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  • Open Access

    PROCEEDINGS

    High-temperature Fatigue Performance of Laser Directed Energy Deposited Ni-Based Superalloy Under Different Heat Treatment

    Zhenan Zhao1,*, Weizhu Yang2,3, Lei Li2, Shouyi Sun2, Yan Zeng2

    The International Conference on Computational & Experimental Engineering and Sciences, Vol.25, No.3, pp. 1-2, 2023, DOI:10.32604/icces.2023.010342

    Abstract The hot section components are usually in service under cyclic loading in an extreme working environment with high rotational speed at high temperatures, which is prone to fatigue failure. It is reported that fatigue related failures have accounted for over 50% of all failures of hot section components. Consequently, fatigue related failure at high temperature is one of the most important factors that shortens the service life of hot section components. Ni-based superalloy GH4169, similar as Inconel 718 (IN718), is a γ′′ and γ′ precipitation strengthened alloy. For decades, GH4169 superalloy keeps being an important material in hot section components… More >

  • Open Access

    REVIEW

    Microglial TRPV1 in epilepsy: Is it druggable for new antiepileptic treatment?

    JIAO HU, JIALU MO, XIANGLIN CHENG*

    BIOCELL, Vol.47, No.8, pp. 1689-1701, 2023, DOI:10.32604/biocell.2023.029409

    Abstract Epilepsy is one of the most common neurological diseases worldwide with a high prevalence and unknown pathogenesis. Further, its control is challenging. It is generally accepted that an imbalance between the excitatory and inhibitory properties of the central nervous system (CNS) leads to a large number of abnormally synchronized neuronal discharges in the brain. Transient receptor potential vanilloid protein type 1 (TRPV1) is a non-selective cation channel that contributes to the regulation of the nervous system and influences the excitability of the nervous system. This includes the release of neurotransmitters, action potential generation due to alterations in ion channels, synaptic… More >

  • Open Access

    ARTICLE

    Enhancing Hydrocarbon-Rich Bio-Oil Production via Catalytic Pyrolysis Fortified with Microorganism Pretreatment

    Jiapeng Wang1, Bo Zhang1,*, Haoqiang Cheng1, Zhixiang Xu2

    Journal of Renewable Materials, Vol.11, No.10, pp. 3595-3612, 2023, DOI:10.32604/jrm.2023.030005

    Abstract A new method of pretreatment of corn straw with Phanerochaete chrysosporium combined with pyrolysis was proposed to improve the quality of bio-oil. The characterization results demonstrated that microbial pretreatment was an effective method to decrease the lignin, which can achieve a maximum removal rate of 44.19%. Due to the destruction of biomass structure, the content of alkali metal and alkaline earth metal is reduced. Meanwhile, the depolymerized biomass structure created better pyrolysis conditions to promote the pyrolysis efficiency, increase the average decomposition rate of pyrolysis and reduce the residue. In fast pyrolysis, because of the enrichment of cellulose and the… More > Graphic Abstract

    Enhancing Hydrocarbon-Rich Bio-Oil Production via Catalytic Pyrolysis Fortified with Microorganism Pretreatment

  • Open Access

    ARTICLE

    Experimental Study on the Compressive Strength of Concrete with Different Wheat Straw Treatment Techniques

    Liang Wen1,2,*, Changhong Yan3, Yehui Shi4, Zhenxiang Wang4, Gang Liu4, Wei Shi4

    Journal of Renewable Materials, Vol.11, No.10, pp. 3681-3692, 2023, DOI:10.32604/jrm.2023.027671

    Abstract The treatment of wheat straw is very difficult, and its utilization rate is very low; accumulation causes air pollution and even fire. To make full use of wheat straw resources, we examined how using different physical and chemical methods to treat the wheat straw which can improve its strength abilities, or enhance the activity of wheat straw ash. In terms of concrete additives, it can reduce the amount of cement used. In this paper, we found that alkali treatment can significantly improve the tensile strength of wheat straw fiber, but polyvinyl alcohol treatment has no obvious effect on the strength… More > Graphic Abstract

    Experimental Study on the Compressive Strength of Concrete with Different Wheat Straw Treatment Techniques

  • Open Access

    ARTICLE

    Preliminary Study on the Treatment Efficiency of Pasteurized Lime Thermal Alkaline Hydrolysis for Excess Activated Sludge and Reduction of Tetracycline Resistance Genes

    Maoxia Chen1,2,*, Qixuan Zhou1, Jiayue Zhang1, Jiaoyang Li1, Wei Zhang1, Huan Liu1

    Journal of Renewable Materials, Vol.11, No.10, pp. 3711-3723, 2023, DOI:10.32604/jrm.2023.027826

    Abstract Thermal alkaline hydrolysis is a common pretreatment method for the utilization of excess activated sludge (EAS). Owing to strict environment laws and need for better energy utilization, new methods were developed in this study to improve the efficiency of pretreatment method. Direct thermal hydrolysis (TH), pasteurized thermal hydrolysis (PTH), and alkaline pasteurized thermal hydrolysis (PTH + CaO and PTH + NaOH) methods were used to treat EAS. Each method was compared and analyzed in terms of dissolution in ammonium nitrogen (NH4 + -N) and soluble COD (SCOD) in EAS. Furthermore, the removal of tetracycline resistance genes (TRGs) and class 1… More >

