2,*, Mohammed ElAffendi¹, Souham Meshoul^3,*

CMES-Computer Modeling in Engineering & Sciences, Vol.145, No.1, pp. 1055-1086, 2025, DOI:10.32604/cmes.2025.072650 - 30 October 2025

Abstract Skin cancer is among the most common malignancies worldwide, but its mortality burden is largely driven by aggressive subtypes such as melanoma, with outcomes varying across regions and healthcare settings. These variations emphasize the importance of reliable diagnostic technologies that support clinicians in detecting skin malignancies with higher accuracy. Traditional diagnostic methods often rely on subjective visual assessments, which can lead to misdiagnosis. This study addresses these challenges by developing HybridFusionNet, a novel model that integrates Convolutional Neural Networks (CNN) with 1D feature extraction techniques to enhance diagnostic accuracy. Utilizing two extensive datasets, BCN20000 and… More >

Azhar Iqbal Kashif Butt^1,*, Tariq Ismaeel^2,*, Sara Khan², Muhammad Imran³, Waheed Ahmad², Ismail Abdulrashid⁴, Muhammad Sajid Riaz⁵

CMES-Computer Modeling in Engineering & Sciences, Vol.144, No.3, pp. 3463-3492, 2025, DOI:10.32604/cmes.2025.069277 - 30 September 2025

Abstract Malaria is a significant global health challenge. This devastating disease continues to affect millions, especially in tropical regions. It is caused by Plasmodium parasites transmitted by female Anopheles mosquitoes. This study introduces a nonlinear mathematical model for examining the transmission dynamics of malaria, incorporating both human and mosquito populations. We aim to identify the key factors driving the endemic spread of malaria, determine feasible solutions, and provide insights that lead to the development of effective prevention and management strategies. We derive the basic reproductive number employing the next-generation matrix approach and identify the disease-free and… More >

Almustafa Abd Elkader Ayek¹, Bilel Zerouali^2,*, Ankur Srivastava³, Mohannad Ali Loho^4,5, Nadjem Bailek^6,7, Celso Augusto Guimarães Santos^8,9

Revue Internationale de Géomatique, Vol.34, pp. 669-689, 2025, DOI:10.32604/rig.2025.067137 - 19 August 2025

Abstract This study investigates the spatial and temporal dynamics of key air pollutants—nitrogen dioxide (NO₂), carbon monoxide (CO), methane (CH₄), formaldehyde (HCHO), and the ultraviolet aerosol index (UVAI)—over the period 2019–2024. Utilizing high-resolution remote sensing data from the Sentinel-5 Precursor satellite and its TROPOspheric Monitoring Instrument (TROPOMI) processed via Google Earth Engine (GEE), pollutant concentrations were analyzed, with spatial visualizations produced using ArcGIS Pro. The results reveal that urban and industrial hotspots—notably in Damascus, Aleppo, Homs, and Hama—exhibit elevated NO₂ and CO levels, strongly correlated with population density, traffic, and industrial emissions. Temporal trends indicate significant pollutant fluctuations More > Graphic Abstract

Abdelhakim Lahrech¹, Tahar Tayebi², Mohamed Kallel^3,*, Mehdi Hashemi-Tilehnoee^4,*, Ali J. Chamkha⁵

CMES-Computer Modeling in Engineering & Sciences, Vol.144, No.1, pp. 359-385, 2025, DOI:10.32604/cmes.2025.067099 - 31 July 2025

Abstract The study considers numerical findings regarding magneto-thermosolutal-aided natural convective flow of alumina/water-based nanofluid filled in a non-Darcian porous horizontal concentric annulus. Two equations are assumed to evaluate the thermal fields in the porous medium under Local Thermal Non-Equilibrium (LTNE) conditions, along with the Darcy-Brinkman-Forchheimer model for the flow. By imposing distinct and constant temperatures and concentrations on both internal and external cylinders, thermosolutal natural convection is induced in the annulus. We apply the finite volume method to solve the dimensionless governing equations numerically. The thermal conductivity and viscosity of the nanofluid mixture are determined utilizing… More >

Umer Farooq¹, Nabil Kerdid^2,*, Yasir Nawaz³, Muhammad Shoaib Arif ⁴

CMES-Computer Modeling in Engineering & Sciences, Vol.144, No.1, pp. 873-898, 2025, DOI:10.32604/cmes.2025.066800 - 31 July 2025

Abstract In this study, we proposed a numerical technique for solving time-dependent partial differential equations that arise in the electro-osmotic flow of Carreau fluid across a stationary plate based on a modified exponential integrator. The scheme is comprised of two explicit stages. One is the exponential integrator type stage, and the second is the Runge-Kutta type stage. The spatial-dependent terms are discretized using the compact technique. The compact scheme can achieve fourth or sixth-order spatial accuracy, while the proposed scheme attains second-order temporal accuracy. Also, a mathematical model for the electro-osmotic flow of Carreau fluid over… More >

