Ali A.R. Alkhafaji^1,*, Nilam Nur Amir Sjarif¹, M.A Shahidan¹, Nurulhuda Firdaus Mohd Azmi¹, Haslina Md Sarkan¹, Suriayati Chuprat¹, Osamah Ibrahim Khalaf², Ehab Nabiel Al-Khanak³

CMC-Computers, Materials & Continua, Vol.67, No.3, pp. 3865-3885, 2021, DOI:10.32604/cmc.2021.015803 - 01 March 2021

Abstract The most sensitive Arabic text available online is the digital Holy Quran. This sacred Islamic religious book is recited by all Muslims worldwide including non-Arabs as part of their worship needs. Thus, it should be protected from any kind of tampering to keep its invaluable meaning intact. Different characteristics of Arabic letters like the vowels (), Kashida (extended letters), and other symbols in the Holy Quran must be secured from alterations. The cover text of the Quran and its watermarked text are different due to the low values of the Peak Signal to Noise Ratio… More >

Abdul Rehman Javed^1,*, Rabia Abid², Bakhtawar Aslam², Hafiza Ammara Khalid², Mohammad Zubair Khan³, Omar H. Alhazmi³, Muhammad Rizwan²

CMC-Computers, Materials & Continua, Vol.67, No.2, pp. 1933-1950, 2021, DOI:10.32604/cmc.2021.015272 - 05 February 2021

Abstract With the popularity of green computing and the huge usage of networks, there is an acute need for expansion of the 5G network. 5G is used where energy efficiency is the highest priority, and it can play a pinnacle role in helping every industry to hit sustainability. While in the 5G network, conventional performance guides, such as network capacity and coverage are still major issues and need improvements. Device to Device communication (D2D) communication technology plays an important role to improve the capacity and coverage of 5G technology using different techniques. The issue of energy More >

Yi Liang^1,*, Shaokang Zeng¹, Xiaoxian Xu², Shilu Chang¹, Xing Su¹

CMC-Computers, Materials & Continua, Vol.66, No.2, pp. 1697-1717, 2021, DOI:10.32604/cmc.2020.012513 - 26 November 2020

Abstract Spark is the most popular in-memory processing framework for big data analytics. Memory is the crucial resource for workloads to achieve performance acceleration on Spark. The extant memory capacity configuration approach in Spark is to statically configure the memory capacity for workloads based on user’s specifications. However, without the deep knowledge of the workload’s system-level characteristics, users in practice often conservatively overestimate the memory utilizations of their workloads and require resource manager to grant more memory share than that they actually need, which leads to the severe waste of memory resources. To address the above… More >

Andriyanto Setyawan^a,*

Frontiers in Heat and Mass Transfer, Vol.14, pp. 1-6, 2020, DOI:10.5098/hmt.14.22

Abstract In this paper, the effect of evaporating temperature on the void fraction and flow pattern of R290 in an evaporator of air conditioning unit has been studied. The analysis was carried out for evaporator diameter of 7.9 mm and 6.3 mm and cooling capacity of 2.64 kW and 5.28 kW. The analysis was conducted at evaporating temperature of -20°C to +5°C with an increment of 5°C. At the inlet of evaporator, the void fraction ranges from 0.932 to 0.984, whereas at the outlet the void fraction is 1. Testing the void fraction by using 3… More >

Jing Hu^a,* , Mingxing Du^b

Frontiers in Heat and Mass Transfer, Vol.14, pp. 1-7, 2020, DOI:10.5098/hmt.14.5

Abstract Inert gases are conveniently used for leak detection. Relative to CO₂, majority of the inert gases are non-condensable. It is of great significance to understand the effects of residual non-condensable gases on the performance of a refrigeration system. This paper investigates, both theoretically and experimentally, on the impact of residual non-condensable gases on the performance of a carbon dioxide (CO₂) evaporator and the system performance. A theoretical analysis indicates that residual non-condensable gases can convert homogeneous nucleation into a heterogeneous nucleation process and accelerate phase change, thus, reducing superheat or incipient boiling temperature. To investigate the… More >

