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  • Open Access

    ARTICLE

    Genome-Wide Identification and Expression Profiling Suggest that Invertase Genes Function in Silique Development and the Response to Sclerotinia sclerotiorum in Brassica napus

    Jingsen Liu1,2, Jinqi Ma1,2, Ai Lin1,2, Chao Zhang1,2, Bo Yang1,2, Liyuan Zhang1,2, Lin Huang1,2, Jiana Li1,2,*

    Phyton-International Journal of Experimental Botany, Vol.89, No.2, pp. 253-273, 2020, DOI:10.32604/phyton.2020.09334

    Abstract Invertase (INV), a key enzyme in sucrose metabolism, irreversibly catalyzes the hydrolysis of sucrose to glucose and fructose, thus playing important roles in plant growth, development, and biotic and abiotic stress responses. In this study, we identified 27 members of the BnaINV family in Brassica napus. We constructed a phylogenetic tree of the family and predicted the gene structures, conserved motifs, cis-acting elements in promoters, physicochemical properties of encoded proteins, and chromosomal distribution of the BnaINVs. We also analyzed the expression of the BnaINVs in different tissues and developmental stages in the B. napus cultivar Zhongshuang 11 using qRT-PCR. In… More >

  • Open Access

    ARTICLE

    Genome-Wide Identification of the F-box Gene Family and Expression Analysis under Drought and Salt Stress in Barley

    Lantian Zhang, Siyi Wang, Yuyu Chen, Mengyuan Dong, Yunxia Fang, Xian Zhang, Tao Tong, Ziling Zhang, Junjun Zheng, Dawei Xue*, Xiaoqin Zhang*

    Phyton-International Journal of Experimental Botany, Vol.89, No.2, pp. 229-251, 2020, DOI:10.32604/phyton.2020.10022

    Abstract The F-box protein-encoding gene family plays an essential role in plant stress resistance. In present study, 126 non-redundant F-box genes were identified in barley (Hordeum vulgare L., Hv). The corresponding proteins contained 165– 887 amino acid residues and all were amphiphilic, except 5 proteins. Phylogenetic analysis of F-box protein sequences in barley and stress-related F-box protein sequences in wheat and Arabidopsis thaliana (At) was used to classify barley F-box genes are divided into 9 subfamilies (A–I). A structure-based sequence alignment demonstrated that F-box proteins were highly conserved with a total of 10 conserved motifs. In total, 124 F-box genes were… More >

  • Open Access

    REVIEW

    Multifaceted Strategies Used by Root-Knot Nematodes to Parasitize Plants-A Review

    Adnan Shakeel*, Abrar Ahmad Khan, Mohammad Haris

    Phyton-International Journal of Experimental Botany, Vol.89, No.2, pp. 205-215, 2020, DOI:10.32604/phyton.2020.08922

    Abstract Root-knot nematodes being omnipresent in agricultural and horticultural soils are tallied among the most important economic pathogens around the world. For successful parasitism, these nematodes use various strategies to control and manipulate the host plant’s cell machinery. These strategies include the molecular mimicry of some host genes by some nematode secreted effector proteins, secretion of cell wall digesting enzymes and other effector proteins that are responsible for the suppression of defence by the host plant. All these secretions which are released through the stylet, contribute to the formation of specialized feeding sites or giant cells. The effector proteins interfere with… More >

  • Open Access

    REVIEW

    Role of Pathogen-Related Protein 10 (PR 10) under Abiotic and Biotic Stresses in Plants

    Rakesh Kumar Sinha1,*, Shiv Shankar Verma2, Anshu Rastogi3,*

    Phyton-International Journal of Experimental Botany, Vol.89, No.2, pp. 167-182, 2020, DOI:10.32604/phyton.2020.09359

    Abstract Members of the Pathogenesis Related (PR) 10 protein family have been identified in a variety of plant species and a wide range of functions ranging from defense to growth and development has been attributed to them. PR10 protein possesses ribonuclease (RNase) activity, interacts with phytohormones, involved in hormone-mediated signalling, afforded protection against various phytopathogenic fungi, bacteria, and viruses particularly in response to biotic and abiotic stresses. The resistance mechanism of PR10 protein may include activation of defense signalling pathways through possible interacting proteins involved in mediating responses to pathogens, degradation of RNA of the invading pathogens. Moreover, several morphological changes… More >

  • Open Access

    ARTICLE

    Linear and Nonlinear Stability Analysis in Microfluidic Systems

    Lennon Ó Náraigh1, *, Daniel R. Jansen van Vuuren2

    FDMP-Fluid Dynamics & Materials Processing, Vol.16, No.2, pp. 383-410, 2020, DOI:10.32604/fdmp.2020.09265

    Abstract In this article we use analytical and numerical modeling to describe parallel viscous two-phase flows in microchannels. The focus is on idealized two-dimensional geometries, with a view to validating the various methodologies for future work in three dimensions. In the first instance, we use analytical Orr-Sommerfeld theory to describe the linear instability which governs the formation of small-amplitude waves in such systems. We then compare the results of this analysis with an in-house Computational Fluid Dynamics (CFD) solver called TPLS. Excellent agreement between the theoretical analysis and TPLS is obtained in the regime of small-amplitude waves. We continue the numerical… More >

