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  • Open Access

    ARTICLE

    A Classification–Detection Approach of COVID-19 Based on Chest X-ray and CT by Using Keras Pre-Trained Deep Learning Models

    Xing Deng1,2, Haijian Shao1,2,*, Liang Shi3, Xia Wang4,5, Tongling Xie6

    CMES-Computer Modeling in Engineering & Sciences, Vol.125, No.2, pp. 579-596, 2020, DOI:10.32604/cmes.2020.011920

    Abstract The Coronavirus Disease 2019 (COVID-19) is wreaking havoc around the world, bring out that the enormous pressure on national health and medical staff systems. One of the most effective and critical steps in the fight against COVID-19, is to examine the patient’s lungs based on the Chest X-ray and CT generated by radiation imaging. In this paper, five keras-related deep learning models: ResNet50, InceptionResNetV2, Xception, transfer learning and pre-trained VGGNet16 is applied to formulate an classification–detection approaches of COVID-19. Two benchmark methods SVM (Support Vector Machine), CNN (Convolutional Neural Networks) are provided to compare with the classification–detection approaches based on… More >

  • Open Access

    ARTICLE

    On the Detection of COVID-19 from Chest X-Ray Images Using CNN-Based Transfer Learning

    Mohammad Shorfuzzaman1, *, Mehedi Masud1

    CMC-Computers, Materials & Continua, Vol.64, No.3, pp. 1359-1381, 2020, DOI:10.32604/cmc.2020.011326

    Abstract Coronavirus disease (COVID-19) is an extremely infectious disease and possibly causes acute respiratory distress or in severe cases may lead to death. There has already been some research in dealing with coronavirus using machine learning algorithms, but few have presented a truly comprehensive view. In this research, we show how convolutional neural network (CNN) can be useful to detect COVID-19 using chest X-ray images. We leverage the CNN-based pre-trained models as feature extractors to substantiate transfer learning and add our own classifier in detecting COVID-19. In this regard, we evaluate performance of five different pre-trained models with fine-tuning the weights… More >

  • Open Access

    ARTICLE

    Dental Age Estimation Based on X-ray Images

    Noor Mualla1, Essam H Houssein2, *, M. R. Hassan1

    CMC-Computers, Materials & Continua, Vol.62, No.2, pp. 591-605, 2020, DOI:10.32604/cmc.2020.08580

    Abstract Chronological age estimation using panoramic dental X-ray images is an essential task in forensic sciences. Various statistical approaches have proposed by considering the teeth and mandible. However, building automated dental age estimation based on machine learning techniques needs more research efforts. In this paper, an automated dental age estimation is proposed using transfer learning. In the proposed approach, features are extracted using two deep neural networks namely, AlexNet and ResNet. Several classifiers are proposed to perform the classification task including decision tree, k-nearest neighbor, linear discriminant, and support vector machine. The proposed approach is evaluated using a number of suitable… More >

  • Open Access

    Study on Residual Stresses in Unidirectional Flax Fiber/ Vinyl Ester Composites by XRD Technique

    Shanshan Huo, Chad A. Ulven*

    Journal of Renewable Materials, Vol.5, Suppl.1, pp. 106-116, 2017, DOI:10.7569/JRM.2017.634136

    Abstract The development of flax fiber reinforced polymer composites with improved properties has been increasingly studied by many researchers because of their sustainability. However, the effects of thermal residual stresses on the interfacial properties of flax composites have not been evaluated or very well understood. In this study, the thermal properties of flax, vinyl ester matrices and their composites were accessed by different techniques, including thermomechanical analyzer, dynamic mechanical analyzer, and X-ray diffraction combined with aluminum particles. The effects of thermal properties of flax fibers and vinyl ester resin systems on the mechanical properties of their biocomposites were studied. The theory… More >

  • Open Access

    ARTICLE

    Effect of chemical mutagens and X-rays on morphological and physiological traits of tulips

    edaghathoor S, F Sharifi, A Eslami

    Phyton-International Journal of Experimental Botany, Vol.86, pp. 252-257, 2017, DOI:10.32604/phyton.2017.86.252

    Abstract The tulip (Tulipa sp.) is an ornamental plant produced by bulbs. Wild tulips are native to several areas of Iran, especially the Alborz and Zagros mountains. Endemic Iranian tulips are the origin of some commercial cultivars of tulip, and mutagens are commonly used to produce new traits and varieties. In this trial, X-rays were applied at 60, 70 and 80 kV; sodium azide (SA) at doses of 0.01%, 0.02%, and 0.03%, and diethyl sulfate (DES) at doses of 0.1%, 0.2% and 0.4 on Kess Nelis and Jan Van Ness varieties of tulip. Morphophysiological traits of the treated plants were measured.… More >

