Shafiqur Rehman¹, Umar T. Salman^2,*, Luai M. Alhems¹

Energy Engineering, Vol.117, No.6, pp. 343-365, 2020, DOI:10.32604/EE.2020.011471 - 16 October 2020

Abstract Renewable energy has received much attention in the last few decades and more investment is being attracted across the world to boost its contribution towards the existing energy mix. In the Kingdom of Saudi Arabia (KSA), many studies have been conducted on the potential of renewable energy sources (RES), such as wind, solar, and geothermal. Many of these studies have revealed that the Kingdom is blessed with an abundance of RES with wind energy being the best after solar. This paper presents an analysis of windfarm distributed generation (WFDG) for energy management strategy in the… More >

Haina¹, Sagheer Gul^1,*, Muhammad Awais¹, Saira Jabeen², Muhammad Farooq³

Journal of Renewable Materials, Vol.8, No.10, pp. 1305-1326, 2020, DOI:10.32604/jrm.2020.010037 - 31 August 2020

Abstract This review efficiently covers the research progress in the area of polymer bio composites in perspective of the modern-day renewable materials. In the last decade, attraction towards the bio-composite based systems has been the topic of interest due to their potential as a substitute of conventional materials produced in important manufacturing industries. Recently, preparation of biocompatible and biodegradable polymer composites is an important achievement as an alternative of petrochemical based renewable products. Successful production of eco-friendly bio-composite materials have been achieved with natural fibers viz jute, bamboo, hair, flex, wool, silk and many others instead… More >

Beatrise Sture^1,*, Mikelis Kirpluks¹, Sergejs Gaidukovs², Edgars Vanags¹

Journal of Renewable Materials, Vol.8, No.9, pp. 1077-1089, 2020, DOI:10.32604/jrm.2020.09294 - 03 August 2020

Abstract Photocurable systems are more effective, faster and require less energy than conventional thermal curing methods. To facilitate the ongoing transition toward a biobased economy, photoactive compounds were synthesized from tall oil fatty acids (TOFA) which is a by-product from wood pulping. In this study, photoactive monomers were synthesized by two different chemical pathways using oleic acid and TOFA as raw materials. Firstly, double bonds present in TOFA were epoxidized, followed by epoxy ring-opening with acrylic acid which introduced photoactive functional groups into the fatty acid backbone. Intermediates and final products were analysed using titration methods More >

Yifei Wei^{1, *}, Yu Gong¹, Qiao Li¹, Mei Song^{1, *}, Xiaojun Wang²

CMC-Computers, Materials & Continua, Vol.64, No.1, pp. 501-514, 2020, DOI:10.32604/cmc.2020.010048 - 20 May 2020

Abstract In this paper, maximizing energy efficiency (EE) through radio resource allocation for renewable energy powered heterogeneous cellular networks (HetNet) with energy sharing, is investigated. Our goal is to maximize the network EE, conquer the instability of renewable energy sources and guarantee the fairness of users during allocating resources. We define the objective function as a sum weighted EE of all links in the HetNet. We formulate the resource allocation problem in terms of subcarrier assignment, power allocation and energy sharing, as a mixed combinatorial and non-convex optimization problem. We propose an energy efficient resource allocation More >

Haytham Ayoub, Ehab Hussein Bani-Hani^*

Energy Engineering, Vol.117, No.1, pp. 41-47, 2020, DOI:10.32604/EE.2020.010412 - 28 February 2020

Abstract Offshore wind turbine is analyzed theoretically and experimentally for improving wind energy harvesting. The energy produced is calculated at different wind speeds. The wind speed curve is generated by measuring the wind speed on daily base for one year. Curves that show the power extraction for experimental study and from the theoretical calculations are generated. The energy production investigation is expanded over a period of 15 years after comparing the annual energy production in theory and practice. The study shows the cost of electricity over the same time period assuming different interest rates. Three time… More >

