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  • Open Access

    ARTICLE

    A Comparative Study of Phase Changing Characteristics of Granular Phase Change Materials Using DSC and T-History Methods

    Mohamed Rady1, Eric Arquis2

    FDMP-Fluid Dynamics & Materials Processing, Vol.6, No.2, pp. 137-152, 2010, DOI:10.3970/fdmp.2010.006.137

    Abstract In the present article, differential scanning calorimetry (DSC) and a modified T-history method have been used to study the phase changing behavior of granular composites. Further modifications and improvements of the two methods are employed to handle granular materials undergoing phase change over a temperature range. A simple procedure has been advised to obtain accurate results from the DSC measurements based on the estimation of the thermal resistance between the sample and its enclosure. The concept of enthalpy and its relationship with temperature has been employed in the T-history analysis to obtain enthalpy-temperature and apparent More >

  • Open Access

    ARTICLE

    Dynamic Properties of Cortical Bone Tissue: Izod Tests and Numerical Study

    Adel A. Abdel-Wahab1, Angelo Maligno1, Vadim V. Silberschmidt1

    CMC-Computers, Materials & Continua, Vol.19, No.3, pp. 217-238, 2010, DOI:10.3970/cmc.2010.019.217

    Abstract Bone is the principal structural component of a skeleton: it assists the load-bearing framework of a living body. Structural integrity of this component is important; understanding of its mechanical behaviour up to failure is necessary for prevention and diagnostic of trauma. In dynamic events such as traumatic falls, involvement in car crash and sports injuries, bone can be exposed to loads exceeding its structural strength and/or fracture toughness. By developing adequate numerical models to predict and describe its deformation and fracture behaviour up to fracture, a detailed study of reasons for, and ways to prevent… More >

  • Open Access

    ARTICLE

    Numerical Study of PVB Laminated Windshield Cracking Upon Human Head Impact

    Jun Xu1,2, Yibing Li1, Xi Chen2,3, Yuan Yan2,3, Dongyun Ge4,1, Bohan Liu1

    CMC-Computers, Materials & Continua, Vol.18, No.2, pp. 183-212, 2010, DOI:10.3970/cmc.2010.018.183

    Abstract The crack pattern in a PVB laminated windshield upon head impact is of considerable interest because it contains important information on energy mitigation, pedestrian protection, and accident reconstruction. We carry out a systematic numerical study based on the extended finite element method (XFEM), to investigate the effects of various material and system variables, including the impact speed, effective head mass, PVB interlayer material thickness and property, windshield curvature, aspect ratio and size, boundary constraint, impact angle and off-center impact, on the parameters characterizing the resulting crack pattern, i.e. the crack length, crack angle and circumferential More >

  • Open Access

    ARTICLE

    Molecular Dynamics Study of Dynamic Responses of Glassy Silica under Shock Impact

    Luming Shen1

    CMC-Computers, Materials & Continua, Vol.15, No.3, pp. 241-260, 2010, DOI:10.3970/cmc.2010.015.241

    Abstract In this study, molecular dynamics (MD) simulations are performed to form glassy silica from meltedb-cristobalite using cooling rates of 2, 20 and 200 K/ps. The resulting glassy silica samples are then shocked at particle velocities ranging from 0.3 to 11 km/s in the MD simulations. The effect of the cooling rate on the shock wave velocity is observed for particle velocities below 2 km/s. Moreover, the simulated pressure and density of the shocked glassy silica increase as the cooling rate increases. As compared with the experimental data, the MD simulation can approximately identify the initiation More >

  • Open Access

    ARTICLE

    Impact of pituitary FSH purification on in vitro early folliculogenesis in goats

    D.M. MAGALHÃES1*, V.R. ARAÚJO1, I.B. LIMA-VERDE1, M.H.T. MATOS1, R.C. SILVA2, C.M. LUCCI2, S.N. BÁO2, C.C. CAMPELLO1, J.R. FIGUEIREDO1

    BIOCELL, Vol.33, No.2, pp. 91-97, 2009, DOI:10.32604/biocell.2009.33.091

    Abstract Porcine pituitary follicle stimulating hormone (pFSH) is known to regulate the production of growth factors that have an essential role in early foliculogenesis. However, the effects of different preparations of pFSH on the survival and development of caprine follicles are not yet known. The aim of this study was to evaluate the effects of different pFSH (Stimufol® and Folltropin®) on the in vitro survival and growth of caprine preantral follicles. Pieces of caprine ovarian tissues were cultured for either one or seven days in a supplemented Minimum Essential Medium, alone or containing either Stimufol® (50 ng/mL) or Folltropin®More >

  • Open Access

    ARTICLE

    Immunohistochemistry of GluR1 subunits of AMPA receptors of rat cerebellar nerve cells

