Q Wang^*, YP Zheng^∗,†, HJ Niu^∗,‡

Molecular & Cellular Biomechanics, Vol.7, No.1, pp. 45-58, 2010, DOI:10.3970/mcb.2010.007.045

Abstract This study aims to obtain osmosis-induced swelling strains of normal and proteoglycan (PG) depleted articular cartilage using an ultrasound system and to investigate the changes in its mechanical properties due to the PG depletion using a layered triphasic model. The swelling strains of 20 cylindrical cartilage-bone samples collected from different bovine patellae were induced by decreasing the concentration of bath saline and monitored by the ultrasound system. The samples were subsequently digested by a trypsin solution for approximately 20 min to deplete proteoglycans, and the swelling behaviors of the digested samples were measured again. The… More >

Ning Wang^*

Molecular & Cellular Biomechanics, Vol.7, No.1, pp. 33-44, 2010, DOI:10.3970/mcb.2010.007.033

Abstract Professor Y.C. Fung has shown that living tissues remodel extensively in response to mechanical forces such as blood pressure variations. At the cellular level, those mechanical perturbations must be perceived by individual cells. However, mechanisms of mechanochemical transduction in living cells remain a central challenge to cell biologists. Contrary to predictions by existing models of living cells, we reported previously that a local stress, applied via integrin receptors, is propagated to remote sites in the cytoplasm and is concentrated at discrete foci. Here we report that these foci of strains and stresses in the cytoplasm More >

W. Herzog ^∗,†, V. Joumaa*, T.R. Leonard*

Molecular & Cellular Biomechanics, Vol.7, No.1, pp. 25-32, 2010, DOI:10.3970/mcb.2010.007.025

Abstract This article has no abstract. More >

Fan Song^*

Molecular & Cellular Biomechanics, Vol.7, No.1, pp. 13-24, 2010, DOI:10.3970/mcb.2010.007.013

Abstract The electrostatic interaction effects including the interaction potential, force and torque between the neighboring chondroitin sulfate glycosaminoglycan (CS-GAG) molecular chains in the bottle brush conformation of proteoglycan aggrecan are obtained as the functions of the minimum separation distance and the mutual angle between the molecular chains based on an asymptotic solution of the Poisson-Boltzmann equation that the CS-GAGs satisfy under the normal physiological conditions of articular cartilage. The present study indicates that the electrostatic interactions are not only associated intimately with the separation distance and the mutual angle, which are shown as purely exponential in… More >

He Gong^∗,†, Ming Zhang^‡

Molecular & Cellular Biomechanics, Vol.7, No.1, pp. 1-12, 2010, DOI:10.3970/mcb.2010.007.001

Abstract In mechanical disuse conditions associated with immobilization and microgravity in spaceflight, cortical endosteal surface moved outward with periosteal surface moving slightly or unchanged, resulting in reduction of cortical thickness. Reduced thickness of the shaft cortex of long bone can be considered as an independent predictor of fractures. Accordingly, it is important to study the remodeling process at cortical endosteal surface. This paper presents a computer simulation of cortical endosteal remodeling induced by mechanical disuse at the Basic Multicellular Units level with cortical thickness as controlling variables. The remodeling analysis was performed on a representative rectangular… More >

V.V. Zozulya¹

CMES-Computer Modeling in Engineering & Sciences, Vol.70, No.3, pp. 253-350, 2010, DOI:10.3970/cmes.2010.070.253

Abstract In this article the divergent integrals, which arise when the boundary integral equation (BIE) methods are used for solution of the 3-D elastostatic problems is considered. The same approach for weakly singular, singular and hypersingular integral regularization is developed. The approach is based on theory of distribution and Green's theorems. This approach is applied for regularization of the divergent integrals over convex polygonal boundary elements (BE) in the case of piecewise constant approximation and over rectangular and triangular BE for piecewise linear approximation. The divergent integrals are transformed into the regular contour integrals that can More >

D. Ho-Minh¹, N. Mai-Duy¹, T. Tran-Cong¹

CMES-Computer Modeling in Engineering & Sciences, Vol.70, No.3, pp. 217-252, 2010, DOI:10.3970/cmes.2010.070.217

Abstract In this paper, one-dimensional integrated radial-basis-function networks (1D-IRBFNs) are introduced into the Galerkin and point-collocation formulations to simulate viscoelastic flows. The computational domain is represented by a Cartesian grid and IRBFNs, which are constructed through integration, are employed on each grid line to approximate the field variables including stresses in the streamfunction-vorticity formulation. Two types of fluid, namely Oldroyd-B and CEF models, are considered. The proposed methods are validated through the numerical simulation of several benchmark test problems including flows in a rectangular duct and in a corrugated tube. Numerical results show that accurate results More >

I. Smojver¹, D. Ivancevic¹, D. Mihaljevic²

CMES-Computer Modeling in Engineering & Sciences, Vol.70, No.2, pp. 191-216, 2010, DOI:10.3970/cmes.2010.070.191

Abstract This paper tackles the problem of numerical prediction of bird strike induced damage in real aeronautical structures using highly detailed finite element models and modern numerical approaches. Due to the complexity of today's aeronautical structures, numerical damage prediction methods have to be able to take into account various failure and degradation models of different materials. The work presented in this paper is focused on damage modeling in metallic items of aeronautical structures.
Abaqus/Explicit has been employed to perform geometrical and material nonlinear transient dynamic analyses. The problem of soft body impacts has been tackled by applying… More >

W. Pietraszkiewicz¹

CMES-Computer Modeling in Engineering & Sciences, Vol.70, No.2, pp. 153-190, 2010, DOI:10.3970/cmes.2010.070.153

Abstract Chien Wei-Zhang (1944) derived three equilibrium equations and three compatibility conditions of the nonlinear theory of thin, isotropic elastic shells entirely in terms of the surface stress and strain measures associated with the shell base surface. This allowed Him to divide the complex boundary value problem (BVP) of nonlinear shell analysis into two disjoint and supposedly simpler steps: I) finding the surface stress and strain measures from the intrinsic BVP, and II) establishing position in space of the deformed base surface from already known surface strain measures. In the present paper some achievements of this… More >

Qiao Wang¹, Yu Miao^1,2, Junjie Zheng¹

CMES-Computer Modeling in Engineering & Sciences, Vol.70, No.2, pp. 123-152, 2010, DOI:10.3970/cmes.2010.070.123

Abstract In this paper, a fast formulation of the hybrid boundary node method (Hybrid BNM) for solving 3D elasticity is presented. Coupling modified variational principle with the Moving Least Squares (MLS) approximation, the Hybrid BNM only requires discrete nodes constructed on the surface of a domain. The preconditioned GMERS is employed to solve the resulting system of equations. At each iteration step of the GMERS, the matrix-vector multiplication is accelerated by the fast multipole method (FMM). The fundamental solution of three-dimensional elasticity problem is expanded in terms of series. An oct-tree data structure is adopted to More >