  • Open Access

    ARTICLE

    The Residual Stress State Due to Machining of Turbine Components: Experimental Investigation

    M. Lavella1, T. Berruti1

    Structural Durability & Health Monitoring, Vol.5, No.4, pp. 337-350, 2009, DOI:10.3970/sdhm.2009.005.337

    Abstract Results of residual stress measurements on Inconel 718 turbine components after machining are here presented. The work is focused on the experimental detection of the residual stress state produced after turning (orthogonal cutting and standard) and milling. The aim of the experimental activity was to supply an experimental data base of proved reliability for milling and turning model validation. This activity was performed inside the EU STREP project VERDI. The residual stresses were detected by means of X-ray diffraction technique. The experimental plan of measurements was performed on components worked with different working parameters (cutting velocity and feed rate) and… More >

  • Open Access

    ABSTRACT

    Investigation on Material Properties by Synchrotron Radiation X-Ray Computed Tomography

    Hu Xiaofang, Xu Feng, Wang Ming, Wu Xiaoping

    The International Conference on Computational & Experimental Engineering and Sciences, Vol.18, No.4, pp. 119-120, 2011, DOI:10.3970/icces.2011.018.119

    Abstract The Synchrotron Radiation X-ray Computed Tomography (SR-CT) technique is a non- destructive detection technology which can give the in-situ observation of microstructure evolution of materials under the external field (e.g., high pressure, high temperature, electromagnetic field, intense radiation, etc.), and it has a significant application in the area of plants and crops, advanced manufacturing, advanced materials, biomedicine, mechanics, archaeology and so on. More >

  • Open Access

    ABSTRACT

    Crystallite Size Distribution Determination By X-Ray Diffraction

    D. Balzar1

    The International Conference on Computational & Experimental Engineering and Sciences, Vol.10, No.1, pp. 7-8, 2009, DOI:10.3970/icces.2009.010.007

    Abstract X-ray diffraction is a useful technique for the estimation of size distributions of smaller crystallites. With the constant improvement of experimental techniques, especially with the advent of new-generation synchrotron and neutron sources with superior resolution, these size distributions can be precisely determined. Furthermore, modern methods for the analysis of X-ray diffraction patterns, such as Rietveld refinement, increasingly go beyond the determination of structural parameters and include refinable parameters for a physical crystallite size distribution.

    Several common size distributions (such as lognormal and gamma) will be considered. Particularly, a lognormal distribution of both ellipsoidal and cylindrical crystals with elliptical cross-sections can… More >

  • Open Access

    ARTICLE

    Effects of Processing Parameters on Mechanical Properties and Structure of Banana Fiber-Reinforced Composites

    Dan-Thuy Van-Pham1,*, Minh Tri Nguyen1, Chanh-Nghiem Nguyen2, Thi Truc Duyen Le1, Thi Yen Nhu Pham1, Khai Thinh Nguyen2, Yukihiro Nishikawa3, Qui Tran-Cong-Miyata3

    Journal of Renewable Materials, Vol.6, No.6, pp. 662-670, 2018, DOI:10.7569/JRM.2018.634107

    Abstract The mechanical properties of unidirectional natural fiber-reinforced composites are generally affected by several processing parameters during compression molding. This study investigates the effects of processing temperature, time, and pressure on the tensile and flexural properties of acrylonitrile butadiene styrene reinforced by banana fibers. X-ray CT imaging was employed to find the relationship between the mechanical properties and structure of the processed composite. Besides, the water absorption of composites was observed and the way in which the mechanical properties evolved after water absorption was analyzed. The tensile and flexural properties of the unidirectional banana fiber-reinforced composite were found to be inversely… More >

  • Open Access

    ARTICLE

    Residual Stresses in Resistance Spot Welded AZ61 Mg Alloy

    Davood Afshari1,*, Soheil Mirzaahamdi1, Zuheir Barsoum2

    CMES-Computer Modeling in Engineering & Sciences, Vol.118, No.2, pp. 275-290, 2019, DOI:10.31614/cmes.2019.03880

    Abstract The use of magnesium alloys has been rapidly increased due to their ability to maintain high strengths at light weights. However weldability of steels and aluminum alloys by using resistance spot weld (RSW) process is a major issue, because it cannot be directly utilized for magnesium alloys. In this study, a structural-thermal-electrical finite element (FE) model has been developed to predict the distribution of residual stresses in RSW AZ61 magnesium alloy. Thermophysical and thermomechanical properties of AZ61 magnesium alloy have been experimentally determined, and have been used in FE model to increase the accuracy of the model. X-ray diffraction (XRD)… More >

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