@Article{chd.12617,
AUTHOR = {Christopher R. Broda, Hamsini Sriraman, Devanshi Wadhwa, YunFei Wang, Hari Tunuguntla, Ayse Akcan-Arikan, Peter R. Ermis, Jack F. Price},
TITLE = {Renal dysfunction is associated with higher central venous pressures in patients with Fontan circulation},
JOURNAL = {Structural and Congenital Heart Disease},
VOLUME = {13},
YEAR = {2018},
NUMBER = {4},
PAGES = {602--607},
URL = {http://www.techscience.com/schd/v13n4/39032},
ISSN = {3071-1738},
ABSTRACT = {<b>Purpose:</b> Elevated central venous pressure (CVP) has deleterious effects on several organ systems
in patients with Fontan circulation. However, the relationship between CVP and estimated glomerular filtration rate (eGFR) has not been assessed in patients with Fontan circulation.<br/>
<b>Methods:</b> Patients with Fontan circulation whose hemodynamics were assessed by catheterization
between 1987 and 2015 and had a serum creatinine measured within 72 hours prior to the procedure were included for analysis. Patients with primary kidney disease were excluded. Renal
function was calculated by “bedside Schwartz” equation in children (< 18 years) and Modification
of Diet in Renal Disease equation in adults. Renal dysfunction (RD) was defined by eGFR< 90 mL/
min/1.73 m<sup>2</sup>
. Fontan patients with and without RD were compared based on demographics, comorbidities, medication use, echocardiographic findings, hemodynamics assessed at time of catheterization, and laboratory testing values.<br/>
<b>Results:</b> Sixty-seven patients with Fontan circulation met inclusion criteria and 15 patients (22%) had
RD; eGFR (mL/min/1.73 m<sup>2</sup>
) was 60-89 in 13 (87%), 45-59 in 1 (7%), and 30-45 in 1 (7%). Compared
to patients with eGFR equal to or greater than 90, patients with RD had higher CVP (18.0 [15.0-21.0]
mm Hg vs 13.5 [12.3-16.0] mm Hg (P = 0.001), lower pulmonary blood flow 2.2 [1.9-2.6] L/min/m<sup>2</sup>
vs 2.8 [2.3-3.7] L/min/m2
, higher ventricular end-diastolic pressure 10.5 [7.0-17.3] mm Hg vs 8.0
[6.0-10.0] mm Hg (P = 0.050), were more likely to have worse atrioventricular valve regurgitation
(P = 0.02) and were more likely to be African American (P = 0.009). After multivariant analysis of relevant hemodynamic parameters, only CVP remained associated with RD (P = 0.035).<br/>
<b>Conclusions:</b> In this study population, renal dysfunction in patients with Fontan circulation is associated
with increased CVP and factors that affect CVP. African Americans with Fontan circulation may be at
particular risk for renal dysfunction. Continued investigation of the effects of venous congestion on kidneys and other factors associated with renal dysfunction in patients with Fontan circulation is warranted.},
DOI = {10.1111/chd.12617}
}