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  • Open Access

    ARTICLE

    Enhanced Mechanical and Electrical Properties of Styrene Butadiene Rubber Nanocomposites with Graphene Platelet Nano-powder

    ARUN KUMAR M, JAYAKUMARI LS*, RAMJI CHANDRAN

    Journal of Polymer Materials, Vol.40, No.3-4, pp. 141-156, 2023, DOI:10.32381/JPM.2023.40.3-4.2

    Abstract Nanocomposites are very important materials because it imparts superior properties than other composites with low level of filler loading. Styrene butadiene rubber (SBR) is a non-polar rubber which acts as an insulator and has low electrical conductivity. Graphene platelet nano-powder from 0.1 to 1.25 phr level is incorporated into SBR rubber in order to improve the electrical properties. Comparative studies on electrical and mechanical properties of styrene butadiene rubber with graphene platelet nano-powder (GPN) by varying the filler content are made. The incorporation of Graphene platelet nano-powder increases the electrical conductivity in styrene butadiene rubber. It has been observed that… More >

  • Open Access

    ARTICLE

    Mathematical Modelling and Simulations of Active Direct Methanol Fuel Cell

    RABIRANJAN MURMUa,b, DEBASHIS ROYa, HAREKRUSHNA SUTARb

    Journal of Polymer Materials, Vol.40, No.3-4, pp. 125-139, 2023, DOI:10.32381/JPM.2023.40.3-4.1

    Abstract A one dimensional isothermal model is proposed by modelling the kinetics of methanol transport at anode flow channel (AFC), membrane and cathode catalyst layer of direct methanol fuel cell (DMFC). Analytical model is proposed to predict methanol cross-over rate through the electrolyte membrane and cell performance. The model presented in this paper considered methanol diffusion and electrochemical oxidation at the anode and cathode channels. The analytical solution of the proposed model was simulated in a MATLAB environment to obtain the polarization curve and leakage current. The effect of methanol concentration on cell voltage and leakage current is studied. The methanol… More >

  • Open Access

    ARTICLE

    Landscape of Sequence Variations in Homologous Copies of FAD2 and FAD3 in Rapeseed (Brassica napus L.) Germplasm with High/Low Linolenic Acid Trait

    Haoxue Wu#, Xiaohan Zhang§,#, Xiaoyu Chen, Kang Li, Aixia Xu, Zhen Huang, Jungang Dong, Chengyu Yu*

    Phyton-International Journal of Experimental Botany, Vol.93, No.3, pp. 627-640, 2024, DOI:10.32604/phyton.2024.050321

    Abstract Genetic manipulation (either restraint or enhancement) of the biosynthesis pathway of α-linolenic acid (ALA) in seed oil is an important goal in Brassica napus breeding. B. napus is a tetraploid plant whose genome often harbors four and six homologous copies, respectively, of the two fatty acid desaturases FAD2 and FAD3, which control the last two steps of ALA biosynthesis during seed oil accumulation. In this study, we compared their promoters, coding sequences, and expression levels in three high-ALA inbred lines 2006L, R8Q10, and YH25005, a low-ALA line A28, a low-ALA/high-oleic-acid accession SW, and the wildtype ZS11. The expression levels of… More >

  • Open Access

    ARTICLE

    Genome-Wide Exploration of the Grape GLR Gene Family and Differential Responses of VvGLR3.1 and VvGLR3.2 to Low Temperature and Salt Stress

    Honghui Sun1,2,#, Ruichao Liu1,2,#, Yueting Qi1, Hongsheng Gao1, Xueting Wang1, Ning Jiang1,2, Xiaotong Guo1,2, Hongxia Zhang1, Chunyan Yu1,2,*

    Phyton-International Journal of Experimental Botany, Vol.93, No.3, pp. 533-549, 2024, DOI:10.32604/phyton.2024.049417

    Abstract Grapes, one of the oldest tree species globally, are rich in vitamins. However, environmental conditions such as low temperature and soil salinization significantly affect grape yield and quality. The glutamate receptor (GLR) family, comprising highly conserved ligand-gated ion channels, regulates plant growth and development in response to stress. In this study, 11 members of the VvGLR gene family in grapes were identified using whole-genome sequence analysis. Bioinformatic methods were employed to analyze the basic physical and chemical properties, phylogenetic trees, conserved domains, motifs, expression patterns, and evolutionary relationships. Phylogenetic and collinear analyses revealed that the VvGLRs were divided into three… More >

  • Open Access

    REVIEW

    SPATULA as a Versatile Tool in Plant: The Progress and Perspectives of SPATULA (SPT) Transcriptional Factor

    Lei Liang, Xiangyang Hu*

    Phyton-International Journal of Experimental Botany, Vol.93, No.3, pp. 517-531, 2024, DOI:10.32604/phyton.2024.049277

    Abstract With the rapid development of modern molecular biology and bioinformatics, many studies have proved that transcription factors play an important role in regulating the growth and development of plants. SPATULA (SPT) belongs to the bHLH transcription family and participates in many processes of regulating plant growth and development. This review systemically summarizes the multiple roles of SPT in plant growth, development, and stress response, including seed germination, flowering, leaf size, carpel development, and root elongation, which is helpful for us to better understand the functions of SPT. More >

  • Open Access

    ARTICLE

    The Identification of Phenylalanine Ammonia-Lyase (PAL) Genes from Pinus yunnanensis and an Analysis of Enzyme Activity in vitro

    Dejin Mu1,2, Lin Chen1,2, Heze Wang1,2, Zhaoliu Hu1,2, Sihui Chen1,2, Shi Chen1,2, Nianhui Cai1,2, Yulan Xu1,2, Junrong Tang1,2,*

