Anil Kapoor

Canadian Journal of Urology, Vol.19, Suppl.5, pp. 10-17, 2012

Abstract Benign prostate hyperplasia (BPH) occurs in up to 50% of men by age 50, and the incidence increases with age. This common clinical problem is diagnosed by history, including the International Prostate Symptom Score (IPSS) questionnaire, and physical examination by digital rectal examination (DRE).
Initial management for BPH includes lifestyle modification, and smooth muscle relaxant alpha blocker therapy. Alpha blockers usually take effect quickly within 3-5 days, and have minimal side effects. Current commonly used alpha blockers include the selective alpha blockers tamsulosin (Flomax), alfusosin (Xatral), and silodosin (Rapaflo). For patients with larger prostates, the… More >

Stephen Faddegon, Sara L. Best, Ephrem O. Olweny, Yung K. Tan, Samuel K. Park, Saad A. Mir, Jeffrey A. Cadeddu

Canadian Journal of Urology, Vol.19, No.3, pp. 6274-6279, 2012

Abstract Introduction: Growing evidence suggests that phosphodiesterase-5 inhibitors may mitigate ischemia-related renal damage through multiple mechanisms. We evaluated the role of tadalafil in renal function preservation during experimentally induced ischemia/reperfusion injury (IRI) in a solitary kidney porcine model.
Materials and methods: Ten adult female pigs underwent left laparoscopic nephrectomy followed by a 1 week recovery period. They were then randomized to tadalafil versus no treatment prior to cross-clamping the contralateral renal hilum for 90 minutes. The experimental group received 40 mg tadalafil in two equally divided doses, 12 hours before and just prior to surgery. Serum creatinine for… More >

Nathalie Cathala¹, Annick Mombet¹, Rafael Sanchez-Salas¹, Francois Rozet¹, Eric Barret¹, Francois Giuliano², Marc Galiano¹, Dominique Prapotnich¹, Amir Kazzazi³, Bob Djavan³, Jamison Jaffe¹, Xavier Cathelineau¹, Guy Vallancien¹

Canadian Journal of Urology, Vol.19, No.4, pp. 6328-6335, 2012

Abstract Introduction: To evaluate erectile function among men who had undergone laparoscopic radical prostatectomy and received postoperative medical therapy for erectile dysfunction.
Materials and methods: We performed a prospective study in men who underwent laparoscopic radical prostatectomy between September 2003 and November 2005 at our center and who received penile rehabilitation after surgery. All patients had antegrade interfascial dissection. They received 10 mg tadalafil on the fifth postoperative day and continued to receive it every other day, regardless of erectile function. Intracavernous injection of alprostadil was initiated at 3 or 6 months depending on response to treatment with… More >

Daniel Canter, Alexander Kutikov, Konstantin Golovine, Petr Makhov, Jay Simhan, Robert G. Uzzo, Vladimir M. Kolenko

Canadian Journal of Urology, Vol.18, No.4, pp. 5819-5825, 2011

Abstract Objectives: We examined the in vitro cellular effects of the multi-targeted receptor tyrosine kinase inhibitors (TKIs) sunitinib and pazopanib on a series of human renal cell carcinoma (RCC) cell lines.
Methods: The human RCC cell lines 769-P, 786-O, HRC-24, HRC-31, HRC-45, HRC-78, SK-26B, and SK-45 were treated with varying concentrations of sunitinib and pazopanib. Cellular proliferation and cell death were assessed using the CellTiter-Blue Cell Viability Assay and the TUNEL assay, respectively. Effective doses (ED) for inhibition of cellular proliferation or induction of apoptosis were calculated for both sunitinib and pazopanib in each RCC cell line.
Results: Both… More >

Benoit Massonnet^1,6,*, Sylvain Normand^1,*, Reinhard Moschitz¹, Adriana Delwail¹, Laure Favot¹, Martine Garcia¹, Nicolas Bourmeyster², Laurence Cuisset³, Gilles Grateau⁴, Franck Morel¹, Christine Silvain^1,5, Jean-Claude Lecron^1,6

European Cytokine Network, Vol.20, No.3, pp. 112-120, 2009, DOI:10.1684/ecn.2009.0162