    ORLANDO J. CASTEJÓN1*, MICHAEL E. DAILEY2

    BIOCELL, Vol.33, No.2, pp. 71-80, 2009, DOI:10.32604/biocell.2009.33.071

    Abstract The localization of GluR1 subunits of ionotropic glutamate receptors in the glial cells and inhibitory neurons of cerebellar cortex and their association with the climbing and parallel fibers, and basket cell axons were studied. Samples of P14 and P21 rat cerebellar cortex were exposed to a specific antibody against GluR1 subunit(s) of AMPA receptors and were examined with confocal laser scanning microscopy. GluR1 strong immunoreactivity was confined to Purkinje cell and the molecular layer. Weak GluR1 immunoreactivity was observed surrounding some Golgi cells in the granule cell layer. Intense GluR1 immunoreactivity was localized around Purkinje,… More >

  • Open Access

    ARTICLE

    Sclerotinia sclerotiorum infecting cultivated and invasive plants in the southern Pampas and northern Patagonia, Argentina

    Delhey R1, M Kiehr1, MI Allievi1, J Lusto2, S Frayssinet1, B Sidoti Hartmann3, I Kröger1, PJ Paoloni4, D Zappacosta1, A Servera3

    Phyton-International Journal of Experimental Botany, Vol.78, pp. 111-115, 2009, DOI:10.32604/phyton.2009.78.111

    Abstract A report is given on plant hosts, distribution, damage and importance of Sclerotinia sclerotiorum in the southern Pampas region and northern Patagonia (Argentina). Spontaneous infections were recorded on 25 plant species, including oil crops, vegetables, and ornamental and invasive plants. Carduus thoermeri, Xanthium cavanillesii, Marrubium vulgare and Ranunculus repens are new hosts of S. sclerotiorum. The records on Helianthus tuberosus, Diplotaxis tenuifolia and Cucurbita pepo are new to Argentina. Sclerotinia sclerotiorum causes important damage on Helianthus annuus, Glycine max, Apium graveolens, Foeniculum vulgare and Lactuca sativa. S. sclerotiorum is also reported on Daucus carota, Petroselinum crispum, Brassica oleracea, B. rapa ssp. pekinensis, Cucumis melo, Cucurbita maxima, Cucurbita moschata, Cucurbita pepo, Phaseolus vulgaris, More >

  • Open Access

    ABSTRACT

    The structure of BaZrO$_3$: a comparative first-principles study

    AnteBilić1

    The International Conference on Computational & Experimental Engineering and Sciences, Vol.13, No.1, pp. 13-14, 2009, DOI:10.3970/icces.2009.013.013

    Abstract Using several popular first-principles packages for materials modeling the nature of the cubic lattice of barium zirconate has been investigated. The evaluated vibrational spectra typically exhibit an extended and prominent dynamical instability. The instability manifests through imaginary frequency optical modes along the whole R-M edge of the Brillouin zone. The experimentally observed simple cubic structure is found to be dynamically unstable against an antiferro-distortive transformation. The computations predict an orthorhombic crystal structure of the material, only slightly distorted from the cubic lattice, with an eight times larger unit cell and alternate ZrO6 octahedra slightly rotated in More >

  • Open Access

    ABSTRACT

    Characterization of impact resistance of lightweight aggregate cellular concretes (LACC)

    Eun A Hwang1, Haeng-Ki Lee1, Jong Won Kwark2, Jung Woo Lee2

    The International Conference on Computational & Experimental Engineering and Sciences, Vol.12, No.1, pp. 11-12, 2009, DOI:10.3970/icces.2009.012.011

    Abstract Concrete structures such as concrete safety barriers are often subjected to direct impact loads mainly due to vehicle crash impact. In this case, the impact resistance is one of the most critical characteristic of concrete used in such structures. The present study aims to characterize the impact resistance of lightweight aggregate cellular concrete (LACC), which will be used in concrete barriers. Impact tests on LACC specimens were carried out based on the repeated drop-weight impact test guideline recommend by ACI committee 544. Impact resistance and compressive strength of the LACC specimens were characterized and the More >

  • Open Access

    ABSTRACT

    Image registration procedure used in intrasubject comparison of pelvic configuration

    P. Ruzicka1, P. Bendova1, S. Konvickova1

    The International Conference on Computational & Experimental Engineering and Sciences, Vol.10, No.3, pp. 91-96, 2009, DOI:10.3970/icces.2009.010.091

    Abstract The objective of the study was to prove magnetic resonance imaging as suitable instrument for exploring the nature and amplitude of displacements within the bony pelvis induced by asymmetrically altered pelvic floor muscle characteristics. Repeated MR imaging of 14 females was performed. Spatial coordinates of 23 pelvic landmarks were localized in each subject and registered by interactive and automatic procedures. Modalities of registration procedure were tested and compared by the precision of registration. The software tool was developed to perform registrations and data analyses including individual registration error evaluation. The automatic registration with vertebra L5 More >

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