Feiyu Li¹, Siqi Zuo¹, Yongzhou Chi¹, Chunying Du¹, Zhaopeng Shen¹, Xihong Han^2,3, Xiaohui Wang^2,*, Peng Wang^1,*

Journal of Renewable Materials, Vol.8, No.11, pp. 1519-1529, 2020, DOI:10.32604/jrm.2020.011453 - 28 September 2020

Abstract Drought is one of the major abiotic stresses that affect plant growth and reduce agricultural productivity. Use of algal extract as a biostimulant is gaining increased attention from researchers. This study aimed to investigate the potential of Ulva prolifera extract (UE) as a biostimulant when enzymatically extracted under conditions of water deficit. UE treatments (0.02%, 0.06%, and 0.1%) significantly improved the shoot length, root length, and dry weight of roots after 120 h of drought stress relative to that in treatment with the negative control. An increase in catalase (CAT) and peroxidase (POD) activity was also More >

Bo Liu^1,*, Haoran Li¹, Shuya Liu²

Structural Durability & Health Monitoring, Vol.14, No.3, pp. 249-264, 2020, DOI:10.32604/sdhm.2020.06482 - 14 September 2020

Abstract The buoyancy of groundwater can reduce the foundation bearing capacity and cause the metro tunnels to float as a whole, which threatens the safety of structures seriously. Therefore, uplift piles are set up to improve the structural stability. In this paper, FLAC3D software is used to establish the calculation models of pile foundation. The bearing failure process of uplift piles was simulated to study the influencing factors on single pile load bearing capacity as well as the cooperative work laws of pile groups. The load-displacement curves of pile top under different length-diameter ratios, pile-soil interface… More >

Yan Liu¹, Yanfei Guo¹, Xufeng Sun^1,*, Meng Gong²

Journal of Renewable Materials, Vol.8, No.9, pp. 1111-1127, 2020, DOI:10.32604/jrm.2020.09575 - 03 August 2020

Abstract Poplar Laminated Veneer Lumber (Poplar LVL) is a new type of engineering materials with high strength, good reliability and small variability. Poplar LVL is manufactured from the fast-growing poplar, which is widely used in packaging, furniture and others, however, is rarely adopted in construction. In order to explore the feasibility of poplar LVL trusses in construction of roof, four 4.5-m-span Fink-and-Howe trusses were designed and assembled, which were made of poplar LVL with bolted- and tooth-plated connections. Vertical static loading on the upper chord joints of a truss was imposed by self-balancing test device. The… More >

Ahmed Y. Hamed¹, Monagi H. Alkinani², M. R. Hassan^{3, *}

CMC-Computers, Materials & Continua, Vol.64, No.3, pp. 1579-1586, 2020, DOI:10.32604/cmc.2020.010881 - 30 June 2020

Abstract Computer networks and power transmission networks are treated as capacitated flow networks. A capacitated flow network may partially fail due to maintenance. Therefore, the capacity of each edge should be optimally assigned to face critical situations—i.e., to keep the network functioning normally in the case of failure at one or more edges. The robust design problem (RDP) in a capacitated flow network is to search for the minimum capacity assignment of each edge such that the network still survived even under the edge’s failure. The RDP is known as NP-hard. Thus, capacity assignment problem subject More >

Yanwei Feng¹, Wen Lei², Rui Gu³, Ping Zhao⁴, Shijun Ni^1,*, Ningfei Lei^3,*

Phyton-International Journal of Experimental Botany, Vol.89, No.3, pp. 667-679, 2020, DOI:10.32604/phyton.2020.010160 - 22 June 2020

Abstract Water, minerals, nutrients, etc., can be shared by physiological integration among inter-connected ramets of clonal plants. Nitrogen plays an important role in alleviating cadmium (Cd) stress for clonal plants. But how different forms of nitrogen affect growth performance of clonal plants subjected to heterogeneous Cd stress still remains poorly understood. A pot experiment was conducted to investigate the differential effects of ammonium and nitrate on growth performance of Glechoma longituba under heterogeneous Cd stress. In the experiment, parent ramets of Glechoma longituba clonal fragments were respectively supplied with modified Hoagland solution containing 7.5 mM ammonium, 7.5… More >