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  • Open Access

    ARTICLE

    Extraction and Characterization of Litopenaeus vannamei’s Shell as Potential Sources of Chitosan Biopolymers

    Che Engku Noramalina Che Engku Chik1, Amyra Suryatie Kamaruzzan1, Ahmad Ideris Abdul Rahim1, Fathurrahman Lananan2,3, Azizah Endut4, Siti Aslamyah5, Nor Azman Kasan1,*

    Journal of Renewable Materials, Vol.11, No.3, pp. 1181-1197, 2023, DOI:10.32604/jrm.2023.022755 - 31 October 2022

    Abstract Chitin is the second most abundant polysaccharide, produced mainly as an industrial waste stream during crustacean processing. Chitin can be derived into chitosan through the deacetylation process. Conversion of shrimp waste into chitosan via the deacetylation process could be considered a practical approach for shell waste remediation. In this study, chitosan’s physicochemical characteristics extracted from two types of Pacific white leg shrimp, L. vannamei’s shell (i.e., rough and smooth), were compared with commercial chitosan. The yield, moisture, ash, solubility, water and fat binding capacity were measured. The degree of deacetylation (DDA) was calculated using FTIR, and… More > Graphic Abstract

    Extraction and Characterization of <i>Litopenaeus vannamei</i>’s Shell as Potential Sources of Chitosan Biopolymers

  • Open Access

    ARTICLE

    Antibacterial Chitosan-Gelatin Microcapsules Modified with Green-Synthesized Silver Nanoparticles for Food Packaging

    Long Li, Yanan Lu, Yu Chen, Jiayi Bian, Li Wang, Li Li*

    Journal of Renewable Materials, Vol.11, No.1, pp. 291-307, 2023, DOI:10.32604/jrm.2022.021456 - 10 August 2022

    Abstract Silver nanoparticles (Ag NPs) are an effective antibacterial agent, but their application in food packaging is limited due to their easy agglomeration and oxidation. In this study, antibacterial microcapsules were fabricated using Ginkgo biloba essential oil (GBEO) as core material and chitosan and type B gelatin biopolymer as capsule materials. These antibacterial microcapsules were then modified with green-synthesized Ag NPs, blended into the biopolymer polylactic acid (PLA), and finally formed as films. Physicochemical properties and antibacterial activity against Escherichia coli (E. coli) and Staphylococcus aureus (S. aureus) were evaluated. Results showed that the prepared antibacterial PLA films exhibited excellent antibacterial More > Graphic Abstract

    Antibacterial Chitosan-Gelatin Microcapsules Modified with Green-Synthesized Silver Nanoparticles for Food Packaging

  • Open Access

    ARTICLE

    Effect of Sulfuric Acid on the Physiochemical Properties of Chitosan-PVA Blend for Direct Methanol Fuel Cell

    RABIRANJAN MURMUa,b, DEBASHIS ROYa, HAREKRUSHNA SUTARb, PRAGYAN SENAPATIc, SWETAK ABHISEK MOHAPATRAb

    Journal of Polymer Materials, Vol.39, No.1-2, pp. 89-109, 2022, DOI:10.32381/JPM.2022.39.1-2.6

    Abstract In this work, we have successfully cross-linked the different weight ratio of Chitosan-PVA blend with sulfuric acid. The effect of cross-linker on the properties of blends are studied by using different experimental technique. The cross-linked membrane provides higher ion exchange capacity due to the procurement of extra ionic hooping sites in the membrane. The compatibility of the blends are confirmed from the FTIR and DSC analysis. The crosslinking reaction fastening the phase transition behavior of the blends which reduces the glass transition temperature. The highly compatiblized cross-linked blend provides higher tensile strength and lower modulus… More >

  • Open Access

    ARTICLE

    The Fabrication of Water-Soluble Chitosan Capsule Shell Modified by Alginate and Gembili Starch (Dioscorea esculenta L)

    Yatim Lailun Ni’mah*, Suprapto Suprapto, Harmami, Ita Ulfin, Puput Asmaul Fauziyah

