@Article{chd.12545,
AUTHOR = {Amir-Reza Hosseinpour, Marie-Hélène Perez, David Longchamp, Jacques Cotting, Nicole Sekarski, Michel Hurni, René Prêtre, Stefano Di Bernardo},
TITLE = {Age is not a good predictor of irreversibility of pulmonary hypertension in congenital cardiac malformations with left-to-right shunt},
JOURNAL = {Structural and Congenital Heart Disease},
VOLUME = {13},
YEAR = {2018},
NUMBER = {2},
PAGES = {210--216},
URL = {http://www.techscience.com/schd/v13n2/38958},
ISSN = {3071-1738},
ABSTRACT = {<b>Objective:</b> Congenital cardiac malformations with high pulmonary blood flow and pressure due to
left-to-right shunts are usually repaired in early infancy for both the benefits of early relief of heart
failure and the fear that the concomitant pulmonary hypertension may become irreversible unless
these defects are corrected at an early age. Age, however, has been a poor predictor of irreversibility of pulmonary hypertension in our experience, which is presented here.<br/>
<b>Design:</b> A retrospective observational study. We defined “late” as age ≥2 years. We examined
clinical, echocardiographic, and hemodynamic data from all patients aged ≥2 years with such
malformations referred to us from 2004 untill 2015.<br/>
<b>Setting:</b> Department of Pediatric Cardiology and Cardiac Surgery, University Hospital of Vaud,
Lausanne, Switzerland.<br/>
<b>Patients:</b> There were 39 patients, aged 2–35 years (median: 5 years), without chromosomal
abnormalities. All had malformations amenable to biventricular repair, and all had high systolic right
ventricular pressures by echocardiography prior to referral.<br/>
<b>Interventions:</b> All patients underwent catheterization for assessment of pulmonary hypertension.
If this was reversible, surgical correction was offered.<br/>
<b>Outcome measures:</b> (1) Operability based on reversibility of pulmonary hypertension. (2) When
surgery was offered, mortality and evidence of persisting postoperative pulmonary hypertension
were examined.<br/>
<b>Results:</b> Eighteen patients had no pulmonary hypertension, 5 of variable ages were inoperable due
to irreversible pulmonary hypertension, and 16 had reversible pulmonary hypertension. Therefore,
34 patients underwent corrective surgery, with no immediate or late mortality. Pulmonary arterial
and right ventricular pressures decreased noticeably in all operated patients. This is sustained to
date; they are all asymptomatic with no echocardiographic evidence of pulmonary hypertension at
a median follow-up of 7 years (range 2–13 years).<br/>
<b>Conclusions:</b> Pulmonary hypertension may still be reversible in many surprisingly old patients with
left-to-right shunt lesions, who may therefore still be operable.},
DOI = {10.1111/chd.12545}
}