Moatasem M. Draz¹, Marwa S. Farhan^2,3,*, Sarah N. Abdulkader^4,5, M. G. Gafar^6,7

CMC-Computers, Materials & Continua, Vol.68, No.2, pp. 1919-1935, 2021, DOI:10.32604/cmc.2021.015586 - 13 April 2021

Abstract Software systems have been employed in many fields as a means to reduce human efforts; consequently, stakeholders are interested in more updates of their capabilities. Code smells arise as one of the obstacles in the software industry. They are characteristics of software source code that indicate a deeper problem in design. These smells appear not only in the design but also in software implementation. Code smells introduce bugs, affect software maintainability, and lead to higher maintenance costs. Uncovering code smells can be formulated as an optimization problem of finding the best detection rules. Although researchers… More >

Ayesha Riaz¹, Naveed Riaz¹, Awais Mahmood^2,*, Sajid Ali Khan³, Imran Mahmood¹, Omar Almutiry², Habib Dhahri²

CMC-Computers, Materials & Continua, Vol.67, No.3, pp. 2747-2764, 2021, DOI:10.32604/cmc.2021.014418 - 01 March 2021

Abstract The COVID-19 outbreak and its medical distancing phenomenon have effectively turned the global healthcare challenge into an opportunity for Telecare Medical Information Systems. Such systems employ the latest mobile and digital technologies and provide several advantages like minimal physical contact between patient and healthcare provider, easy mobility, easy access, consistent patient engagement, and cost-effectiveness. Any leakage or unauthorized access to users’ medical data can have serious consequences for any medical information system. The majority of such systems thus rely on biometrics for authenticated access but biometric systems are also prone to a variety of attacks… More >

Mohammed Alshehri^1,*, Purushottam Sharma², Richa Sharma², Osama Alfarraj³

CMC-Computers, Materials & Continua, Vol.66, No.3, pp. 2525-2538, 2021, DOI:10.32604/cmc.2021.012469 - 28 December 2020

Abstract Sensors and physical activity evaluation are quite limited for motion-based commercial devices. Sometimes the accelerometer of the smartwatch is utilized; walking is investigated. The combination can perform better in terms of sensors and that can be determined by sensors on both the smartwatch and phones, i.e., accelerometer and gyroscope. For biometric efficiency, some of the diverse activities of daily routine have been evaluated, also with biometric authentication. The result shows that using the different computing techniques in phones and watch for biometric can provide a suitable output based on the mentioned activities. This indicates that… More >

Rizwan Ali Naqvi¹, Dildar Hussain², Woong-Kee Loh^3,*

CMC-Computers, Materials & Continua, Vol.66, No.1, pp. 715-732, 2021, DOI:10.32604/cmc.2020.013249 - 30 October 2020

Abstract Multiple ocular region segmentation plays an important role in different applications such as biometrics, liveness detection, healthcare, and gaze estimation. Typically, segmentation techniques focus on a single region of the eye at a time. Despite the number of obvious advantages, very limited research has focused on multiple regions of the eye. Similarly, accurate segmentation of multiple eye regions is necessary in challenging scenarios involving blur, ghost effects low resolution, off-angles, and unusual glints. Currently, the available segmentation methods cannot address these constraints. In this paper, to address the accurate segmentation of multiple eye regions in… More >

Purvashi Baynath, Sunjiv Soyjaudah, Maleika Heenaye-Mamode Khan

Intelligent Automation & Soft Computing, Vol.25, No.4, pp. 651-661, 2019, DOI:10.31209/2018.100000060

Abstract The goal of this paper is (i) adopt fusion of features (ii) determine the best method of feature selection technique among ant Colony optimisation, artificial bee colony optimisation and genetic algorithm. The experimental results reported that ant colony Optimisation is a promising techniques as feature selection on Keystroke Dynamics as it outperforms in terms of recognition rate for our inbuilt database where the distance between the keys has been considered for the password derivation with recognition rate 97.85%. Finally the results have shown that a small improvement is obtained by fused features, which suggest that More >

Gyu Ho Choi^a, Jae Hyo Jung^b, Hae Min Moon^c, Youn Tae Kim^b, Sung Bum Pan^c

Intelligent Automation & Soft Computing, Vol.25, No.1, pp. 193-204, 2019, DOI:10.31209/2018.100000055

Abstract Recently, ECG-based user authentication technology, which is strong against forgery and falsification, has been actively studied compared to fingerprint and face authentication. It is impossible to measure the open ECG DB measured with expensive medical equipment in daily living, and the ECG measured with the developed device for easy ECG measurement has much noise. In this paper, we developed a device that easily measures the ECG for user authentication in everyday life, measured the ECG through the development equipment, adjusted the baseline correction of the measured ECG, extracted it from the adjusted ECG do. The More >

Yu Sun^1,2,*, Qiyuan Gao³, Xiaofan Du³, Zhao Gu³

CMC-Computers, Materials & Continua, Vol.61, No.3, pp. 1365-1375, 2019, DOI:10.32604/cmc.2019.06294

Abstract In this advanced age, when smart phones are the norm, people utilize social networking, online shopping, and even private information storage through smart phones. As a result, identity authentication has become the most critical security activity in this period of the intelligent craze. By analyzing the shortcomings of the existing authentication methods, this paper proposes an identity authentication method based on the behavior of smartphone users. Firstly, the sensor data and touch-screen data of the smart phone users are collected through android programming. Secondly, the eigenvalues of this data are extracted and sent to the More >

Asaph Armando Jacinto*, Márcia Aparecida da Silva Spinacé*

Journal of Renewable Materials, Vol.7, No.5, pp. 429-440, 2019, DOI:10.32604/jrm.2019.04427

Abstract The nanocellulose is a material that has gained much attention in the recent years. So, the relevance of Brazil in this field was evaluated concerning the scientific publications in Web of Science. Next, the Brazilian groups were mapped using a bibliometric procedure on these data. Then, more factors were analyzed from them too. They were the sources to extract the nanocellulose in Brazil, the methods to do it, the characterizations to determine its dimensions and the funding agencies of these researches. The results identified 69 Brazilian groups. Besides, the bacterial cellulose was the most common More >

Liang Kou¹, Yiqi Shi², Liguo Zhang¹, Duo Liu^1,*, Qing Yang³

CMC-Computers, Materials & Continua, Vol.58, No.2, pp. 545-565, 2019, DOI:10.32604/cmc.2019.03760

Abstract With the development of computer hardware technology and network technology, the Internet of Things as the extension and expansion of traditional computing network has played an increasingly important role in all professions and trades and has had a tremendous impact on people lifestyle. The information perception of the Internet of Things plays a key role as a link between the computer world and the real world. However, there are potential security threats in the Perceptual Layer Network applied for information perception because Perceptual Layer Network consists of a large number of sensor nodes with weak More >

Tao Liu, Gan Huang^*, Ping Zhang

Intelligent Automation & Soft Computing, Vol.24, No.3, pp. 519-529, 2018, DOI:10.31209/2018.100000019

Abstract In this article, a new user authentication protocol using trust model, elliptic curve cryptography and biometrics for WSNs is submitted. The result of the trust model analysis indicates that the model can improve the model’s ability of withstanding attacks from the malicious nodes. The results of safety analysis and performance analysis for our proposed user authentication protocol demonstrate that this protocol can be flexible to all sorts of common known attacks and performs similarly or better compared with some active user authentication protocols. It is suitable for WSNs which have a prominent request for the More >