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  • Open Access

    ARTICLE

    Preparation of Environmentally Friendly Urea-Hexanediamine-Glyoxal (HUG) Resin Wood Adhesive

    Qianyu Zhang1,2,#, Shi Chen1,2,#, Long Cao1,2, Hong Lei3, Antonio Pizzi4, Xuedong Xi1,2,*, Guanben Du1,2

    Journal of Renewable Materials, Vol.12, No.2, pp. 235-244, 2024, DOI:10.32604/jrm.2023.029537 - 11 March 2024

    Abstract Using non-toxic, low-volatile glyoxal to completely replace formaldehyde for preparing urea-glyoxal (UG) resin adhesive is a hot research topic that could be of great interest for the wood industry. However, urea-glyoxal (UG) resins prepared by just using glyoxal instead of formaldehyde usually yields a lower degree of polymerization. This results in a poorer bonding performance and water resistance of UG resins. A good solution is to pre-react urea to preform polyurea molecules presenting already a certain degree of polymerization, and then to condense these with glyoxal to obtain a novel UG resin. Therefore, in this… More > Graphic Abstract

    Preparation of Environmentally Friendly Urea-Hexanediamine-Glyoxal (HUG) Resin Wood Adhesive

  • Open Access

    ARTICLE

    An Underwater Target Detection Algorithm Based on Attention Mechanism and Improved YOLOv7

    Liqiu Ren, Zhanying Li*, Xueyu He, Lingyan Kong, Yinghao Zhang

    CMC-Computers, Materials & Continua, Vol.78, No.2, pp. 2829-2845, 2024, DOI:10.32604/cmc.2024.047028 - 27 February 2024

    Abstract For underwater robots in the process of performing target detection tasks, the color distortion and the uneven quality of underwater images lead to great difficulties in the feature extraction process of the model, which is prone to issues like error detection, omission detection, and poor accuracy. Therefore, this paper proposed the CER-YOLOv7(CBAM-EIOU-RepVGG-YOLOv7) underwater target detection algorithm. To improve the algorithm’s capability to retain valid features from both spatial and channel perspectives during the feature extraction phase, we have added a Convolutional Block Attention Module (CBAM) to the backbone network. The Reparameterization Visual Geometry Group (RepVGG)… More >

  • Open Access

    ARTICLE

    Improving Video Watermarking through Galois Field GF(24) Multiplication Tables with Diverse Irreducible Polynomials and Adaptive Techniques

    Yasmin Alaa Hassan1,*, Abdul Monem S. Rahma2

    CMC-Computers, Materials & Continua, Vol.78, No.1, pp. 1423-1442, 2024, DOI:10.32604/cmc.2023.046149 - 30 January 2024

    Abstract Video watermarking plays a crucial role in protecting intellectual property rights and ensuring content authenticity. This study delves into the integration of Galois Field (GF) multiplication tables, especially GF(24), and their interaction with distinct irreducible polynomials. The primary aim is to enhance watermarking techniques for achieving imperceptibility, robustness, and efficient execution time. The research employs scene selection and adaptive thresholding techniques to streamline the watermarking process. Scene selection is used strategically to embed watermarks in the most vital frames of the video, while adaptive thresholding methods ensure that the watermarking process adheres to imperceptibility criteria, maintaining… More >

  • Open Access

    ARTICLE

    Large-Scale 3D Thermal Transfer Analysis with 1D Model of Piped Cooling Water

    Shigeki Kaneko1, Naoto Mitsume2, Shinobu Yoshimura1,*

    Digital Engineering and Digital Twin, Vol.2, pp. 33-48, 2024, DOI:10.32604/dedt.2023.044279 - 31 January 2024

    Abstract In an integrated coal gasification combined cycle plant, cooling pipes are installed in the gasifier reactor and water cooling is executed to avoid reaching an excessively high temperature. To accelerate the design, it is necessary to develop an analysis system that can simulate the cooling operation within the practical computational time. In the present study, we assumed the temperature fields of the cooled object and the cooling water to be governed by the three-dimensional (3D) heat equation and the one-dimensional (1D) convection-diffusion equation, respectively. Although some existing studies have employed similar modeling, the applications have… More >

  • Open Access

    ARTICLE

    Einstein Hybrid Structure of q-Rung Orthopair Fuzzy Soft Set and Its Application for Diagnosis of Waterborne Infectious Disease

    Rana Muhammad Zulqarnain1, Hafiz Khalil ur Rehman2, Imran Siddique3, Hijaz Ahmad4,5, Sameh Askar6, Shahid Hussain Gurmani1,*

    CMES-Computer Modeling in Engineering & Sciences, Vol.139, No.2, pp. 1863-1892, 2024, DOI:10.32604/cmes.2023.031480 - 29 January 2024

    Abstract This research is devoted to diagnosing water-borne infectious diseases caused by floods employing a novel diagnosis approach, the Einstein hybrid structure of q-rung orthopair fuzzy soft set. This approach integrates parts of fuzzy logic and soft set theory to develop a robust alternative for disease detection in stressful situations, especially in areas affected by floods. Compared to the traditional intuitionistic fuzzy soft set and Pythagorean fuzzy soft set, the q-rung orthopair fuzzy soft set (q-ROFSS) adequately incorporates unclear and indeterminate facts. The major objective of this investigation is to formulate the q-rung orthopair fuzzy soft… More >

