Adel D. Rajab^*

CMC-Computers, Materials & Continua, Vol.72, No.1, pp. 2077-2092, 2022, DOI:10.32604/cmc.2022.025736

Abstract In the Internet of Things (IoT)-based smart city applications, employing the Data Collectors (DC) as the data brokers between the nodes and Base Station (BS) can be a promising solution to enhance the energy efficiency of energy-constrained IoT sensor nodes. There are several schemes that utilize mobile DCs to collect the data packets from sensor nodes. However, moving DCs along the hundreds of thousands of sensors sparsely distributed across a smart city is considered a design challenge in such schemes. Another concern lies in how these mobile DCs are being powered. Therefore, to overcome these limitations, we exploit multiple energy-limited… More >

Arwa A. Mashat, Niayesh Gharaei^*, Aliaa M. Alabdali

CMC-Computers, Materials & Continua, Vol.72, No.1, pp. 441-459, 2022, DOI:10.32604/cmc.2022.024131

Abstract Compared with the traditional techniques of forest fires detection, wireless sensor network (WSN) is a very promising green technology in detecting efficiently the wildfires. However, the power constraint of sensor nodes is one of the main design limitations of WSNs, which leads to limited operation time of nodes and late fire detection. In the past years, wireless power transfer (WPT) technology has been known as a proper solution to prolong the operation time of sensor nodes. In WPT-based mechanisms, wireless mobile chargers (WMC) are utilized to recharge the batteries of sensor nodes wirelessly. Likewise, the energy of WMC is provided… More >

Saeed Ahmed^1,2, Noor Gul^1,3, Jahangir Khan⁴, Junsu Kim¹, Su Min Kim^1,*

CMC-Computers, Materials & Continua, Vol.71, No.3, pp. 5061-5082, 2022, DOI:10.32604/cmc.2022.023639

Abstract Flash floods are deemed the most fatal and disastrous natural hazards globally due to their prompt onset that requires a short prime time for emergency response. Cognitive Internet of things (CIoT) technologies including inherent characteristics of cognitive radio (CR) are potential candidates to develop a monitoring and early warning system (MEWS) that helps in efficiently utilizing the short response time to save lives during flash floods. However, most CIoT devices are battery-limited and thus, it reduces the lifetime of the MEWS. To tackle these problems, we propose a CIoT-based MEWS to slash the fatalities of flash floods. To extend the… More >

Samira Mujkic^1,*, Suad Kasapovic¹, Mohammed Abuibaid²

CMC-Computers, Materials & Continua, Vol.71, No.1, pp. 871-888, 2022, DOI:10.32604/cmc.2022.021441

Abstract This paper investigates the resource optimization problem for a multi-cell massive multiple-input multiple-output (MIMO) network in which each base station (BS) is equipped with a large number of antennas and each base station (BS) adapts the number of antennas to the daily load profile (DLP). This paper takes into consideration user location distribution (ULD) variation and evaluates its impact on the energy efficiency of load adaptive massive MIMO system. ULD variation is modeled by dividing the cell into two coverage areas with different user densities: boundary focused (BF) and center focused (CF) ULD. All cells are assumed identical in terms… More >

Zilong Jin^1,2, Chengbo Zhang¹ , Kan Yao³ , Dun Cao⁴ , Seokhoon Kim⁵, Yuanfeng Jin^6,*

CMC-Computers, Materials & Continua, Vol.70, No.3, pp. 5991-6005, 2022, DOI:10.32604/cmc.2022.021498

Abstract

Cognitive radio devices can utilize the licensed channels in an opportunistic manner to solve the spectrum scarcity issue occurring in the unlicensed spectrum. However, these cognitive radio devices (secondary users) are greatly affected by the original users (primary users) of licensed channels. Cognitive users have to adjust operation parameters frequently to adapt to the dynamic network environment, which causes extra energy consumption. Energy consumption can be reduced by predicting the future activity of primary users. However, the traditional prediction-based algorithms require large historical data to achieve a satisfying precision accuracy which will consume a lot of time and memory space.… More >

Gulzar Mehmood¹, Muhammad Zahid Khan¹, Muhammad Fayaz², Mohammad Faisal¹, Haseeb Ur Rahman¹, Jeonghwan Gwak^3,4,5,6,*

