Hongliang Ding, Xin Wang^*, Lei Song, Yuan Hu

Journal of Renewable Materials, Vol.10, No.4, pp. 871-895, 2022, DOI:10.32604/jrm.2022.018150 - 02 November 2021

Abstract Benzoxazines have attracted wide attention from academics all over the world because of their unique properties. However, most of the production and preparation of benzoxazine resins depends on petroleum resources now, especially bisphenol A-based benzoxazine. Therefore, owing to the environmental impacts, the development of bio-based benzoxazines is gaining more and more interest to substitute petroleum-based benzoxazines. Similar to petroleum-based benzoxazines, most of bio-based benzoxazines suffer from flammability. Thus, it is necessary to endow bio-based benzoxazines with outstanding flame retardancy. The purpose of this review is to summarize the latest advance in flame retardant bio-based benzoxazines. More > Graphic Abstract

K. M. Delphin Raj¹, Sun-Ho Yum¹, Jinyoung Lee², Eunbi Ko³, Soo-Yong Shin², Soo-Hyun Park^3,*

CMC-Computers, Materials & Continua, Vol.70, No.3, pp. 5721-5743, 2022, DOI:10.32604/cmc.2022.020870 - 11 October 2021

Abstract For the past few decades, the internet of underwater things (IoUT) obtained a lot of attention in mobile aquatic applications such as oceanography, diver network monitoring, unmanned underwater exploration, underwater surveillance, location tracking system, etc. Most of the IoUT applications rely on acoustic medium. The current IoUT applications face difficulty in delivering a reliable communication system due to the various technical limitations of IoUT environment such as low data rate, attenuation, limited bandwidth, limited battery, limited memory, connectivity problem, etc. One of the significant applications of IoUT include monitoring underwater diver networks. In order to… More >

R. Gopi^1,*, P. Muthusamy², P. Suresh³, C. G. Gabriel Santhosh Kumar⁴, Irina V. Pustokhina⁵, Denis A. Pustokhin⁶, K. Shankar⁷

CMC-Computers, Materials & Continua, Vol.70, No.3, pp. 4883-4896, 2022, DOI:10.32604/cmc.2022.019442 - 11 October 2021

Abstract Smart City Healthcare (SHC²) system is applied in monitoring the patient at home while it is also expected to react to their needs in a timely manner. The system also concedes the freedom of a patient. IoT is a part of this system and it helps in providing care to the patients. IoT-based healthcare devices are trustworthy since it almost certainly recognizes the potential intensifications at very early stage and alerts the patients and medical experts to such an extent that they are provided with immediate care. Existing methodologies exhibit few shortcomings in terms of computational… More >

K. Prabhu^1,*, S. SathishKumar², M. Sivachitra³, S. Dineshkumar², P. Sathiyabama⁴

Computer Systems Science and Engineering, Vol.41, No.1, pp. 415-426, 2022, DOI:10.32604/csse.2022.019749 - 08 October 2021

Abstract Facial Expression Recognition (FER) has been an interesting area of research in places where there is human-computer interaction. Human psychology, emotions and behaviors can be analyzed in FER. Classifiers used in FER have been perfect on normal faces but have been found to be constrained in occluded faces. Recently, Deep Learning Techniques (DLT) have gained popularity in applications of real-world problems including recognition of human emotions. The human face reflects emotional states and human intentions. An expression is the most natural and powerful way of communicating non-verbally. Systems which form communications between the two are More >

MAURA BENEDETTI, MARIA ELISA GIULIANI, MARICA MEZZELANI, ALESSANDRO NARDI, LUCIA PITTURA, STEFANIA GORBI, FRANCESCO REGOLI

BIOCELL, Vol.46, No.1, pp. 37-49, 2022, DOI:10.32604/biocell.2022.017507 - 28 September 2021

Abstract Oxidative stress is a critical condition derived from the imbalance between the generation of reactive oxygen species and the sophisticated network of antioxidant mechanisms. Several pollutants and environmental factors can affect this system through connected mechanisms, indirect relationships, and cascade effects from pre-transcriptional to catalytic level, by either enhancing intracellular ROS formation or impairing antioxidant defenses. This review summarizes the current knowledge on the pro-oxidant challenges from emerging environmental stressors threatening marine organisms, such as pharmaceuticals, microplastics and climate-related ocean changes. Emphasis will be placed on oxidative pathways, including signaling proteins and transcription factors involved More >