    Journal of Renewable Materials, Vol.10, No.9, pp. 2365-2376, 2022, DOI:10.32604/jrm.2022.020001 - 30 May 2022

    Abstract Capsule shells have been successfully fabricated from water-soluble chitosan (WSC) with the addition of alginate and Gembili starch. WSC was synthesized from crab shell chitosan by depolymerization reaction. The capsule shells were made with the composition of WSC: Alginate, 2:1, 3:1 and 4:1 (w/w) with and without the addition of Gembili starch. Gembili starch was added with a ratio of Alginate: Starch, 1:1 (w/w). The capsule shell properties were evaluated according to Indonesian Pharmacopoeia standard. The solubility test showed that the capsule shells were comply with the standard. The highest degrees of swelling in water More > Graphic Abstract

    The Fabrication of Water-Soluble Chitosan Capsule Shell Modified by Alginate and Gembili Starch (<i>Dioscorea esculenta</i> L)

  • Open Access

    ARTICLE

    Synthesis, Characterization and Remedial Action of Biogenic Silver Nanoparticles and Chitosan-Silver Nanoparticles against Bacterial Pathogens

    Piyush Kumar Gupta1, D. Karthik Kumar2, M. Thaveena3, Soumya Pandit1, Somya Sinha4, R. Ranjithkumar2,* , Walaa F. Alsanie5, Vijay Kumar Thakur6,7,8,*

    Journal of Renewable Materials, Vol.10, No.12, pp. 3093-3105, 2022, DOI:10.32604/jrm.2022.019335 - 30 May 2022

    Abstract Custard apple is a dry land fruit. Its leaves exhibit different pharmacological activities. In the present study, both silver (Ag) nanoparticles and chitosan-coated Ag (Chi-Ag) nanoparticles were fabricated using the aqueous leaf extract of the custard apple plant. During preliminary phytochemical analysis, various types of phytocompounds were found in the aqueous leaf extract of the same plant. Next, both nanoparticles were physiochemically characterized. FTIR analysis exhibited the fingerprint vibrational peaks of active bioactive compounds in plant extract, Ag nanoparticles, and Chi-Ag nanoparticles. UV/Visible spectral analysis revealed the highest absorbance peak at 419 nm, indicating the More > Graphic Abstract

    Synthesis, Characterization and Remedial Action of Biogenic Silver Nanoparticles and Chitosan-Silver Nanoparticles against Bacterial Pathogens

  • Open Access

    ARTICLE

    Organic Amendments Improve Plant Morpho-Physiology and Antioxidant Metabolism in Mitigating Drought Stress in Bread Wheat (Triticum aestivum L.)

    Taufika Islam Anee1,#, Md. Nur Nabi Islam1,#, Mohamed M. Hassan2, Abdul Awal Chowdhury Masud1, Md. Mahabub Alam1, Mirza Hasanuzzaman1,*

    Phyton-International Journal of Experimental Botany, Vol.91, No.9, pp. 1959-1972, 2022, DOI:10.32604/phyton.2022.021137 - 13 May 2022

    Abstract Due to the unpredictable climate change, drought stress is being considered as one of the major threats to crop production. Wheat (Triticum aestivum L. cv. BARI Gom-26) being a dry season crop frequently faces scarcity of water and results in a lower yield. Therefore, this experiment aims to explore the role of different organic amendments (OAs) in mitigating drought stress-induced damage. The pot experiment consisted of different organic amendments viz. compost, vermicompost and poultry manure @0.09 kg m−2 soil, biochar @2.5% w/w soil and chitosan @1% w/w soil which was imposed on the plants grown under both… More >

  • Open Access

    REVIEW

    Impact of chitosan-based nanocarriers on cytoskeleton dynamics: Current status and challenges

    M. CAROLINA DI SANTO1,2,#, AGUSTINA ALAIMO1,2,#, ANA PAULA DOMÍNGUEZ RUBIO1,2, OSCAR E. PÉREZ1,2,*

    BIOCELL, Vol.46, No.4, pp. 885-891, 2022, DOI:10.32604/biocell.2022.018391 - 15 December 2021