CMC-Computers, Materials & Continua, Vol.70, No.3, pp. 5929-5948, 2022, DOI:10.32604/cmc.2022.020546

Abstract Due to the advancement in wireless technology and miniaturization, Wireless Body Area Networks (WBANs) have gained enormous popularity, having various applications, especially in the healthcare sector. WBANs are intrinsically resource-constrained; therefore, they have specific design and development requirements. One such highly desirable requirement is an energy-efficient and reliable Data Aggregation (DA) mechanism for WBANs. The efficient and reliable DA may ultimately push the network to operate without much human intervention and further extend the network lifetime. The conventional client-server DA paradigm becomes unsuitable and inefficient for WBANs when a large amount of data is generated in the network. Similarly, in… More >

Sangeetha Ganesan^*, Sumathi Ganesan

Intelligent Automation & Soft Computing, Vol.30, No.2, pp. 387-401, 2021, DOI:10.32604/iasc.2021.019024

Abstract Cloud Computing has been economically famous for sharing the resources of third-party applications. There may be an increase in the exploitation of the prevailing Cloud resources and their vulnerabilities as a result of the aggressive growth of Cloud Computing. In the Cache Side Channel Attack (CSCA), the attackers can leak sensitive information of a Virtual Machine (VM) which is co-located in a physical machine due to inadequate logical isolation. The Cloud Service Provider (CSP) has to modify either at the hardware level to isolate their VM or at the software, level to isolate their applications. The hardware isolation requires changes… More >

Qian Sun^1,2, Gongxue Cheng^1,2, Xiaoyi Wang^1,2,*, Jiping Xu^1,2, Li Wang^1,2, Huiyan Zhang^1,2, Jiabin Yu^1,2, Ning Cao³, Ruichao Wang⁴

CMC-Computers, Materials & Continua, Vol.69, No.2, pp. 2749-2759, 2021, DOI:10.32604/cmc.2021.018633

Abstract Water quality sensor networks are widely used in water resource monitoring. However, due to the fact that the energy of these networks cannot be supplemented in time, it is necessary to study effective routing protocols to extend their lifecycle. To address the problem of limited resources, a routing optimization algorithm based on a small-world network model is proposed. In this paper, a small-world network model is introduced for water quality sensor networks, in which the short average path and large clustering coefficient of the model are used to construct a super link. A short average path can reduce the network’s… More >

Sankar Sennan¹, Somula Ramasubbareddy², Anand Nayyar^3,4, Yunyoung Nam^5,*, Mohamed Abouhawwash^6,7

CMC-Computers, Materials & Continua, Vol.69, No.1, pp. 351-371, 2021, DOI:10.32604/cmc.2021.017360

Abstract Energy conservation is a significant task in the Internet of Things (IoT) because IoT involves highly resource-constrained devices. Clustering is an effective technique for saving energy by reducing duplicate data. In a clustering protocol, the selection of a cluster head (CH) plays a key role in prolonging the lifetime of a network. However, most cluster-based protocols, including routing protocols for low-power and lossy networks (RPLs), have used fuzzy logic and probabilistic approaches to select the CH node. Consequently, early battery depletion is produced near the sink. To overcome this issue, a lion optimization algorithm (LOA) for selecting CH in RPL… More >

Qian Sun^1,2, Zhiping Shen^1,2, Jinglin Liang^1,2, Xiaoyi Wang^1,2,*, Jiping Xu^1,2, Li Wang^1,2, Huiyan Zhang^1,2, Jiabin Yu^1,2, Ning Cao³, Ruichao Wang⁴

CMC-Computers, Materials & Continua, Vol.68, No.3, pp. 3967-3977, 2021, DOI:10.32604/cmc.2021.017252

Abstract Water quality sensor networks are promising tools for the exploration of oceans. Some key areas need to be monitored effectively. Water quality sensors are deployed randomly or uniformly, however, and understanding how to deploy sensor nodes reasonably and realize effective monitoring of key areas on the basis of monitoring the whole area is an urgent problem to be solved. Additionally, energy is limited in water quality sensor networks. When moving sensor nodes, we should extend the life cycle of the sensor networks as much as possible. In this study, sensor nodes in non-key monitored areas are moved to key areas.… More >