Abstract Objective. The effects of statins (3-hydroxy-3-methylglutaryl coenzyme A reductase-HMGR-inhibitors) on the inflammatory response remain unclear. HMGR is implicated in the mevalonate path-way, directly upstream of cholesterol biosynthesis. We studied the impairment by this pathway of cytokine pro-duction by peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMCs) and THP-1 cells. The aim was to identify a specific cytokine “signature” of cells under simvastatin treatment in order to link pharmacological inhibition of the mevalonate pathway and inflammation. Methods. Normal human PBMCs and THP-1 cells were cultured with inhibitors of HMGR (simvastatin), geranylgeranyltransferase (GGTI-298), farnesyltransferase (FTI-277), and/or caspase-1 (Z-VAD(Ome)-FMK). Following culture,… More >

Ammar Hameed¹, Ali Thwaini^1,2, Zeeshan Aslam¹, Iqbal Shergill¹, Raed Ahmed³, Ghada Yahia³, Donald Morgan²

Canadian Journal of Urology, Vol.16, No.1, pp. 4478-4483, 2009

Abstract Objectives: To assess the relation of sex hormone levels in men, as measured by Free Androgen Index (FAI), with severity of erectile dysfunction (ED) and with their response to treatment.
Methods: We retrospectively reviewed the medical records of men who consecutively attended the urology clinic with the complaint of ED between March 2004 and October 2007. The Sexual Health Inventory for Men (SHIM) score was used as the main outcome measure in this study, and its variation was tested by certain variables using the Epi Info software.
Results: A total of 150 men were studied. The majority of… More >

James C. Brien, JC Trussell

Canadian Journal of Urology, Vol.15, Suppl.4, pp. 63-70, 2008

Abstract Introduction: Erectile dysfunction (ED) affects more than half of men between the ages of 40 and 70 years and is associated with a significant decline in quality of life. ED in an otherwise healthy man should be considered a sentinel event for endothelial dysfunction and cardiovascular disease. Such a person should be carefully evaluated for undiagnosed risk factors including hypertension, diabetes, lipid disorders, and obesity.
Objective: To understand that erectile dysfunction is prevalent and may be the first sign of undiagnosed cardiovascular risk factors.
Materials and methods: Literature review.
Results: Current literature suggests that physicians should screen all men More >

IVÓN TERESA NOVAK, HUMBERTO RAMÓN CABRAL

BIOCELL, Vol.32, No.2, pp. 169-174, 2008, DOI:10.32604/biocell.2008.32.169

Abstract We had previously found in autologous human leukocyte cultures, in which dead neutrophils phagocytosis by macrophages occur, macrophages and T CD4 lymphocytes perform a selective cell-cell interaction showing many figures of either one, two or several T- lymphocytes adhering to a central macrophage were seen. Considering that antigen presentation would be necessary for the formation of these immune synapses, we attempted to block rosette formation (i.e., the formation of macrophage associations with at least three lymphocytes) by interfering with both antigen processing and presentation. Culture samples of autologous leukocytes from 7 healthy donors were subjected More >

Anthony J. Bella¹, William O. Brant¹, Tom F. Lue¹, Gerald B. Brock²

Canadian Journal of Urology, Vol.13, No.5, pp. 3233-3238, 2006

Abstract Objective: To determine whether a causative relationship exists between non-arteritic anterior ischemic optic neuropathy (NAION) and the use of phosphodiesterase-5 (PDE-5) inhibitors for the treatment of erectile dysfunction.
Methods: A comprehensive review of the literature was performed to identify the contemporary understanding of NAION pathophysiology, epidemiology, and occurrence in men using the oral PDE-5 inhibitors sildenafil (Viagra, Pfizer), vardenafil (Levitra, Bayer AG), and tadalafil (Cialis, Lilly-ICOS LLC) for the treatment of erectile dysfunction.
Results: NAION is the second most common acquired optic neuropathy in men aged 50 years and older. Risk factors for NAION, cardiovascular disease, and… More >

J. Curtis Nickel¹, Fred Saad²

Canadian Journal of Urology, Vol.11, No.2, pp. 2186-2193, 2004

Abstract The 2003 American Urological Association (AUA) guideline on management of benign prostatic hyperplasia (BPH) was released at the AUA annual meeting in Chicago, April 2003 and the diagnosis and treatment recommendations were published later in 2003. It is likely that the 2003 AUA guideline on the management of BPH will have a profound effect on clinical urologic practice in the USA, but its influence on Canadian urological practice will be different because of our socialized medical system, manpower issues, availability of expensive technology and our unique Canadian perspective. The authors review the 2003 AUA guideline More >