Abdurazzag Ali Aburas¹

The International Conference on Computational & Experimental Engineering and Sciences, Vol.9, No.1, pp. 1-2, 2009, DOI:10.3970/icces.2009.009.001

Abstract The typical Optical Character Recognition (OCR) systems, regardless the character's nature, are based mainly on three stages, preprocessing, features extraction and discrimination (recognizer). Each stage has its own problems and effects on the system efficiency such as time consuming and recognition errors. In order to avoid these difficulties this talk presents new construction of OCR system without pre-processing, features extraction and classifier for any handwriting characters using standard and advanced Image Compression techniques. The proposed algorithms obtained promising results in terms of accuracy as well as in terms of time consuming. More >

Patrícia C.T. Gonçalves^1,2, João Manuel R.S. Tavares¹, R.M. Natal Jorge¹

The International Conference on Computational & Experimental Engineering and Sciences, Vol.9, No.3, pp. 203-204, 2009, DOI:10.3970/icces.2009.009.203

Abstract The main goals of the present work are to automatically extract the contour of an object and to simulate its deformation using a physical approach. In this work, to segment an object represented in an image, an initial contour is manually defined for it that will then automatically evolve until it reaches the border of the desired object. In this approach, the contour is modelled by a physical formulation using the finite element method, and its temporal evolution to the desired final contour is driven by internal and external forces. The internal forces are defined… More >

Y.S. Chen¹

The International Conference on Computational & Experimental Engineering and Sciences, Vol.9, No.3, pp. 197-198, 2009, DOI:10.3970/icces.2009.009.197

Abstract It is important for a company to put themselves under the protection of patent right to keep their unique competitive advantages when they confront global competition. This issue is of particular importance in Taiwan since a growing number of Taiwanese companies have been sued by foreign competitors for patent infringement. For inverter industry, producing labor-saving, energy-saving, space-saving, high-communicational, high-functional, low-noise and cost-saving inverters become a more and more important topic.
This research investigates the state of the art of current inverter technology. By using United States Patent & Trademark Office (USPTO) database, we collect global patent… More >

Masanori Kobayashi, Myron Spector

Molecular & Cellular Biomechanics, Vol.6, No.4, pp. 217-228, 2009, DOI:10.3970/mcb.2009.006.217

Abstract In order to achieve successful wound repair by regenerative tissue engineering using mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs), it is important to understand the response of stem cells in the scaffold matrix to mechanical stress.
To investigate the clinical effects of mechanical stress on the behavior of cells in scaffolds, bone marrow-derived mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) were grown on a type-I collagen-glycosaminoglycan (GAG) scaffold matrix for one week under cyclic stretching loading conditions.
The porous collagen-GAG scaffold matrix for skin wound repair was prepared, the harvested canine MSCs were seeded on the scaffold, and cultured under… More >

Xueying Huang^*, Chun Yang^†, Chun Yuan^‡, Fei Liu^‡, Gador Canton^‡, Jie Zheng^§, Pamela K. Woodard^§, Gregorio A. Sicard^¶, Dalin Tang^||

Molecular & Cellular Biomechanics, Vol.6, No.2, pp. 121-134, 2009, DOI:10.3970/mcb.2009.006.121

Abstract Image-based computational models for atherosclerotic plaques have been developed to perform mechanical analysis to quantify critical flow and stress/strain conditions related to plaque rupture which often leads directly to heart attack or stroke. An important modeling issue is how to determine zero stress state from in vivo plaque geometries. This paper presents a method to quantify human carotid artery axial and inner circumferential shrinkages by using patient-specific ex vivo and in vivo MRI images. A shrink-stretch process based on patient-specific in vivo plaque morphology and shrinkage data was introduced to shrink the in vivo geometry first to find the zero-stress… More >

Frederic L. Pellet¹

CMES-Computer Modeling in Engineering & Sciences, Vol.52, No.3, pp. 279-296, 2009, DOI:10.3970/cmes.2009.052.279

Abstract In this study, the contact and interaction between a tunnel lining support and a damage-susceptible viscoplastic medium is investigated. First, back-analysis of the time-dependent behaviour of a drift excavated across a carboniferous rock mass which exhibited large delayed displacements was undertaken. Drift closure was simulated using an elasto-viscoplastic constitutive model that included the strength degradation process. This 3D numerical simulation was performed taking into account both stage construction sequence and rate of excavation advancement. A comparison of the numerical results with the data measured on site allowed for the calibration of the model parameters. Subsequently, More >

Peter J. Ireman, Anders Klarbring¹, Niclas Strömberg

CMES-Computer Modeling in Engineering & Sciences, Vol.52, No.2, pp. 125-158, 2009, DOI:10.3970/cmes.2009.052.125

Abstract In this paper finite element approaches for fretting fatigue are proposed on the basis of a non-local model of continuum damage coupled to friction and wear. The model is formulated in the frame-work of a standard material. In a previous paper this was done in the spirit of Maugin, where an extra entropy flux is introduced in the second law in order to include the gradient of the internal variable in a proper manner. In this paper we follow instead the ideas of Frémond and others, where this extra entropy flux is no longer needed,… More >

Bhaskar Kumar¹, Sanjay Mittal^1,2

CMES-Computer Modeling in Engineering & Sciences, Vol.53, No.2, pp. 95-122, 2009, DOI:10.3970/cmes.2009.053.095

Abstract The steady flow past a circular cylinder is investigated. Symmetry conditions are imposed along the centerline of the flow field. The variation of the structure of the recirculation zone with the Reynolds number is studied. The effect of the location of lateral boundary on the flow is analyzed and compared with results from earlier studies. The eddy length varies linearly with Re. Three kinds of solutions, based on eddy structure, are found for different location of the lateral boundary. Global linear stability analysis has been carried out in a translating frame to determine the convective… More >

LumingShen¹

CMES-Computer Modeling in Engineering & Sciences, Vol.49, No.1, pp. 23-46, 2009, DOI:10.3970/cmes.2009.049.023

Abstract A bifurcation-based simulation procedure is proposed in this paper to explore the transition from localization to decohesion involved in the glass fragmentation under impact loading. In the proposed procedure, the onset and orientation of discontinuous failure of glass is identified from the bifurcation analysis based on a rate-dependent tensile damage model. The material point method, which does not involve fixed mesh connectivity, is employed to accommodate the multi-scale discontinuities associated with the fragmentation of glass using a simple interface treatment. A parametric study has been conducted to demonstrate the effects of specimen size and impact More >

B.R.Kim¹ and H.K.Lee^1,2

CMES-Computer Modeling in Engineering & Sciences, Vol.47, No.3, pp. 253-282, 2009, DOI:10.3970/cmes.2009.047.253

Abstract Damage characteristic of particulated ductile composites is a complex evolutionary phenomenon that includes particle debonding and void evolution with the accumulation of the plastic straining of the ductile matrix. In this paper, a micromechanical elastoplastic damage model for ductile matrix composites considering gradually incremental damage (particle debonding and void evolution) is proposed to predict the overall elastoplastic behavior and damage evolution in the composites. The constitutive damage model proposed in an earlier work by the authors [Kim and Lee (2009)] considering particle debonding is extended to accommodate the gradually incremental damage and elastoplastic behavior of More >