Kun Lan¹, Feiyang Gao¹, Xiaoliang Jiang^1,*, Jianzhen Cheng^2,*, Simon Fong³

CMC-Computers, Materials & Continua, Vol.84, No.3, pp. 4805-4824, 2025, DOI:10.32604/cmc.2025.065864 - 30 July 2025

Abstract With the continuous development of artificial intelligence and machine learning techniques, there have been effective methods supporting the work of dermatologist in the field of skin cancer detection. However, object significant challenges have been presented in accurately segmenting melanomas in dermoscopic images due to the objects that could interfere human observations, such as bubbles and scales. To address these challenges, we propose a dual U-Net network framework for skin melanoma segmentation. In our proposed architecture, we introduce several innovative components that aim to enhance the performance and capabilities of the traditional U-Net. First, we establish… More >

Nu Ri Song^1,#, Seo Yeon Shin^1,#, Ki Min Kim¹, Sa Rang Choi¹, Doo Sang Park², Sun Oh Kim³, Dai Hyun Jung⁴, Kyung Mok Park^1,*

BIOCELL, Vol.49, No.7, pp. 1291-1310, 2025, DOI:10.32604/biocell.2025.065467 - 25 July 2025

Abstract Objectives: Limosilactobacillus reuteri is a beneficial Lactobacillus widely used in foods and supplements to promote overall health. Some studies also suggest it supports skin health and prevents allergies and cardiovascular disease. However, research on its skin-protective effects against photoaging has not been conducted. This study evaluated the potential of culture broths from three L. reuteri strains (DS0333, DS0384, and DS0385) to inhibit skin photoaging. Methods: To assess their anti-photoaging potential, the culture broths were examined for antioxidant capacity, melanin inhibition, and collagen synthesis promotion. Radical scavenging activity was tested using 2,2-diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl (DPPH) and 2,2^′-azino-bis (3-ethylbenzothiazoline-6-sulfonic acid) (ABTS) assays.… More > Graphic Abstract

Li Ling^*, Danhao Song, Qianlong Hu, Zihao Xiang, Zeyu Zhang

Energy Engineering, Vol.122, No.8, pp. 3309-3328, 2025, DOI:10.32604/ee.2025.065824 - 24 July 2025

Abstract Rack-level loop thermosyphons have been widely adopted as a solution to data centers’ growing energy demands. While numerous studies have highlighted the heat transfer performance and energy-saving benefits of this system, its economic feasibility, water usage effectiveness (WUE), and carbon usage effectiveness (CUE) remain underexplored. This study introduces a comprehensive evaluation index designed to assess the applicability of the rack-level loop thermosyphon system across various computing hub nodes. The air wet bulb temperature T_a,w was identified as the most significant factor influencing the variability in the combination of PUE, CUE, and WUE values. The results indicate… More >

Siti Ramadhani^1,2, Lestari Handayani², Theam Foo Ng³, Sumayyah Dzulkifly¹, Roziana Ariffin^4,5, Haldi Budiman⁶, Shir Li Wang^1,7,*

CMES-Computer Modeling in Engineering & Sciences, Vol.143, No.3, pp. 2711-2765, 2025, DOI:10.32604/cmes.2025.062709 - 30 June 2025

Abstract In recent years, feature selection (FS) optimization of high-dimensional gene expression data has become one of the most promising approaches for cancer prediction and classification. This work reviews FS and classification methods that utilize evolutionary algorithms (EAs) for gene expression profiles in cancer or medical applications based on research motivations, challenges, and recommendations. Relevant studies were retrieved from four major academic databases–IEEE, Scopus, Springer, and ScienceDirect–using the keywords ‘cancer classification’, ‘optimization’, ‘FS’, and ‘gene expression profile’. A total of 67 papers were finally selected with key advancements identified as follows: (1) The majority of papers… More > Graphic Abstract

Wencheng Wang^1,2,*, Baoxin Yin^1,2, Lei Li^2,*, Lun Li¹, Hongtao Liu¹

CMES-Computer Modeling in Engineering & Sciences, Vol.143, No.2, pp. 1595-1616, 2025, DOI:10.32604/cmes.2025.063595 - 30 May 2025

Abstract In low-light environments, captured images often exhibit issues such as insufficient clarity and detail loss, which significantly degrade the accuracy of subsequent target recognition tasks. To tackle these challenges, this study presents a novel low-light image enhancement algorithm that leverages virtual hazy image generation through dehazing models based on statistical analysis. The proposed algorithm initiates the enhancement process by transforming the low-light image into a virtual hazy image, followed by image segmentation using a quadtree method. To improve the accuracy and robustness of atmospheric light estimation, the algorithm incorporates a genetic algorithm to optimize the… More >