Apip Amrullah¹, Widya Fatriasari², Novia Amalia Sholeha³, Edy Hartulistiyoso⁴, Obie Farobie^4,*

Journal of Renewable Materials, Vol.12, No.6, pp. 1087-1102, 2024, DOI:10.32604/jrm.2024.050201 - 02 August 2024

Abstract The escalating demand for energy coupled with environmental concerns necessitates exploring sustainable alternatives to fossil fuels. The study explores the viability of using large ocean-based seaweeds as a source of third-generation biomass, specifically focusing on their conversion to biofuel via the process of pyrolysis. Sargassum plagiophyllum and Ulva lactuca represent prevalent forms of macroalgae, posing significant discharge challenges for coastal regions globally. However, the exploration of their potential for bio-oil generation via pyrolysis remains limited. This study investigates the pyrolysis process of S. plagiophyllum and U. lactuca for biofuel production, aiming to provide valuable insights into their utilization and… More > Graphic Abstract

Retno Asih^1,*, Haniffudin Nurdiansah², Mochamad Zainuri¹, Deni S. Khaerudini^3,4, Angelinus T. Setiawan⁴, A. Y. Dias⁴, Pudji Untoro^4,5, Ahmad Sholih¹, Darminto^1,*

Journal of Renewable Materials, Vol.12, No.5, pp. 969-979, 2024, DOI:10.32604/jrm.2024.049097 - 17 July 2024

Abstract Biomass has become of recent interest as a raw material for ‘green’ graphenic carbon (GC) since it promotes an environmentally friendly approach. Here, we investigate a single pyrolysis route to synthesize GC from coconut shells which provides a simple method and can produce a high yield, thus being convenient for large-scale production. The pyrolysis involves a stepped holding process at 350°C for 1 h and at 650°C or 900°C for 3 h. The GC sample resulted at the 900°C pyrolysis has a thinner sheet, a less porous structure, a higher C/O ratio, and an enhanced More > Graphic Abstract

Omojola Awogbemi^*, Ayotunde Adigun Ojo, Samson Adedayo Adeleye

Journal of Renewable Materials, Vol.12, No.1, pp. 1-28, 2024, DOI:10.32604/jrm.2023.045822 - 23 January 2024

Abstract The huge volumes of crop residues generated during the production, processing, and consumption of farm products constitute an ecological nuisance when ineffectively managed. The conversion of crop residues to green hydrogen is one of the sustainable management strategies for ubiquitous crop residues. Production of green hydrogen from crop residue sources will contribute to deepening access to clean and affordable energy, mitigating climate change, and ensuring environmental sustainability. However, the deployment of conventional thermochemical technologies for the conversion of crop residues to green hydrogen is costly, requires long residence time, produces low-quality products, and therefore needs… More >

R. S. Ali^a,*, H. S. Rasheed^b, N. F. Habubi^c, S. S. Chiad^b

Chalcogenide Letters, Vol.20, No.1, pp. 63-72, 2023, DOI:10.15251/CL.2023.201.63

Abstract A thin film of iron disulfide (FeS₂) and Mn-doped was prepared using the chemical spray pyrolysis (CSP) method at a constant temperature of the glass substrate at around 400 °C. According to XRD examination, films were structurally cubic oriented with a predominant planar orientation (201). The doping of Mn ions in the FeS₂ host matrix was confirmed by a minor shift of the diffraction peak towards the lower 2θ values. The surface of the produced film for pyrite was homogeneous, according to the AFM investigations. According to the XRD data, the predicted grain size altered as More >

R. S. Ali^a,*, H. S. Rasheed^b, N. D. Abdulameer^c, N. F. Habubi^d, S. S. Chiad^b

Chalcogenide Letters, Vol.20, No.3, pp. 187-196, 2023, DOI:10.15251/CL.2023.203.187

Abstract Chemical spray pyrolysis (CSP) was utilized to create pure Zinc Sulfide (ZnS) and magnesium (Mg) doped thin films on a clean glass substrate at a temperature equal to 400°C. X-ray diffraction test revealed a cubic wurtzite crystal structure with average crystallite sizes of 10.99 and 12.27 nm for ZnS and ZnS: Mg, respectively. XRD analysis of the doped films revealed a polycrystalline structure with a predominant peak along the (220) plane and additional peaks along the (111), (200), and (222) planes. The grain size raised from 10.99 to 12.27 nm as a result of the More >