    Abstract Chitosan-based nanocarriers (CS-NCs) show a promising role in improving drugs and bioactive compounds delivery for therapy. However, the effects exerted by CS-NCs at the cellular level, including their recognition and uptake, have not been fully investigated yet. Many factors, including size, shape, concentration, and surface chemistry of CS-NCs, play an important role in determining the types of intracellular signals triggered. The mechanism of uptake and the involvement of the cytoskeleton during the CS-NCs endocytosis variates among the different cell types as well as further effects observed inside cells. In the present work, we discuss the… More >

  • Open Access

    REVIEW

    Potential Economic Value of Chitin and Its Derivatives as Major Biomaterials of Seafood Waste, with Particular Reference to Southeast Asia

    Hsiao Wei Tan1, Zhi Yin Joan Lim2, Nur Airina Muhamad3, Fong Fong Liew4,*

    Journal of Renewable Materials, Vol.10, No.4, pp. 909-938, 2022, DOI:10.32604/jrm.2022.018183 - 02 November 2021

    Abstract With a growing population, changes in consumerism behavior and trends in consumption in Indo-Pacific Asia, our seafood processing and consumption practices produce a large volume of waste products. There are several advantages in regulating and sustaining shellfish processing industries. The major advantage of waste management is that it leads to better conservation of natural resources in the long run. Shrimp shell waste contains useful biomaterials, which are still untapped due to inadequate waste disposal and solid waste management. Chitin, the major component of shell waste, can be extracted either chemically or biologically. The chemical extraction More > Graphic Abstract

    Potential Economic Value of Chitin and Its Derivatives as Major Biomaterials of Seafood Waste, with Particular Reference to Southeast Asia

  • Open Access

    REVIEW

    A Review of Various Sources of Chitin and Chitosan in Nature

    Benedict Terkula Iber1,2,*, Nor Azman Kasan1,*, Donald Torsabo1,2, Jenifer Wese Omuwa2

    Journal of Renewable Materials, Vol.10, No.4, pp. 1097-1123, 2022, DOI:10.32604/jrm.2022.018142 - 02 November 2021

    Abstract Chitin was first discovered by its name from the Greek word “chiton”, which means “mail coat”. It is indeed a polysaccharide made up of naturally occurring acetyl-D-glucosamine monomers. Hatchett was the first researcher who extracted chitin from the shells of mollusks (crabs and lobsters), prawns, and crayfish in 1799. Later in 1811, Henri Braconnot discovered chitin in the cell walls of mushrooms and called it “fungine”. Chitin and chitosan are abundant in the biosphere as essential components of many organisms’ exoskeletons and as by-products of the global seafood industry. The biopolymer must be deacetylated before… More >

  • Open Access

    ARTICLE

    Schiff’s base of Fe3O4 @chitosan with 4,4'- diselenobisbenzaldehyde: Preparation, characterization and its catalytic activity for oxidation of sulphides

    RAFAT SABA*, MOHD. KASHIF AZIZ, GHULAM MUSTAFA, ARPIT SRIVASTAVA, SHEKHAR SRIVASTAVA*

    Journal of Polymer Materials, Vol.38, No.1-2, pp. 153-166, 2021, DOI:10.32381/JPM.2021.38.1-2.12

    Abstract We have synthesized Schiff’s base of Fe3 O4 @chitosan with 4,4'-diselenobisbenzaldehyde (Fe3O4 @CSSe) composite and used it as acatalyst for the oxidation of sulfides, having some advantageous properties such as eco-friendly, cost-effective and highly efficient magnetic biocatalyst of selenium. The synthesized schiff’s base was characterized by different physical characterization techniques such as Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FT-IR), X-ray diffraction (XRD), Vibrating sample magnetometer (VSM)and Dynamic light scattering (DLS). Further, we used the resulting schiff’s base as a catalyst in the presence of a green oxidant (H2 O2 ) to oxidize sulfides to corresponding sulfoxides at room temperature. It More >

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