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  • Open Access

    ARTICLE

    Quantitative measures of leaf epidermal cells as a taxonomic and phylogenetic tool for the identification of Stanhopea species (Orchidaceae)

    Foroughbakhch R, RJ Ferry Sr, JL Hernández-Piñero, MA Alvarado-Vázquez, A Rocha-Estrada

    Phyton-International Journal of Experimental Botany, Vol.77, pp. 113-127, 2008, DOI:10.32604/phyton.2008.77.113

    Abstract Orchids of the genus Stanhopea are currently identified only by their floral structure characteristics. A statistical analysis of a significant number of species of this genus disclosed that measurements of adaxial and abaxial epidermal cell surface areas can be correlated with specific recognized species by a leaf printing method. This allows an objectively either positive or nearly positive confirmation of the identity of a species in the absence of flowers and without damage to plants. When ordering the mean values obtained for these surface areas in each species in a decreasing order, a correlation was observed in a hierarchical way… More >

  • Open Access

    ARTICLE

    Biological activity of phototoxic compounds in Bidens squarrosa H.B.K. (Asteraceae)

    Pérez-Amador1 MC, V Muñoz Ocotero1, F García Jiménez2

    Phyton-International Journal of Experimental Botany, Vol.77, pp. 103-111, 2008, DOI:10.32604/phyton.2008.77.103

    Abstract Phototoxic compounds (polyacetylenes and thiophenes) and their biological activity were determined on Bidens squarrosa plants by measuring their antibacterial and anti-inflammatory potential. Phototoxic compounds were extracted with hexane, characterized by TLC, and their presence confirmed by U.V. spectrum of their extracts and bactericidal potential. Antibacterial activity of the hexane, ethyl acetate and methanol extracts was measured against Bacillus subtilis and Escherichia coli, and their antiinflammatory potential was determined by the mouse ear edema test. More >

  • Open Access

    ARTICLE

    Plant micropropagation in experimental lines of forage maize coming from crossing Zea mays L. and Zea diploperennis Iltis, Doebley and Guzmán

    Torroba MC, HA Paccapelo, L Aguilera, J Mazzola

    Phyton-International Journal of Experimental Botany, Vol.77, pp. 93-102, 2008, DOI:10.32604/phyton.2008.77.093

    Abstract An optimized methodology for improving regeneration of maize plants by direct organogenesis was evaluated. Our objective was to embarobtain genetically homogeneous plants through in vitro methods to regenerate clumps of multiple shoots from shoot tips at high frequency. Cultures were initiated from shoot tips of experimental lines of maize on a Murashige & Skoog (MS) medium supplemented with 2 mg/l benziladenine. Two experimental forage maize lines were used, in which two frequencies of subcultures were evaluated, namely line L. 850 (every 15 or 30 days) and line L.769 (every 30 days). It was observed that the highest rate of regeneration… More >

  • Open Access

    ARTICLE

    Morphological and genetic characteristics allow the identification of a collection of garlic cultivars in the North-Central region of Mexico

    Azuara Hernández1 L, H Silos Espino1, C Perales Segovia1, JF Gómez Leyva2, AG Alpuche Solís3, LM Macias Valdez4

    Phyton-International Journal of Experimental Botany, Vol.77, pp. 81-91, 2008, DOI:10.32604/phyton.2008.77.081

    Abstract The objective of this study was to compare the yield and genetic relationships between two Perla garlic selections, obtained by individual selection of cloves, and commercial varieties and cultivars adapted to diverse regions of Mexico (which did not have a selection process). Varieties with fewer cloves showed higher yields. Coreano and California produced 20 ton/ha (fresh weight) and Perla selections between 17-19 ton/ha (fresh weight). Six primers of the series OPB were tested for genetic characterization and OPB-17 was selected. With the amplified DNA fragments, a bina-ry matrix was generated; afterwards, a dissimilarity matrix and dendrogram were developed. High genetic… More >

  • Open Access

    ARTICLE

    Genetic and resistance stability to Black Sigatoka disease during micropopagation of Musa CIEN BTA-03 somaclonal variant

    Giménez1 C, E de García2, O Haddad3

    Phyton-International Journal of Experimental Botany, Vol.77, pp. 65-79, 2008, DOI:10.32604/phyton.2008.77.065

    Abstract Evaluation of clonal micropropagation and phenotype stability of elite somaclones are critical steps for development of new varieties. In the present work somaclon variant CIEN BTA-03 (resistant to Black Sigatoka), obtained through in vitro process from cultivar Williams (susceptible to Black Sigatoka), was micropropagated via apical shoot culture for five multiplication cycles in 0.5 mg/l of benzyl-aminopurine (BA). To verify the genetic stability of the progeny of this elite material, random amplified polymorphic DNA (RAPD) markers were used. A total of 5,292 monomorphic bands were obtained from the amplification of fifty six DNA samples (extracted from vitroplants randomly selected) with… More >