  • Open Access

    ARTICLE

    On the Liquid-Vapor Phase-Change Interface Conditions for Numerical Simulation of Violent Separated Flows

    Matthieu Ancellin1, *, Laurent Brosset2, Jean-Michel Ghidaglia1

    FDMP-Fluid Dynamics & Materials Processing, Vol.16, No.2, pp. 359-381, 2020, DOI:10.32604/fdmp.2020.08642

    Abstract Numerous models have been proposed in the literature to include phase change into numerical simulations of two-phase flows. This review paper presents the modeling options that have been taken in order to obtain a model for violent separated flows with application to sloshing wave impacts. A relaxation model based on linear non-equilibrium thermodynamics has been chosen to compute the rate of phase change. The integration in the system of partial differential equations is done through a non-conservative advection term. For each of these modelling choices, some alternative models from the literature are presented and discussed. The theoretical framework for all… More >

  • Open Access

    ARTICLE

    Study on Dynamic Prediction of Two-Phase Pipe Flow in Inclined Wellbore with Middle and High Yield

    Xiaoya Feng1, 2, Wei Luo1, 2, *, Yu Lei3, Yubin Su4, Zhigang Fang3

    FDMP-Fluid Dynamics & Materials Processing, Vol.16, No.2, pp. 339-358, 2020, DOI:10.32604/fdmp.2020.08564

    Abstract Gas-liquid two-phase flow is ubiquitous in the process of oil and gas exploitation, gathering and transportation. Flow pattern, liquid holdup and pressure drop are important parameters in the process of gas-liquid two-phase flow, which are closely related to the smooth passage of the two-phase fluid in the pipe section. Although Mukherjee, Barnea and others have studied the conventional viscous gas-liquid two-phase flow for a long time at home and abroad, the overall experimental scope is not comprehensive enough and the early experimental conditions are limited. Therefore, there is still a lack of systematic experimental research and wellbore pressure for gas-liquid… More >

  • Open Access

    ARTICLE

    Numerical Modelling of Proppant Transport in Hydraulic Fractures

    Yatin Suri1, Sheikh Zahidul Islam1, *, Mamdud Hossain1

    FDMP-Fluid Dynamics & Materials Processing, Vol.16, No.2, pp. 297-337, 2020, DOI:10.32604/fdmp.2020.08421

    Abstract The distribution of proppant injected in hydraulic fractures significantly affects the fracture conductivity and well performance. The proppant transport in thin fracturing fluid used during hydraulic fracturing in the unconventional reservoirs is considerably different from fracturing fluids in the conventional reservoir due to the very low viscosity and quick deposition of the proppants. This paper presents the development of a threedimensional Computational Fluid Dynamics (CFD) modelling technique for the prediction of proppant-fluid multiphase flow in hydraulic fractures. The proposed model also simulates the fluid leak-off behaviour from the fracture wall. The Euler-Granular and CFD-Discrete Element Method (CFD-DEM) multiphase modelling approach… More >

  • Open Access

    ARTICLE

    Numerical Simulation of Fluid and Heat Transfer in a Biological Tissue Using an Immersed Boundary Method Mimicking the Exact Structure of the Microvascular Network

    Yuanliang Tang1, 2, Lizhong Mu1, Ying He1, *

    FDMP-Fluid Dynamics & Materials Processing, Vol.16, No.2, pp. 281-296, 2020, DOI:10.32604/fdmp.2020.06760

    Abstract The aim of this study is to develop a model of fluid and heat transfer in a biological tissue taking into account the exact structure of the related microvascular network, and to analyze the influence of structural changes of such a network induced by diabetes. A cubic region representing local skin tissue is selected as the computational domain, which in turn includes two intravascular and extravascular sub-domains. To save computational resources, the capillary network is reduced to a 1D pipeline model and embedded into the extravascular region. On the basis of the immersed boundary method (IBM) strategy, fluid and heat… More >

  • Open Access

    ARTICLE

    Heat and Mass Transfer Characteristics of Alkali Metals in a Combined Wick of High-Temperature Heat Pipe

    Ping Yu1, *, Chuanhui Huang1, Lei Liu1, Huafeng Guo1, Chengqiang Liu1

    FDMP-Fluid Dynamics & Materials Processing, Vol.16, No.2, pp. 267-280, 2020, DOI:10.32604/fdmp.2020.06528

    Abstract To study the heat and mass transfer characteristics of alkali metals in a combined porous wick in high-temperature heat pipes, a three-dimensional (3-D) numerical model is constructed by using the finite volume method, Darcy’s theory, and the theory of local thermal equilibrium. The research finds that the pressure drop of fluids flowing through a combined porous wick exhibits an increasing trend with increasing flow velocity at the inlet and with decreasing permeability of the porous media; a combined porous wick of lower porosity and permeability and larger fluid velocity at the inlet is found to have a less uniformly distributed… More >

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