    Phyton-International Journal of Experimental Botany, Vol.93, No.3, pp. 503-516, 2024, DOI:10.32604/phyton.2024.048786

    Abstract Phenylalanine ammonia lyase (PAL) is the rate-limiting and pivotal enzyme of the general phenylpropanoid pathway, but few reports have been found on PAL genes in Pinus yunnanensis. In the present study, three PAL genes were cloned and identified from P. yunnanensis seedlings for the first time, namely, PyPAL-1, PyPAL-2, and PyPAL-3. Our results indicated that the open-reading frames of PyPAL genes were 2184, 2157, and 2385 bp. Phylogenetic tree analysis revealed that PyPALs have high homology with other known PAL genes in other plants. In vitro enzymatic analysis showed that all three PyPAL recombinant proteins could catalyze the deamination of… More >

  • Open Access

    ARTICLE

    Selenium Differentially Regulates Flavonoid Accumulation and Antioxidant Capacities in Sprouts of Twenty Diverse Mungbean ( (L.) Wilczek) Genotypes

    Fenglan Zhao1, Jizhi Jin1, Meng Yang1, Franklin Eduardo Melo Santiago2, Jianping Xue1, Li Xu3,*, Yongbo Duan1,*

    Phyton-International Journal of Experimental Botany, Vol.93, No.3, pp. 611-625, 2024, DOI:10.32604/phyton.2024.048295

    Abstract

    Seed germination with selenium (Se) is promising for producing Se-biofortified foods. Mungbean (Vigna radiata (L.) Wilczek) sprout is freshly eaten as a salad dressed with sauce, making it superior for Se biofortification. Since the Se safety range for the human body is extremely narrow, it is imperative to evaluate the genotypic responses of mungbean sprouts to Se. This study evaluated the Se enrichment capacity and interaction with flavonoids and antioxidant systems in sprouts of 20 mungbean germplasms. Selenium treatment was done by immersing mungbean seeds in 20 μM sodium selenite solution for 8 h. Afterward, the biomass, Se amounts, flavonoid… More >

  • Open Access

    ARTICLE

    SiRAP2-12, a Positive Regulatory Factor, Effectively Improves the Waterlogging Tolerance of Foxtail Millet (Setaria italica)

    Xueyan Xia1,#, Xiaohong Fu2,#, Yu Zhao1, Jihan Cui1, Nuoya Xiao1, Jingxin Wang1, Yiwei Lu1, Meihong Huang1, Cheng Chu1, Jia Zhang2, Mengxin Yang2, Shunguo Li1,*, Jianfeng Liu2,*

    Phyton-International Journal of Experimental Botany, Vol.93, No.3, pp. 445-465, 2024, DOI:10.32604/phyton.2024.048273

    Abstract Foxtail millet (Setaria italica) growth was inhibited because of waterlogging stress, which has caused yield reduction. ERF family plays an important role to plant adversity tolerance. In our study, we obtained 19,819 differential expressed genes (DEGs) between the two treatments based on the RNA-seq sequencing of foxtail millet of waterlogging stress. Furthermore, a total of 28 ERF family members were obtained, which have a complete open reading frame. We studied the evolution and function of SiERF family and how they affected the waterlogging tolerance. It was found that SiERF1A/B/C (GenBank ID: OR775217, OR775219, OR775218) and SiRAP2-12 (GenBank ID: OR775216) have… More >

  • Open Access

    ARTICLE

    Correlation and Pathway Analysis of the Carbon, Nitrogen, and Phosphorus in Soil-Microorganism-Plant with Main Quality Components of Tea (Camellia sinensis)

    Chun Mao1, Ji He1,*, Xuefeng Wen1, Yangzhou Xiang2, Jihong Feng1, Yingge Shu1

    Phyton-International Journal of Experimental Botany, Vol.93, No.3, pp. 487-502, 2024, DOI:10.32604/phyton.2024.048246

    Abstract The contents of carbon (C), nitrogen (N), and phosphorus (P) in soil-microorganisms-plant significantly affect tea quality by altering the main quality components of tea, such as tea polyphenols, amino acids, and caffeine. However, few studies have quantified the effects of these factors on the main quality components of tea. The study aimed to explore the interactions of C, N, and P in soil-microorganisms-plants and the effects of these factors on the main quality components of tea by using the path analysis method. The results indicated that (1) The contents of C, N, and P in soil, microorganisms, and tea plants… More >

  • Open Access

    ARTICLE

    Effects of Flowering Mode and Pollinator Sharing on Reproductive Success in Natural Hybrid of Two Epimedium (Berberidaceae) Species

    Lanying Chen1,2, Qiumei Quan3,*, Yunxiang Li3

    Phyton-International Journal of Experimental Botany, Vol.93, No.3, pp. 551-566, 2024, DOI:10.32604/phyton.2024.048103

    Abstract Mediated by pollen flow, natural hybridization is deemed a crucial factor that propels speciation in floral plants. Despite the fact that the diversity of Epimedium species is concentrated mainly in Southwestern China, the potential impact of interspecific pollination on natural hybridization has yet to be empirically scrutinized. To explore this, we studied the flowering period and the visitors of flowers in three frequently overlapping Epimedium species at Jinchengshan National Forest Park, located in Nanchong, Sichuan Province. Additionally, we performed a series of pollination experiments to examine breeding systems and hybrid compatibility. Morphologically, Epimedium pubescens and Epimedium wushanense are clearly distinct… More >

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