  • Open Access

    REVIEW

    Mini-organs with big impact: Organoids in liver cancer studies

    MUHAMMAD BABAR KHAWAR1,2,3,#, YAJUN WANG4,#, ANEEQA MAJEED3, ALI AFZAL5, KABEER HANEEF6, HAIBO SUN1,2,*

    Oncology Research, Vol.31, No.5, pp. 677-688, 2023, DOI:10.32604/or.2023.029718

    Abstract Hepatocellular carcinoma, the most common primary liver cancer and a leading cause of death, is a difficult disease to treat due to its heterogeneous nature. Traditional models, such as 2D culture and patient-derived xenografts, have not proven effective. However, the development of 3D culture techniques, such as organoids, which can mimic the tumor microenvironment (TME) and preserve heterogeneity and pathophysiological properties of tumor cells, offers new opportunities for treatment and research. Organoids also have the potential for biomarker detection and personalized medication, as well as genome editing using CRISPR/Cas9 to study the behavior of certain genes and therapeutic interventions. This… More > Graphic Abstract

    Mini-organs with big impact: Organoids in liver cancer studies

  • Open Access

    ARTICLE

    Clinical and Ethical Reflections Based on a Research Conducted in Psycho-Oncology on Communication during the Announcement of the Failure of an Antitumor Treatment

    Réflexions cliniques et éthiques à partir d’une recherche menée en psycho-oncologie sur la communication lors de l’annonce de l’échec d’un traitement antitumoral

    A. Rault, J. Terrasson, A. Brédart, S. Dolbeault

    Psycho-Oncologie, Vol.17, No.2, pp. 79-84, 2023, DOI:10.3166/pson-2022-0213

    Abstract This article presents the clinical and ethical issues that emerged during our research in psycho-oncology. This research addresses the communication between oncologists and their patients, and pediatric oncologists and parents of sick children at a particular moment of the cancer care pathway: when they are informed about cancer treatment resistance and the absence of known curative treatment. The implementation of this study requires taking into account its emotional and psychological aspects. First, we present the issues related to the participants’ recruitment: how and when to contact them? Then, we question the potential impact of this research on the participants’ psychological… More >

  • Open Access

    ARTICLE

    Seed Priming with MgCl2, CaCl2, and ZnCl2 as a Biofortification Based-Approach Induces Changes in Anise Seedlings Emergence

    Sibel Day*, Nilüfer Koçak-Şahin

    Phyton-International Journal of Experimental Botany, Vol.92, No.8, pp. 2461-2471, 2023, DOI:10.32604/phyton.2023.029920

    Abstract Aromatic and medicinal plant species having small seeds have field emergence problems due to low nutrient supply. Therefore, Pimpinella anisum seeds were hydro and osmoprimed with 100 mM MgCl2, CaCl2, and ZnCl2, for 2, 4, and 8 h each to compare their growth attributes during germination and seedling establishment stages. Nontreated seeds were used as control. Both hydro and osmo primed seeds were dried for 48 h before, they were sown in plastic trays in growth room conditions to see the impact of treatments on seedling emergence and growth. The maximum root length (12.90 cm), fresh weight (256.30 mg plant−1),… More >

  • Open Access

    REVIEW

    Targeting DNA repair for cancer treatment: Lessons from PARP inhibitor trials

    DHANYA K. NAMBIAR1, DEEPALI MISHRA2, RANA P. SINGH2,3,*

    Oncology Research, Vol.31, No.4, pp. 405-421, 2023, DOI:10.32604/or.2023.028310

    Abstract Ionizing radiation is frequently used to treat solid tumors, as it causes DNA damage and kill cancer cells. However, damaged DNA is repaired involving poly-(ADP-ribose) polymerase-1 (PARP-1) causing resistance to radiation therapy. Thus, PARP-1 represents an important target in multiple cancer types, including prostate cancer. PARP is a nuclear enzyme essential for single-strand DNA breaks repair. Inhibiting PARP-1 is lethal in a wide range of cancer cells that lack the homologous recombination repair (HR) pathway. This article provides a concise and simplified overview of the development of PARP inhibitors in the laboratory and their clinical applications. We focused on the… More > Graphic Abstract

    Targeting DNA repair for cancer treatment: Lessons from PARP inhibitor trials

  • Open Access

    ARTICLE

    Computational Fluid Dynamics Analysis of Upper Airway Changes after Protraction Headgear and Rapid Maxillary Expansion Treatment

    Haoran Xu1, Shuai Chen2,*, Xue Song1,3, Jingying Wang1,*

    Molecular & Cellular Biomechanics, Vol.20, No.1, pp. 15-22, 2023, DOI:10.32604/mcb.2023.029107

    Abstract Clinically, it is common for Class III patients with maxillary skeletal deficiency, which may result in a variety of adverse consequences. Protraction headgear and rapid maxillary expansion (PE) is an effective treatment, but its effect on upper airway hydrodynamics has not been reported. The main purpose of this study was to evaluate the changes of the flow in the upper airway after PE by computational fluid dynamics (CFD). The sample includes fifteen patients (6 males, 9 females, age 11.00 ± 1.00) and the paired T-test was used to analyze the differences between the measured data before and after treatment. The… More > Graphic Abstract

    Computational Fluid Dynamics Analysis of Upper Airway Changes after Protraction Headgear and Rapid Maxillary Expansion Treatment

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