  • Open Access

    ARTICLE

    Stability of protein patterns in coffee seedlings regenerated by somatic embryogenesis

    Menéndez-Yuffá1 A, L Ríos-Bolívar2

    Phyton-International Journal of Experimental Botany, Vol.77, pp. 49-64, 2008, DOI:10.32604/phyton.2008.77.049

    Abstract Regeneration and multiplication of coffee (Coffea arabica L.) through somatic embryogenesis can be efficiently achieved through different methods. However, it is very important to analyze the progenies obtained by these methods in order to establish their genetic stability. The objectives of this research were (1) to determine the protein electrophoretic patterns in leaves of coffee vitroplants which were regenerated through somatic embryogenesis, and (2) to compare these patterns with those of the explant donor plants. The protein patterns of some coffee genotypes were initially determined to detect possible differences among them. Each analyzed genotype showed a characteristic set of protein… More >

  • Open Access

    ARTICLE

    Soil drying rate and gas exchange of three Phaseolus vulgaris L. varieties

    Aguirre-Medina1 JF, J Kohashi-Shibata2, J Cadena-Iñiguez2, C Avendaño-Arrazate2

    Phyton-International Journal of Experimental Botany, Vol.77, pp. 31-48, 2008, DOI:10.32604/phyton.2008.77.031

    Abstract Intermittent drought is the main limiting factor for bean production in Mexico. The root system of three bean varieties of different origin and tolerance to water stress was exposed to different drying soil rates. The synthetic varieties were: Pinto Villa (PV, water stress tolerant) and Bayo Madero (BM, water stress susceptible) both of mesoamerican origin and growth habit type III (climbing habit), and ICA Palmar (water stress tolerant) of Andean origin and growth habit type I (shrub). Treatments were three soil drying rates, which were achieved by stopping irrigation and either maintaining or removing the pot cover made with PVC… More >

  • Open Access

    ARTICLE

    Phototoxic compounds and biological activity of extracts from Eupatorium morifolium Mill. (Asteraceae)

    Pérez-Amador1 MC, V Muñoz Ocotero1, F García Jiménez2

    Phyton-International Journal of Experimental Botany, Vol.77, pp. 21-29, 2008, DOI:10.32604/phyton.2008.77.021

    Abstract Leaves of Eupatorium morifolium Mill. were analyzed for phototoxic compounds, and the toxicity of their hexane extract was evaluated against Bacillus subtilis. The phototoxic compounds were analyzed by TLC. In the plate, pale blue spots indicated the presence of these compounds. This was confirmed by the UV extract spectrum and the antibacterial activity against Bacillus subtilis. The biological activity of the leaf extracts (hexane, ethyl acetate or methanol) was also studied. The antiinflammatory activity was determined using the edema test on mouse ears, and the bactericide activity was assayed against Bacillus subtilis and Escherichia coli. A strong anti-inflammatory activity was… More >

  • Open Access

    ARTICLE

    Water stress and forage production in Tetrachne dregei Nees, Panicum coloratum L. and Eragrostis curvula (Schrad) Nees

    Ruiz1 MA, AD Golberg1,2, O Martínez2

    Phyton-International Journal of Experimental Botany, Vol.77, pp. 7-20, 2008, DOI:10.32604/phyton.2008.77.007

    Abstract Tetrachne dregei, Panicum coloratum and Eragrostis curvula are perennial forage C4 grasses, introduced from South Africa to the pampean semiarid region. This work was carried out to compare water stress tolerance; forage production and quality of T. dregei, P. coloratum and E. curvula. Studies were conducted under greenhouse and field conditions. In the greenhouse, watering was stopped after eighty one days of plant emergency in the water stress treatment. Water potential (ψ), stomatal resistance (SR) and shoot and root weights were evaluated. Under water stress, ψ diminished earlier and SR increases were higher in P. coloratum than in T. dregeiMore >

  • Open Access

    ARTICLE

    Corn production under subsurface drip irrigation and application of cow manure.

    Salazar-Sosa1 E, H I Trejo-Escareño2, C Vázquez-Vázquez1, JD López-Martínez1

    Phyton-International Journal of Experimental Botany, Vol.76, pp. 169-185, 2007, DOI:10.32604/phyton.2007.76.169

    Abstract This research was performed at the agricultural experimental center of the Facultad de Agricultura y Zootecnia, Universidad de Durango, Mexico. The main objetive was to determine the best amount of cow manure application and its effect on corn production, quality and nutrient uptake. Two factors were studied in this experiment that started in 2000. The results presented in this paper correspond to 2001. The factors were (1) crop, with the levels corn alone and corn-soybean, and (2) cow manure (with the levels: 0, 40, 80, 120, 160 Mgr/ha) and chemical fertilizer (100-150-0 kg/ha of N, P2O5 and K, respectively). The… More >

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