A. M. Abdullah¹, Hegazy Rezk^2,3,*, A. Hadad¹, Mohamed K. Hassan^1,4, A. F. Mohamed^1,5

Intelligent Automation & Soft Computing, Vol.29, No.2, pp. 619-631, 2021, DOI:10.32604/iasc.2021.018289

Abstract The problem of parameter estimation of the proton exchange membrane fuel cell (PEMFC) model plays a significant role in the simulation and optimization of a PEMFC system. In the current research, a moth flame optimization algorithm (MFOA) is used to identify the best parameters of PEMFC. Two different PEMFCs, Nedstack PS6, 6 kW, and SR-12 PEM 500 W are used to demonstrate the accuracy of the MFOA. Throughout the optimization process, seven unidentified parameters (℥₁, ℥₂, ℥₃, ℥₄, λ, ℛ, and B) of PEMFC are appointed to be decision variables. The fitness function, which needed to be minimum, is represented… More >

Hegazy Rezk^1,2,*, Ahmed Fathy^3,4, Mokhtar Aly^5,6, Mohamed N. Ibrahim^7,8,9

CMC-Computers, Materials & Continua, Vol.67, No.2, pp. 2271-2281, 2021, DOI:10.32604/cmc.2021.014590

Abstract Hydrocarbons, carbon monoxide and other pollutants from the transportation sector harm human health in many ways. Fuel cell (FC) has been evolving rapidly over the past two decades due to its efficient mechanism to transform the chemical energy in hydrogen-rich compounds into electrical energy. The main drawback of the standalone FC is its slow dynamic response and its inability to supply rapid variations in the load demand. Therefore, adding energy storage systems is necessary. However, to manage and distribute the power-sharing among the hybrid proton exchange membrane (PEM) fuel cell (FC), battery storage (BS), and supercapacitor (SC), an energy management… More >

Nishit Savla¹, Raksha Anand², Soumya Pandit^2,*, Ram Prasad^3,*

Journal of Renewable Materials, Vol.8, No.12, pp. 1581-1605, 2020, DOI:10.32604/jrm.2020.011803

Abstract Microbial fuel cells (MFCs) are an attractive innovation at the nexus of energy and water security for the future. MFC utilizes electrochemically active microorganisms to oxidize biodegradable substrates and generate bioelectricity in a single step. The material of the anode plays a vital role in increasing the MFC’s power output. The anode in MFC can be upgraded using nanomaterials providing benefits of exceptional physicochemical properties. The nanomaterials in anode gives a high surface area, improved electron transfer promotes electroactive biofilm. Enhanced power output in terms of Direct current (DC) can be obtained as the consequence of improved microbe-electrode interaction. However,… More >

C. González-Guisasola¹, O. Gil-Castell^1,2, R. Teruel-Juanes¹, A. Ribes-Greus^1,*

Journal of Renewable Materials, Vol.8, No.9, pp. 1171-1180, 2020, DOI:10.32604/jrm.2020.04399

Abstract Composite polymer electrolyte membranes were prepared with poly (vinyl alcohol) (PVA). Two different molecular weight (M_w), 67·10³ and 130·10³ g·mol⁻¹ were selected, cross-linked with sulfosuccinic acid (SSA) and doped graphene oxide (GO). The effects on the membranes obtained from these polymers were characterized in order to evaluate the fuel cell performance. Electron microscopy showed a proper nanoparticle distribution in the polymer matrix. The chemical structure was evaluated by Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy. The absence of a crystalline structure and the enhancement on the thermal stability with the addition of 1% of GO was demonstrated by thermal characterization. Total transference number… More >

Mahmoud MOUSTAFA^1,2*, Tarek TAHA³, Mohamed ELNOUBY⁴, M.A. ABU-SAIED⁵, Ali SHATI¹, Mohamed AL-KAHTANI¹, Sulaiman ALRUMMAN¹

BIOCELL, Vol.42, No.1, pp. 7-12, 2018, DOI:10.32604/biocell.2018.07002

Abstract Many recent studies are concerned with low cost, easy to handle and alternative renewable energy as a feasible solution for the upcoming crisis of energy shortage. Microalgae are unicellular entities the can only depend on CO2, water and solar power to cover their nutritional needs. The current study is concerned with using algal cells in a polymeric hydrogel, as a cheap source of energy for electricity generation. Chlorella vulgaris has been proved to be a promising algal species for electricity generation, as compared with Micractinium reisseri. PVA hydrogel has been used for the immobilization of both algal species in order… More >

