Reshma S. Phillips¹, Cyril O. Enwonwu^1,2, William A. Falkler¹

European Cytokine Network, Vol.16, No.1, pp. 70-77, 2005

Abstract Fresh noma is a severe orofacial necrosis with an astonishingly rapid development. It is seen mainly in malnourished children less than 4 years old from developing countries. Cytokines play a central role in oral mucosal inflammation. We therefore studied the relevance of circulating cytokines to noma, and the key microorganisms associated with the lesion. Nigerian village children with acute noma (n=68) and their neighborhood village (n=63) as well as urban (n=45) counterparts of comparable age and free of overt infections were evaluated for serum cytokine levels by ELISA. Oral bacteria were studied by polymerase chain… More >

Rafael Botella-Estrada¹, Marta Escudero², José E. O’Connor², Eduardo Nagore¹, Bernardo Fenollosa³, Onofre Sanmartín¹, Celia Requena¹, Carlos Guillén¹

European Cytokine Network, Vol.16, No.1, pp. 47-55, 2005

Abstract Background. The differentiation of T cells towards a T helper 1 (Th1) or Th2 phenotype based on their profile of cytokine production, is of great relevance in the regulation of immune responses. We have determined by flow cytometry, the expression of selected Th1 and Th2 cytokines by activated T cells in whole blood samples (WB) from normal donors and from patients with different clinical stages of melanoma in different clinical stages. Methods. WB samples from 6 normal donors and 19 patients with melanoma were activated over 4 hours with PMA + ionomycin in presence or… More >

S. Wittnebel¹, A. Jalil¹, J. Thiery¹, S. DaRocha¹, E. Viey¹, B. Escudier², S. Chouaib¹, A. Caignard¹

European Cytokine Network, Vol.16, No.2, pp. 123-127, 2005

Abstract Interferon alpha (IFN-α) is an approved treatment in metastatic renal cell carcinoma (RCC). The underlying mechanisms are far from being clear, but are presumed to be a combination of stimulation of cell-mediated cytotoxicity, direct antiproliferative activity and antiangiogenic effects. Recently, the role of p53 in the cellular response to IFN-α has been proposed in other tumor models (hepatoblastoma). We therefore studied the expression of p53 during IFN-α treatment using two freshly established RCC cell lines RCC5 and RCC7. While IFN-α treatment significantly enhanced the expression of p53 in RCC7, no changes were observed in RCC5. More >

Cyril O. Enwonwu^1,2, Reshma S. Phillips¹, Kofo O. Savage³

European Cytokine Network, Vol.16, No.3, pp. 240-248, 2005

Abstract Necrotizing ulcerative gingivitis (NUG), a periodontal disease traditionally associated with stressful lifestyles in young adults in developed countries, is very prevalent in socioeconomically deprived Nigerian children. Random incident cases (153) of NUG, along with their neighborhood village counterparts of comparable age and without NUG, as control, were recruited for this study. Anthropometric evaluation revealed widespread malnutrition and poor health in both groups of children, with more severe stunting in NUG cases. The poor nutritional status of the village children, with and without NUG, was also confirmed by markedly reduced levels of circulating micronutrients. Compared with… More >

Kaouther Snoussi¹, A. Donny Strosberg², Noureddine Bouaouina^1,3, Slim Ben Ahmed⁴, Lotfi Chouchane¹

European Cytokine Network, Vol.16, No.4, pp. 253-260, 2005

Abstract Objectives. Interleukin-1 (IL-1) and interleukin-6 (IL-6) are determining factors in the immune and inflammatory responses to tumors cells. Experimental data suggest that interleukin-1 and interleukin-6 play important roles in the development and progression of breast cancer. We designed a broad study to investigate the susceptibility and prognostic implications of the genetic variation in IL-1α, IL-1β and IL-6 in breast carcinoma. Experimental design. We used the polymerase chain reaction and restriction enzyme digestion to characterize the genetic variation of IL-1α, IL-1β and IL-6 in 305, unrelated Tunisian patients with breast carcinoma and 200 healthy control subjects.… More >

Abdullah M. Al Ghamdi, Michael A. S. Jewett

Canadian Journal of Urology, Vol.12, Suppl.1, pp. 62-65, 2005

Abstract For patients with clinical stage I nonseminomatous germ cell tumor (NSGCT), the therapeutic options after orchiectomy are retroperitoneal lymphadenectomy, surveillance, and chemotherapy. Ideally the option selected will be based on an individualized assessment of the estimated risk of progression based on prognostic factors, so called risk-adapted treatment, to reduce overall burden of therapy while maintaining survival. It is possible to identify patients at low risk of progression who can be followed by active surveillance initially. Prognostic factors for high risk, while well defined, do not identify all patients at risk and those that are destined More >

Ben H. Chew¹, Bodo E. Knudsen¹, Madeleine Moussa², Stephen E. Pautler¹

Canadian Journal of Urology, Vol.12, No.1, pp. 2555-2556, 2005

Abstract There are less than 100 cases of retroperitoneal schwannoma reported in the world literature. These are differentiated from gastrointestinal schwannomas found in the gastrointestinal tract. A case of a rare retroperitoneal gastrointestinal schwannoma presenting as a perinephric tumor is described. Treatment of such masses is local excision and final diagnosis is from histopathology. More >

Chiu Yen M. Chang¹, Ken Reddy², Katherine Chorneyko³, Anil Kapoor¹

Canadian Journal of Urology, Vol.12, No.2, pp. 2603-2606, 2005

Abstract Primary small cell carcinoma of the ureter is a rare clinico-pathological entity. We present a report of primary ureteric small cell carcinoma and pathological correlates. More >

D. Scott Ernst¹, Penny Brasher², Peter M. Venner³, Piotr Czaykowski⁴, Malcolm J. Moore⁵, Leonard Reyno⁶, Eric Winquist¹, Roanne Segal⁷, Desiree Hao⁸

Canadian Journal of Urology, Vol.12, No.2, pp. 2575-2580, 2005

Abstract Objective: We evaluate the impact of surveillance programs on the outcome of men with clinical stage 1 NSGCT following orchidectomy.
Patients and methods: A retrospective review of 197 patients with a minimum of 2 years follow-up at seven cancer centres was conducted. Histological characteristics of the primary tumor were recorded for each patient. Surveillance protocols consisted of clinical assessments, chest X-rays, serum beta HCG (βHCG), alpha fetoprotein (αFP), and abdominopelvic CT. All clinic visits and test completions were tracked. In accordance with each centre's specific surveillance protocol, patient compliance was defined as missing no more than two assessments/year.
… More >

Jason Evans, Milton W. Datta, Mary Goolsby, Peter Langenstroer

Canadian Journal of Urology, Vol.12, No.3, pp. 2722-2723, 2005

Abstract Eccrine porocarcinoma, an uncommon carcinoma of the sweat glands, rarely arises from the male genitalia. In past reports this presentation has been associated with Paget’s disease. This is the first known report of eccrine porocarcinoma of the scrotum unassociated with Paget’s disease. More >