Amihay Nevo^1,2, Roy Mano^1,2, Ohad Shoshani^1,2, Gherman Kriderman^1,2, Eran Schreter^1,2, David Lifshitz^1,2

Canadian Journal of Urology, Vol.25, No.2, pp. 9238-9244, 2018

Abstract Introduction: This study aims to determine the clinical yield of stone culture in patients undergoing percutaneous nephrolithotomy (PCNL) and to identify those who may benefit from this test, particularly in predicting postoperative infections and guiding antimicrobial therapy. Materials and methods: We reviewed our institutional database for all patients who underwent PCNL between 2005 and 2017 and from whom both urine culture (UC) and stone culture (SC) results were available. The primary endpoint was the development of systemic inflammatory response syndrome (SIRS) within 48 hours post-procedure. Risk factors for SIRS and for stone colonization with highly resistant pathogens… More >

Hannah Pham, Pranav Sharma

Canadian Journal of Urology, Vol.25, No.2, pp. 9228-9237, 2018

Abstract Introduction: Oral therapy with alpha-blockers or 5-alpha reductase inhibitors remains the most common treatment for men with lower urinary tract symptoms (LUTS) secondary to benign prostatic hyperplasia (BPH). For patients who progress or fail medical therapy, the standard of care continues to be transurethral resection of the prostate (TURP), a procedure with well-documented and durable outcomes. However, over the past decade, emerging minimally invasive options for LUS secondary to BPH have been developed, offering promising results with fewer side effects commonly associated with TURP, such as retrograde ejaculation and erectile dysfunction.
Materials and methods: A literature review… More >

Colonel David G. McLeod

Canadian Journal of Urology, Vol.25, No.2, pp. 9221-9227, 2018

Abstract This article has no abstract. More >

Leonard G. Gomella

Canadian Journal of Urology, Vol.25, No.2, pp. 9220-9220, 2018

Abstract This article has no abstract. More >

Albert S. Lee¹, Diana K. Bowen², Seth Vatsky³, Stephen A. Zderic², Gregory E. Tasian²

Canadian Journal of Urology, Vol.25, No.3, pp. 9363-9365, 2018

Abstract We report successful percutaneous nephrolithotomy (PCNL) in an 8-week-old, 4.12 kg infant with a combined stone burden of > 2 cm in a solitary kidney. The patient was born with thoracolumbar myelomeningocele and had developed recurrent urinary tract infections. Her size precluded retrograde intrarenal surgery and shockwave lithotripsy would be unlikely to clear the stone burden. Stone analysis revealed hydroxyapatite and carbonate apatite stones, and metabolic work up revealed hypercalciuria for which chlorothiazide was started. To our knowledge, this is the youngest patient to undergo PCNL reported in the literature. More >

Ksenia Chezar¹, Geoffrey Gotto², Shaun Medlicott¹, Kiril Trpkov¹

Canadian Journal of Urology, Vol.25, No.3, pp. 9360-9362, 2018

Abstract The presence of urothelial epithelial metaplasia in a seminal vesicle is an exceptionally rare finding. We describe a unique case of urothelial metaplasia of the seminal vesicle and ejaculatory duct, found in a radical prostatectomy specimen from a patient with complex urogenital anatomy. A 70-year-old patient with organ confined (pT2) prostatic adenocarcinoma (Gleason score 3+4 = 7) had a right-sided Hutch diverticulum and a left crossed-fused renal ectopia. Although the histogenesis of urothelial metaplasia in the seminal vesicle remains unclear, in the patient presented herein it likely developed as a consequence of the previously unrecognized More >

Bradley A. Morganstern¹, Samantha Scaccia¹, Wayland Wu¹, Alex K. Williamson², Lane S. Palmer¹

Canadian Journal of Urology, Vol.25, No.3, pp. 9357-9359, 2018

Abstract Embryonal rhabdomyosarcoma is a rare cancer that often requires multimodality therapy to treat; however, these therapies can cause changes in the biology of the tumor. Several reports have documented pathologic changes but only recently have genetic changes been mapped. We present case of two separate synchronous primary rhabdomyosarcomas in a 17-month-old patient and discuss the pathophysiology and genetic changes that occur with treatment. We hypothesize that a genetic feld defect arising in development of the urogenital sinus caused the tumors, but that treatment modalities may have caused genetic alterations changing clinical behavior of the tumors More >

Vladimir Mouraviev¹, Michael McDonald²

Canadian Journal of Urology, Vol.25, No.3, pp. 9349-9356, 2018

Abstract Introduction: The changing face of current infection phenotypes — from planktonic to biofilm type — has increasingly implicated bacterial biofilms in recurrent infections. To date, no specific medical treatment exists that can effectively target biofilms within the human host. Similarly, the identification of biofilms has traditionally relied on tissue sample analysis using electron microscopy or DNA identification via polymerase chain reaction (PCR) and sequencing. Standard culture and sensitivity tests are not capable of detecting the presence of biofilms.
Materials and methods: Two types or "levels" of molecular microbial diagnostic testing were performed as described below. In both… More >

Avinash Chenam¹, Nora Ruel², Sumanta Pal³, John Barlog¹, Clayton Lau¹, Timothy Wilson¹, Bertram Yuh¹

Canadian Journal of Urology, Vol.25, No.3, pp. 9340-9348, 2018

Abstract Introduction: Extended lymph node dissection (ELND) compared to limited lymph node dissection (LLND) at the time of prostatectomy improves staging and lymph node (LN) yield. The effect on biochemical recurrence (BCR) and survival is less well understood. We sought to evaluate the benefit of robotic ELND and LLND with respect to BCR.
Materials and methods: Between 2008-2012, 584 consecutive men with intermediate or high-risk clinically localized adenocarcinoma of the prostate underwent robotic-assisted radical prostatectomy (RARP) with concomitant LLND (n = 326) or ELND (n = 258). Survival estimates were made using the Kaplan-Meier method. Log-rank statistic was… More >

Michael A. Avallone, Peter N. Dietrich, Shanta T. Shepherd, Mona Lalehzari, R. Corey O’Connor, Michael L. Guralnick

Canadian Journal of Urology, Vol.25, No.3, pp. 9334-9339, 2018

Abstract Introduction: Classic surgical teaching advocates for closure of the mesenteric defect (MD) after bowel anastomosis, but the necessity is controversial. We sought to evaluate the necessity of MD closure at the time of harvest of ileum for genitourinary reconstructive surgery (GURS) by analyzing the incidence of early and late gastrointestinal adverse events (GIAE) in patients with and without MD closure.
Materials and methods: A retrospective review was conducted on patients undergoing urologic reconstruction with ileum to identify incidence of ileus, small bowel obstruction (SBO), gastrointestinal (GI) fistula, and stoma complications. Patient and procedure variables were analyzed to… More >