Simon Crase^1,2, Benjamin Hall², Suresh N. Thennadil^3,*

CMC-Computers, Materials & Continua, Vol.69, No.2, pp. 1945-1965, 2021, DOI:10.32604/cmc.2021.018517 - 21 July 2021

Abstract Supervised machine learning techniques have become well established in the study of spectroscopy data. However, the unsupervised learning technique of cluster analysis hasn’t reached the same level maturity in chemometric analysis. This paper surveys recent studies which apply cluster analysis to NIR and IR spectroscopy data. In addition, we summarize the current practices in cluster analysis of spectroscopy and contrast these with cluster analysis literature from the machine learning and pattern recognition domain. This includes practices in data pre-processing, feature extraction, clustering distance metrics, clustering algorithms and validation techniques. Special consideration is given to the More >

Amr Hefny¹, Aboul Ella Hassanien², Sameh H. Basha^1,*

CMC-Computers, Materials & Continua, Vol.69, No.2, pp. 2367-2386, 2021, DOI:10.32604/cmc.2021.018017 - 21 July 2021

Abstract Identity verification using authenticity evaluation of handwritten signatures is an important issue. There have been several approaches for the verification of signatures using dynamics of the signing process. Most of these approaches extract only global characteristics. With the aim of capturing both dynamic global and local features, this paper introduces a novel model for verifying handwritten dynamic signatures using neutrosophic rule-based verification system (NRVS) and Genetic NRVS (GNRVS) models. The neutrosophic Logic is structured to reflect multiple types of knowledge and relations among all features using three values: truth, indeterminacy, and falsity. These three values More >

Naglaa F. Soliman^1,2, Abeer D. Algarni^1,*, Walid El-Shafai³, Fathi E. Abd El-Samie^1,3, Ghada M. El Banby⁴

CMC-Computers, Materials & Continua, Vol.69, No.2, pp. 1571-1595, 2021, DOI:10.32604/cmc.2021.016980 - 21 July 2021

Abstract Cancelable biometrics are required in most remote access applications that need an authentication stage such as the cloud and Internet of Things (IoT) networks. The objective of using cancelable biometrics is to save the original ones from hacking attempts. A generalized algorithm to generate cancelable templates that is applicable on both single and multiple biometrics is proposed in this paper to be considered for cloud and IoT applications. The original biometric is blurred with two co-prime operators. Hence, it can be recovered as the Greatest Common Divisor (GCD) between its two blurred versions. Minimal changes… More >

Bushra Mumtaz¹, Summrina Kanwal^2,*, Sultan Alamri², Faiza Khan¹

Intelligent Automation & Soft Computing, Vol.29, No.3, pp. 669-684, 2021, DOI:10.32604/iasc.2021.018405 - 01 July 2021

Abstract Software Defect Prediction (SDP) is a dynamic research field in the software industry. A quality software product results in customer satisfaction. However, the higher the number of user requirements, the more complex will be the software, with a correspondingly higher probability of failure. SDP is a challenging task requiring smart algorithms that can estimate the quality of a software component before it is handed over to the end-user. In this paper, we propose a hybrid approach to address this particular issue. Our approach combines the feature selection capability of the Optimized Artificial Immune Networks (Opt-aiNet) More >

Adnan Bin Amanat Ali¹, Vasaki Ponnusamy¹, Anbuselvan Sangodiah¹, Roobaea Alroobaea², N. Z. Jhanjhi^3,*, Uttam Ghosh⁴, Mehedi Masud²

Intelligent Automation & Soft Computing, Vol.29, No.2, pp. 571-585, 2021, DOI:10.32604/iasc.2021.015913 - 16 June 2021

Abstract Most smartphone users prefer easy and convenient authentication without remembering complicated passwords or drawing intricate patterns. Preferably, after one-time authentication, there is no verification of the user’s authenticity. Therefore, security and privacy against unauthorized users is a crucial research area. Behavioral authentication is an emerging security technique that is gaining attention for its uniqueness and transparency. In this paper, a behavior-based authentication system is built using swipe movements to continuously authenticate the user after one-time traditional authentication. The key feature is the selection of an optimal feature set for the swipe movement. Five machine learning More >