Mrs.Alice Chia-Mei Liu, Dr.Chang-Chung Yang, Mr.Sheng-Yuan Huang

The International Conference on Computational & Experimental Engineering and Sciences, Vol.17, No.3, pp. 95-96, 2011, DOI:10.3970/icces.2011.017.095

Abstract Fuel cell technology one of the hottest topics in the green energy industry and has become a popular topic in most of the international green energy symposiums. In the meantime,the development of the fuel cell industry has been recognized as one of the key rising industries in Taiwan. Since 2009,the Industrial Technology Research Institute(ITRI) has collaborated with Chung-Hua Institution for Economic Research(CIER) for implementing the fuel cell demonstration and promotion programs which are supported by the Bureau of Energy, Ministry of Economic Affairs. This program focuses on three major areas for application of fuel cells:backup power supply,ordinary power supply, and… More >

Jiarong Liang¹, Yinshi Li^1,2,*, Jinghui Jiang¹

The International Conference on Computational & Experimental Engineering and Sciences, Vol.22, No.3, pp. 168-168, 2019, DOI:10.32604/icces.2019.05679

Abstract Designing cost-effective electrodes is essential to the development of proton exchange membrane fuel cells (PEMFCs). Therein, the highly ordered electrode has been proved to be effective by reducing Pt loading. To insight into the enhancement mechanism of ordered membrane electrode assembly (OMEA), in this work, a two-dimensional steady-state multicomponent mass-transport model is developed, in which a cylindrical structure model is adapted to account for the diffusion characteristics of reactants in ordered catalyst layer. Moreover, the overpotential corresponding to mass and charge transport limitations are calculated in this model based on concentration distribution and Ohm’s law, respectively. The numerical model result… More >

Jinghui Jiang¹, Yinshi Li^1,2,*, Jiarong Liang¹, Huaxing Xu¹

The International Conference on Computational & Experimental Engineering and Sciences, Vol.22, No.3, pp. 159-159, 2019, DOI:10.32604/icces.2019.05378

Abstract Water flooding in the cathode is considered as one of the most important factors that impede the performance of direct methanol fuel cells (DMFCs) during the operation of high current density. Therefore, it is essential to study water management of cathode in DMFC. In this work, a two-dimensional, steady-state, two-phase, mass-transport model of DMFC with micro-porous layer (MPL) was developed considering methanol crossover and water crossover processes. Emphasis is placed on investigating parameter design of cathode to relieve flooding in DMFC, further to improve cell performance. The effects of MPL parameters, including porosity and thickness, on water distribution in cathode… More >

Keerasut Suttanarak¹, Nirut Naksuk², Jarruwat Charoensuk¹

The International Conference on Computational & Experimental Engineering and Sciences, Vol.10, No.2, pp. 87-88, 2009, DOI:10.3970/icces.2009.010.087

Abstract The water management in Proton Exchange Membrane (PEMFC) is crucial in operating PEMFC system concerning water balance between electrode and membrane. Improper cell humidification might lead to drying or flooding of the electrodes, which degrades cell performance. In this research, effects of gas humidification are studied to aid a system designer in achieving the optimal condition of fuel cell system. The investigation takes into account the conservation of mass, momentum, energy and species as well as the water transport equations including electro-osmotic drag and back diffusion through numerical simulation. More >

O. Gil-Castell^1,2, R. Cerveró¹, R. Teruel-Juanes¹, J. D. Badia^1,2, A. Ribes-Greus^1,*

Journal of Renewable Materials, Vol.7, No.7, pp. 655-665, 2019, DOI:10.32604/jrm.2019.04401

Abstract Crosslinked poly(vinyl alcohol) (PVA) based composite films were prepared as polyelectrolyte membranes for low temperature direct ethanol fuel cells (DEFC). The membranes were functionalised by means of the addition of graphene oxide (GO) and sulfonated graphene oxide (SGO) and crosslinked with sulfosuccinic acid (SSA). The chemical structure was corroborated and suitable thermal properties were found. Although the addition of GO and SGO slightly decreased the proton conductivity of the membranes, a significant reduction of the ethanol solution swelling and crossover was encountered, more relevant for those functionalised with SGO. In general, the composite membranes were stable under simulated service conditions.… More >