  • Open Access

    ARTICLE

    Wave Reflection by Rectangular Breakwaters for Coastal Protection

    Hasna Akarni*, Hamza Mabchour, Laila El Aarabi, Soumia Mordane

    FDMP-Fluid Dynamics & Materials Processing, Vol.20, No.3, pp. 579-593, 2024, DOI:10.32604/fdmp.2023.043080 - 12 January 2024

    Abstract In this study, we focus on the numerical modelling of the interaction between waves and submerged structures in the presence of a uniform flow current. Both the same and opposite senses of wave propagation are considered. The main objective is an understanding of the effect of the current and various geometrical parameters on the reflection coefficient. The wave used in the study is based on potential theory, and the submerged structures consist of two rectangular breakwaters positioned at a fixed distance from each other and attached to the bottom of a wave flume. The numerical More >

  • Open Access

    ARTICLE

    The Optimization Design of the Nozzle Section for the Water Jet Propulsion System Applied in Jet Skis

    Cheng-Yeh Li, Jui-Hsiang Kao*

    CMES-Computer Modeling in Engineering & Sciences, Vol.138, No.3, pp. 2277-2304, 2024, DOI:10.32604/cmes.2023.030215 - 15 December 2023

    Abstract The performance of a water jet propulsion system is related to the inlet duct, rotor, stator, and nozzle. Generally, the flow inlet design must fit the bottom line of the hull, and the design of the inlet duct is often limited by stern space. The entire section, from the rotor to the nozzle through the stator, must be designed based on system integration in that the individual performance of these three components will influence each other. Particularly, the section from the rotor to the nozzle significantly impacts the performance of a water jet propulsion system.… More >

  • Open Access

    ARTICLE

    Simulation of Two-Phase Flowback Phenomena in Shale Gas Wells

    Yongwei Duan, Zhaopeng Zhu, Hui He*, Gaoliang Xuan, Xuemeng Yu

    FDMP-Fluid Dynamics & Materials Processing, Vol.20, No.2, pp. 349-364, 2024, DOI:10.32604/fdmp.2023.042659 - 14 December 2023

    Abstract The gas-water two-phase flow occurring as a result of fracturing fluid flowback phenomena is known to impact significantly the productivity of shale gas well. In this work, this two-phase flow has been simulated in the framework of a hybrid approach partially relying on the embedded discrete fracture model (EDFM). This model assumes the region outside the stimulated reservoir volume (SRV) as a single-medium while the SRV region itself is described using a double-medium strategy which can account for the fluid exchange between the matrix and the micro-fractures. The shale gas adsorption, desorption, diffusion, gas slippage… More >

  • Open Access

    ARTICLE

    Characterization of Flame Retardancy and Oil-Water Separation Capacity of Superhydrophobic Silylated Melamine Sponges

    Yongchun Liu1,*, Ni Qiao2, Yanli Yang3, Yanchun Li1, Chunxiao He1, Siyang Wang1, Chengcheng Liu1, Ruixia Lei1, Wang Li4, Wenwen Gao4

    FDMP-Fluid Dynamics & Materials Processing, Vol.20, No.2, pp. 383-400, 2024, DOI:10.32604/fdmp.2023.041928 - 14 December 2023

    Abstract A silylated melamine sponge (SMS) was prepared by two simple steps, namely, immersion and dehydration of a melamine sponge coated with methyltrichlorosilane. The silylated structure of SMS was characterized by FT-IR (Fourier-transform infrared) spectroscopy, SEM (Scanning electron microscopy) and in terms of water contact angles. Its oil-water absorption and separation capacities were measured by FT-IR and UV-visible spectrophotometry. The experimental results have shown that oligomeric silanol covalently bonds by Si−N onto the surface of melamine sponge skeletons. SMS has shown superhydrophobicity with a water contact angle exceeding 150° ± 1°, a better separation efficiency with regard to More >

  • Open Access

    ARTICLE

    An Intelligent Sensor Data Preprocessing Method for OCT Fundus Image Watermarking Using an RCNN

    Jialun Lin1, Qiong Chen1,2,3,*

    CMES-Computer Modeling in Engineering & Sciences, Vol.138, No.2, pp. 1549-1561, 2024, DOI:10.32604/cmes.2023.029631 - 17 November 2023

    Abstract Watermarks can provide reliable and secure copyright protection for optical coherence tomography (OCT) fundus images. The effective image segmentation is helpful for promoting OCT image watermarking. However, OCT images have a large amount of low-quality data, which seriously affects the performance of segmentation methods. Therefore, this paper proposes an effective segmentation method for OCT fundus image watermarking using a rough convolutional neural network (RCNN). First, the rough-set-based feature discretization module is designed to preprocess the input data. Second, a dual attention mechanism for feature channels and spatial regions in the CNN is added to enable… More >

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