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  • Open Access

    ARTICLE

    Beetosan-Based Hydrogels Modified with Natural Substances

    Bożena Tyliszczak1, Anna Drabczyk2*, Sonia Kudłacik2, Agnieszka Sobczak-Kupiec2

    Journal of Renewable Materials, Vol.5, No.3-4, pp. 174-179, 2017, DOI:10.7569/JRM.2017.634107

    Abstract In this study a series of hydrogels based on Beetosan® and containing natural substances, such as bee pollen and sage (Salvia officinalis), have been prepared. Beetosan is a type of chitosan that is obtained from the external skeletons of naturally occurring dead honeybees. In multistage chemical treatment, dead insect waste is converted into chitosan that is used in research as a hydrogel matrix. Prepared materials were synthesized using photopolymerization. Studies on the obtained hydrogels included determining their swelling ability and behavior in a simulated body fluid environment, as well as determining their chemical structure by More >

  • Open Access

    ARTICLE

    Polymers from Biobased-Monomers: Macroporous Itaconic Xerogels Prepared in Deep Eutectic Solvents

    Szczepan Bednarz*, Angelika Wesołowska, Magdalena Trątnowiecka, Dariusz Bogdał

    Journal of Renewable Materials, Vol.4, No.1, pp. 18-23, 2016, DOI:10.7569/JRM.2015.634131

    Abstract New methods of preparation of crosslinked polymers from itaconic acid as a renewable monomer have been explored. Synthesis of hydrogels and xerogels from the acid in deep eutectic solvents (DESs) are described and some basic properties of the materials are reported. Most importantly, a surfactant-free method of creation of macroporous poly(itaconic-co-bisacrylamide) by phase separation polymerization in binary mixture of the DES and poly(ethylene glycol) is demonstrated. More >

  • Open Access

    ARTICLE

    A Finite Element Procedure for Analysis of Chemo-Mechanical Coupling Behavior of Hydrogels

    Wei Wei1,2, Qingsheng Yang1,3

    CMES-Computer Modeling in Engineering & Sciences, Vol.112, No.1, pp. 33-58, 2016, DOI:10.3970/cmes.2016.112.033

    Abstract Chemo-mechanical coupling behavior of materials is a transformation process between mechanical and chemical energy. In this paper, based on the coupled chemo-mechanical constitutive equations and governing equations during isothermal process, the equivalent integral forms of chemo-mechanical coupling governing equations and corresponding finite element procedure are obtained by using Hamilton's principle. An isoparametric plane element for chemo-mechanical coupling is associated into ABAQUS finite element package through user element subroutine UEL. The numerical examples exhibit that the ionic concentration variation can cause mechanical deformation and mechanical action can produce redistribution of ionic concentration for hydrogels. It is More >

  • Open Access

    REVIEW

    Cellulose Nanofi brils: From Strong Materials to Bioactive Surfaces**

    Yanxia Zhang1, Tiina Nypelö1,*, Carlos Salas1, Julio Arboleda1, Ingrid C. Hoeger1,*, Orlando J. Rojas1,2,*

    Journal of Renewable Materials, Vol.1, No.3, pp. 195-211, 2013, DOI:10.7569/JRM.2013.634115

    Abstract Cellulose nanofi brils (CNF), also known as nanofi brillar cellulose (NFC), are an advanced biomaterial made mainly from renewable forest and agricultural resources that have demonstrated exceptional performance in composites. In addition, they have been utilized in barrier coatings, food, transparent fl exible fi lms and other applications. Research on CNF has advanced rapidly over the last decade and several of the fundamental questions about production and characterization of CNF have been addressed. An interesting shift in focus in the recent reported literature indicates increased efforts aimed at taking advantage of the unique properties of More >

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