Yecheng Xu¹, Chaojie Xu¹, Mingsong Chen¹, Jianzhang Li¹, Ling Zeng², Jing Luo³, Qiang Gao^1,*, Sheldon Q. Shi^4,*

Journal of Renewable Materials, Vol.10, No.3, pp. 639-652, 2022, DOI:10.32604/jrm.2022.018509 - 28 September 2021

Abstract Soy protein-based composite film is a potential replacement for petroleum-based film with multipurpose applications and cleaner production. It is difficult to improve both the tensile strength and toughness of a protein-based film without sacrificing its elongation. In this study, inspired by the hierarchical structure of nacre, a facile yet delicate strategy was developed to fabricate a novel bio-based film with excellent toughness and high strength. Triglycidylamine (TGA) crosslinked soy protein (SPI) as hard phase and thermoplastic polyurethane elastomer (TPU) as soft phase comprise an alternative lay-up hierarchical structure. The interface of these two phases is More >

Wided Ben Daoud¹, Sami Mahfoudhi^2,*

CMC-Computers, Materials & Continua, Vol.70, No.2, pp. 2727-2742, 2022, DOI:10.32604/cmc.2022.020141 - 27 September 2021

Abstract The Internet of Thing IoT paradigm has emerged in numerous domains and it has achieved an exponential progress. Nevertheless, alongside this advancement, IoT networks are facing an ever-increasing rate of security risks because of the continuous and rapid changes in network environments. In order to overcome these security challenges, the fog system has delivered a powerful environment that provides additional resources for a more improved data security. However, because of the emerging of various breaches, several attacks are ceaselessly emerging in IoT and Fog environment. Consequently, the new emerging applications in IoT-Fog environment still require… More >

Trinh Tan Dat¹, Le Tran Anh Dang^1,2, Nguyen Nhat Truong^1,2, Pham Cung Le Thien Vu¹, Vu Ngoc Thanh Sang¹, Pham Thi Vuong¹, Pham The Bao^1,*

Computer Systems Science and Engineering, Vol.40, No.2, pp. 539-555, 2022, DOI:10.32604/csse.2022.019064 - 09 September 2021

Abstract This paper proposes an enhancement of an automatic text recognition system for extracting information from the front side of the Vietnamese citizen identity (CID) card. First, we apply Mask-RCNN to segment and align the CID card from the background. Next, we present two approaches to detect the CID card’s text lines using traditional image processing techniques compared to the EAST detector. Finally, we introduce a new end-to-end Convolutional Recurrent Neural Network (CRNN) model based on a combination of Connectionist Temporal Classification (CTC) and attention mechanism for Vietnamese text recognition by jointly train the CTC and… More >

Wejdan Wasel Aljaghthami^*, Mohammad Haseeb Zafar, Afraa Zuhair Attiah

CMC-Computers, Materials & Continua, Vol.70, No.1, pp. 1111-1126, 2022, DOI:10.32604/cmc.2022.019912 - 07 September 2021

Abstract The accelerated development of wireless network technology has resulted in the emergence of Wireless Body Area Network (WBAN), which is a technology commonly used in the medical field. WBAN consists of tiny sensor nodes that interconnect with each other and set in the human body to collect and transmit the patient data to the physician, to monitor the patients remotely. These nodes typically have limited battery energy that led to a shortage of network lifetime. Therefore, energy efficiency is considered one of the most demanding challenges in routing design for WBAN. Many proposed routing mechanisms… More >

Eugene Tan, Yung-Wey Chong^*, Mohammed F. R. Anbar

CMC-Computers, Materials & Continua, Vol.70, No.1, pp. 1437-1459, 2022, DOI:10.32604/cmc.2022.019516 - 07 September 2021

Abstract Software-defined networking (SDN) is a paradigm shift in modern networking. However, centralised controller architecture in SDN imposed flow setup overhead issue as the control plane handles all flows regardless of size and priority. Existing frameworks strictly reduce control plane overhead and it does not focus on rule placement of the flows itself. Furthermore, existing frameworks do not focus on managing elephant flows like RTSP. Thus, the proposed mechanism will use the flow statistics gathering method such as random packet sampling to determine elephant flow and microflow via a pre-defined threshold. This mechanism will ensure that the… More >