I. Pérez¹, R. Roselló¹, C. Recarey¹, M. Cerrolaza²

CMES-Computer Modeling in Engineering & Sciences, Vol.79, No.3&4, pp. 183-200, 2011, DOI:10.3970/cmes.2011.079.183

Abstract Modeling the geometry and behavior of human bones is of the most concern when dealing with bone remodelling (external and internal) and poroelastic analysis. Complex geometries are frequently found in the human skeleton as well as orthotropic behavior of bone tissue. Spongy bone has a completely different constitution as compared with compact bone, which adds another relevant consideration if we want to get reliable results in biomechanical analysis. The modeling of both compact and spongy human-bone tissue is carried out by using packaging-particle methods. The methods generate circles (2D domains) and spheres (3D domains) in More >

M.A. Argenta¹, A.P. Gebert², E.S. Filho³, B.A. Felizari⁴, M.B. Hecke⁵

CMES-Computer Modeling in Engineering & Sciences, Vol.79, No.3&4, pp. 159-182, 2011, DOI:10.3970/cmes.2011.079.159

Abstract Various methods in the literature proposesequations to calculate the stiffness as a function of density of bone tissue such as apparent density and ash density among others[Helgason, Perilli, Schileo, Taddei, Brynjolfsson and Viceconti, 2008]. Other ones present a value of an equivalent elasticity modulus, obtained by statistical adjustments of curves generated through mechanical compression tests over various specimens[Chevalier, Pahr, Allmer, Charlebois and Zysset, 2007; Cuppone, Seedhom, Berry and Ostell, 2004]. Bone tissue is a material withdifferent behaviors according to the scale of observation. It has a complex composite hierarchical structure, which is responsible for assign More >

Lianhua Ma¹, Bernard F. Rolfe², Qingsheng Yang^1,3, Chunhui Yang^2,3

CMES-Computer Modeling in Engineering & Sciences, Vol.79, No.2, pp. 131-158, 2011, DOI:10.3970/cmes.2011.079.131

Abstract For fluid-filled closed cell composites widely distributed in nature, the configuration evolution and effective elastic properties are investigated using a micromechanical model and a multiscale homogenization theory, in which the effect of initial fluid pressure is considered. Based on the configuration evolution of the composite, we present a novel micromechanics model to examine the interactions between the initial fluid pressure and the macroscopic elasticity of the material. In this model, the initial fluid pressure of the closed cells and the corresponding configuration can be produced by applying an eigenstrain at the introduced fictitious stress-free configuration,… More >

C. A. Bustamante¹, W. F. Florez¹, H. Power², M. Giraldo¹, A. F. Hill¹

CMES-Computer Modeling in Engineering & Sciences, Vol.79, No.2, pp. 103-130, 2011, DOI:10.3970/cmes.2011.079.103

Abstract The two-dimensional Navier Stokes system of equations for incompressible flows is solved in the velocity vorticity formulation by means of the Control Volume-Radial Basis Function (CV-RBF) method. This method is an improvement to the Control Volume Method (CVM) based on the use of Radial Basis Function (RBF) Hermite interpolation instead of the classical polynomial functions. The main advantages of the CV-RBF method are the approximation order, the meshless nature of the interpolation scheme and the presence of the PDE operator in the interpolation. Besides, the vorticity boundary values are computed in terms of the values More >

Yoshihiro OCHIAI¹

CMES-Computer Modeling in Engineering & Sciences, Vol.79, No.2, pp. 83-102, 2011, DOI:10.3970/cmes.2011.079.083

Abstract In general, internal cells are required to solve unsteady thermo-elasto -plastic problems using a conventional boundary element method (BEM). However, in this case, the merit of BEM, which is the easy preparation of data, is lost. The conventional multiple-reciprocity boundary element method (MRBEM) cannot be used to solve thermo-elastoplastic problems, because the distribution of initial stress cannot be determined analytically. In this paper, it is shown that two-dimensional unsteady thermo-elastoplastic problems can be solved without the use of internal cells by using the triple-reciprocity BEM and a thin plate spline. The initial stress formulation is More >