Brody A. Frost, E. Johan Foster^*

Journal of Renewable Materials, Vol.8, No.2, pp. 187-203, 2020, DOI:10.32604/jrm.2020.07940 - 01 February 2020

Abstract As the world's population exponentially grows, so does the need for the production of food, with cereal production growing annually from an estimated 1.0 billion to 2.5 billion tons within the last few decades. This rapid growth in food production results in an ever increasing amount of agricultural wastes, of which already occupies nearly 50% of the total landfill area. For example, is the billions of dry tons of cellulose-containing spent coffee grounds disposed in landfills annually. This paper seeks to provide a method for isolating cellulose nanocrystals (CNCs) from spent coffee grounds, in order… More >

Kunal Wazarkar, Anagha Sabnis^*

Journal of Renewable Materials, Vol.8, No.1, pp. 57-68, 2020, DOI:10.32604/jrm.2020.07773 - 01 January 2020

Abstract In the present research, cardanol based di-acrylic UV oligomer was synthesized by thiol-ene coupling followed by ring opening reaction with glycidyl methacrylate. The intermediate as well as final diacrylate materials were analyzed by chemical as well as spectroscopic analysis. Further, ultraviolet (UV) radiation curable formulations were prepared by replacing commercial epoxy acrylate with synthesized UV oligomer in 10-50 wt% and applied on wood panels. The coated films were then evaluated for their optical, mechanical, chemical and thermal properties. Studies showed that up to 30 wt% amount of UV oligomer the coatings exhibited at par mechanical More >

CHUNYAN LIU^*, YUNHE LIU, ZIHAN PAN, QIUTING LI, HAN XU, TAO LIU

Journal of Polymer Materials, Vol.36, No.1, pp. 87-99, 2019, DOI:10.32381/JPM.2019.36.01.7

Abstract In this work, a series of novel lignin-based bis-benzoxazine monomers were efficiently synthesized by the reaction of renewable phenols: guaiacol, vanillyl alcohol, eugenol, vanillin with ethylene diamine and paraformaldehyde. The chemical structures of these lignin-based bis-benzoxazine monomers were confirmed by ¹H-NMR, ¹³C-NMR and FTIR, indicating the formation of benzoxazine ring. The obtained bis-benzoxazine monomers were cured via thermal treatment. The curing behavior of these lignin-based bis-benzoxazine monomers were compared and analyzed via differential scanning calorimetry (DSC), showing that Va-e possessed higher ring-opening polymerization activity than G-e, while E-e and V-e had lower curing activity than G-e. More >

Randeep Singh^* , Masataka Mochizuki, Koichi Mashiko, Thang Nguyen^*

Frontiers in Heat and Mass Transfer, Vol.13, pp. 1-6, 2019, DOI:10.5098/hmt.13.24

Abstract In the present paper, data center energy conservation systems based on the heat pipe heat exchanger (HPHE) pre-cooler to downsize the chiller capacity and working time has analysed, designed and discussed. The proposed system utilizes thermal diode character of heat pipe to transfer waste heat from source (pre-cooler coolant) to ambient and have been analyzed as per metrological conditions in New York. HPHE Pre cooler with 118 heat pipes and designed for 30 °C ambient temperature has been designed to effectively dissipate 30 kW or more datacenter heat throughout the year. The payback period of More >

M.D. Alam, O.T. Popoola, Y. Cao^*

Frontiers in Heat and Mass Transfer, Vol.13, pp. 1-16, 2019, DOI:10.5098/hmt.13.17

Abstract The significant increase in the heat dissipation associated with the increased throughput in computing, renewable energy, and electric vehicles has become a limitation to the evolution of these technologies. The needs for more effective thermal-management methods for higher heat fluxes and more uniform temperature have resulted in the development of mechanically driven oscillating flow cooling systems. The objective of this paper is to review the state-of-the-art of mechanically driven oscillating flow loops (MDOFLs) in terms of several aspects such as heat transfer, fluid mechanics, and thermodynamic principles. In each aspect, essential formulas and related sciences More >