Rohit Srivastava¹, Ravi Tomar¹, Ashutosh Sharma², Gaurav Dhiman³, Naveen Chilamkurti⁴, Byung-Gyu Kim^5,*

CMC-Computers, Materials & Continua, Vol.69, No.1, pp. 1-19, 2021, DOI:10.32604/cmc.2021.015466 - 04 June 2021

Abstract As multimedia data sharing increases, data security in mobile devices and its mechanism can be seen as critical. Biometrics combines the physiological and behavioral qualities of an individual to validate their character in real-time. Humans incorporate physiological attributes like a fingerprint, face, iris, palm print, finger knuckle print, Deoxyribonucleic Acid (DNA), and behavioral qualities like walk, voice, mark, or keystroke. The main goal of this paper is to design a robust framework for automatic face recognition. Scale Invariant Feature Transform (SIFT) and Speeded-up Robust Features (SURF) are employed for face recognition. Also, we propose a… More >

Muhammad Shaheen^1,*, Ali Ahsan², Saeed Iqbal³

Intelligent Automation & Soft Computing, Vol.28, No.3, pp. 873-885, 2021, DOI:10.32604/iasc.2021.016622 - 20 April 2021

Abstract While there are several Scientometrics that can be used to assess the quality of the scientific work published in journals and conferences, yet; their validity and suitability is a great concern for stakeholders from both academia and industry. Different organizations have a different set of criteria for assessing the journals publishing scientific content. This is mostly based on the information generated from Scientometrics. A unified journal ranking system is therefore required that is acceptable to all concerned. This paper, collects data concerning Scientometrics for unified assessment of journals and proposes a mechanism of assessment using… More >

Moatasem M. Draz¹, Marwa S. Farhan^2,3,*, Sarah N. Abdulkader^4,5, M. G. Gafar^6,7

CMC-Computers, Materials & Continua, Vol.68, No.2, pp. 1919-1935, 2021, DOI:10.32604/cmc.2021.015586 - 13 April 2021

Abstract Software systems have been employed in many fields as a means to reduce human efforts; consequently, stakeholders are interested in more updates of their capabilities. Code smells arise as one of the obstacles in the software industry. They are characteristics of software source code that indicate a deeper problem in design. These smells appear not only in the design but also in software implementation. Code smells introduce bugs, affect software maintainability, and lead to higher maintenance costs. Uncovering code smells can be formulated as an optimization problem of finding the best detection rules. Although researchers… More >

Ayesha Riaz¹, Naveed Riaz¹, Awais Mahmood^2,*, Sajid Ali Khan³, Imran Mahmood¹, Omar Almutiry², Habib Dhahri²

CMC-Computers, Materials & Continua, Vol.67, No.3, pp. 2747-2764, 2021, DOI:10.32604/cmc.2021.014418 - 01 March 2021

Abstract The COVID-19 outbreak and its medical distancing phenomenon have effectively turned the global healthcare challenge into an opportunity for Telecare Medical Information Systems. Such systems employ the latest mobile and digital technologies and provide several advantages like minimal physical contact between patient and healthcare provider, easy mobility, easy access, consistent patient engagement, and cost-effectiveness. Any leakage or unauthorized access to users’ medical data can have serious consequences for any medical information system. The majority of such systems thus rely on biometrics for authenticated access but biometric systems are also prone to a variety of attacks… More >

Mohammed Alshehri^1,*, Purushottam Sharma², Richa Sharma², Osama Alfarraj³

CMC-Computers, Materials & Continua, Vol.66, No.3, pp. 2525-2538, 2021, DOI:10.32604/cmc.2021.012469 - 28 December 2020

Abstract Sensors and physical activity evaluation are quite limited for motion-based commercial devices. Sometimes the accelerometer of the smartwatch is utilized; walking is investigated. The combination can perform better in terms of sensors and that can be determined by sensors on both the smartwatch and phones, i.e., accelerometer and gyroscope. For biometric efficiency, some of the diverse activities of daily routine have been evaluated, also with biometric authentication. The result shows that using the different computing techniques in phones and watch for biometric can provide a suitable output based on the mentioned activities. This indicates that… More >