Bruno Manoel Pasquim¹, Viviana Cocco Mariani¹

CMES-Computer Modeling in Engineering & Sciences, Vol.79, No.1, pp. 63-82, 2011, DOI:10.3970/cmes.2011.079.063

Abstract The main aim of this study was to evaluate the capacity of a Eulerian-Lagrangian methodology (ELAFINT) to accurately deal with incompressible viscous steady flow in a domain with corners and curved boundaries. Thus, a two-dimensional lid-driven cavity with an irregular bottom was selected. The equations that govern the flow are discretized using the finite-volume method with a Cartesian grid. The evolution of the velocity fields, stream function and vorticity in the irregular cavity when the Reynolds number increases from 500 to 6000 is captured by the method under investigation. The results show that with an More >

Kun Luan¹, Baozhong Sun¹, Bohong Gu^1,2

CMES-Computer Modeling in Engineering & Sciences, Vol.79, No.1, pp. 31-62, 2011, DOI:10.3970/cmes.2011.079.031

Abstract This paper reports finite element multi-scale simulations of ballistic impact damage of three-dimensional angle-interlock woven composite (3DAWC) penetrated under a hemispherical rigid projectile. A multi-scale geometrical model of the 3DAWC was established for the numerical simulation. The multi-scale geometrical model of the 3DAWC consists two parts: one is the microstructure model and another is the continuum model. The microstructure model has the same microstructure with that of the 3DAWC composite panel, including the fiber tows' diameter, fiber tow configuration and fiber volume fraction. The continuum model has the same mechanical properties with the 3DAWC. The… More >

C.J. Zheng¹, H.B. Chen¹, T. Matsumoto², T. Takahashi²

CMES-Computer Modeling in Engineering & Sciences, Vol.79, No.1, pp. 1-30, 2011, DOI:10.3970/cmes.2011.079.001

Abstract A fast multipole boundary element approach to the shape sensitivity analysis of three dimensional acoustic wave problems is developed in this study based on the adjoint variable method. The concept of material derivative is employed in the derivation. The Burton-Miller formula which is a linear combination of the conventional and normal derivative boundary integral equations is adopted to cope with the non-uniqueness problem when solving exterior acoustic wave problems. Constant elements are used to discretize the boundary surface so that the strongly- and hyper-singular boundary integrals contained in the formulations can be evaluated explicitly and More >

Bingfei Liu¹, Guansuo Dui^1,2, Yuping Zhu³

CMES-Computer Modeling in Engineering & Sciences, Vol.78, No.3&4, pp. 247-276, 2011, DOI:10.3970/cmes.2011.078.247

Abstract A constitutive model considering the effect hydrostatic stresses induced by porosity on the macroscopic behavior of porous Shape Memory Alloys (SMAs) is developed in this paper. First, a unit-cell model is adopted to establish the constitutive relations for the porous SMAs with SMA matrix and the porosity taken to be voids. Dilatational plasticity theory is then generalized for the SMA matrix. Based on an approximation of the velocity field and the upper bound theory, an explicit yield function for the porous SMA is derived from micromechanical considerations. Finally, an example for the uniaxial response under More >

Marco Dondero¹, Adrián P. Cisilino^1,2, J. Pablo Tomba¹

CMES-Computer Modeling in Engineering & Sciences, Vol.78, No.3&4, pp. 225-246, 2011, DOI:10.3970/cmes.2011.078.225

Abstract This paper introduces a numerical methodology for the design of random micro-heterogeneous materials with functionally graded effective thermal conductivities (ETC). The optimization is carried out using representative volume elements (RVEs), a parallel Genetic Algorithm (GA) as optimization method, and a Fast Multipole Boundary Element Method (FMBEM) for the evaluation of the cost function. The methodology is applied for the design of foam-like microstructures consisting of random distributions of circular insulated holes. The temperature field along a material sample is used as objective function, while the spatial distribution of the holes is the design variable. There More >