R. Daira^a,*, B. Boudjemaa^b, A. Mohammedi^c

Chalcogenide Letters, Vol.20, No.4, pp. 277-284, 2023, DOI:10.15251/CL.2023.204.277

Abstract In this work, CuO thin films about the synthesis of the thin films are prepared on glass substrate using spray pyrolysis technique at room temperature different annealing times in temperature 450 0 C.In order to study the effect of annealing times onthe structural, optical and electrical properties.XRD analysis has shown that films with a polycrystalline structurehave a(Monoclinic) structure.In addition, the crystallite phase CuO increases with increasing of annealing temperature.Moreover, with a preferred orientation along (002) peak.The optical properties confirmed that the elaborated films have a transmittance of 70%. We have found that the band gap More >

A. Gahtar^a,*, C. Zaouche^b, A. Ammari^c,d, L. Dahbi^e

Chalcogenide Letters, Vol.20, No.5, pp. 377-385, 2023, DOI:10.15251/CL.2023.205.377

Abstract In this work, the bimetallic (Ni,Co) sulfide film of 852.213 nm thickness was successfully deposited using the spray pyrolysis technique at 300 °C. The compound was prepared with a mixture of nickel acetate (C₄H₆O₄Ni. 4H₂O), cobalt chloride (CoCl₂. 6H₂O), and thiourea (CS(NH₂)₂) as precursors for Ni, Co, and S, respectively. The temperature and sedimentation time were 300 °C and 10 min, respectively; the film was then, characterized without any thermal post-treatment. The structural, morphological, optical and electrical analysis were carried out to investigate the different properties of the material. The X-ray diffraction analysis confirmed the presence of NiCo₂S₄… More >

Z. Hadef^a,*, K. Kamli^a, O. Kamli^b, S. Labiod^a

Chalcogenide Letters, Vol.20, No.8, pp. 587-597, 2023, DOI:10.15251/CL.2023.208.587

Abstract Ultrasonic Spray Pyrolysis (USP) was used to deposited Co doped SnS₂ thin films on a glass substrate at different substrate temperatures (Ts = 350 °C, 375 °C, 400 °C, and 425 °C). DRX patterns shows that the synthesized films revealed a pure SnS2 phase with hexagonal structure. The mean crystalline grain sizes were showed an increasing– decreasing trend between 15.67 and 29.84 nm with an increment in the substrate temperature. The SEM images were significantly affected by the substrate temperature. Also, the optical band gap increases from 2.62 to 3.00 eV with the substrate temperatures increasing. More >

D. Dekhil^a,*, H. Guessas^a, A. Nouri^a, S. Ullah^b

Chalcogenide Letters, Vol.20, No.8, pp. 549-558, 2023, DOI:10.15251/CL.2023.208.549

Abstract SnS thin films were synthesized using the spray pyrolysis method and then annealed at 350, 400, and 450°C. According to the crystallographic analysis, the obtained SnS thin films crystallized in the polycrystalline orthorhombic system. The grains measured 47, 66, and 37 nm for the samples annealed at 350, 400, and 450°C, respectively. SEM and AFM images indicate that the samples’ surfaces were completely covered. Thus, the grains of SnS nanostructures have a granular-like shape and vary in size depending on the annealing temperatures. The transmittance measurement shows that annealing the sample at 400 °C extends… More >

J. M. Al Abbas^a,*, L. Al Taan^a, M. M. Uonis^b

Chalcogenide Letters, Vol.20, No.12, pp. 883-890, 2023, DOI:10.15251/CL.2023.2012.883

Abstract In this work, cadmium selenide (CdSe) thin films were deposited successfully by spray pyrolysis at different substrate temperatures. The influence of the preparation technique on the optical, morphological, and structural properties of the different substrate temperature CdSe films were investigated by using X-ray diffraction (XRD), scanning electron microscopy (SEM), and UV-Visible optical transmission. The XRD analysis reveals that CdSe thin film has hexagonal (wurtzite) and (cubic) crystal structures with different particle sizes depending on the substrate temperature. The SEM image shows uniform and adherent crystals. The optical energy gap was found to be in the More >