@Article{chd.12620,
AUTHOR = {Juan Lizandro Rodríguez‐Hernández, Fayna Rodríguez‐González, Marta Riaño‐Ruiz, Efrén Martínez‐Quintana},
TITLE = {Risk factors for hyperuricemia in congenital heart disease  patients and its relation to cardiovascular death},
JOURNAL = {Structural and Congenital Heart Disease},
VOLUME = {13},
YEAR = {2018},
NUMBER = {5},
PAGES = {655--662},
URL = {http://www.techscience.com/schd/v13n5/39041},
ISSN = {3071-1738},
ABSTRACT = {<b>Introduction:</b> Hyperuricemia has been associated with cardiovascular risk factors but
it remains controversial if uric acid is an independent predictor of cardiac mortality.<br/>
<b>Methods:</b> A total of 503 CHD patients (457 nonhypoxemic and 46 hypoxemic) and
772 control patients fulfilled inclusion criteria. Demographic, clinical, and analytical
data [serum uric acid and 24h urine uric acid levels, N‐terminal pro‐B‐type natriuretic
peptide (NT‐pro‐BNP), and C‐reactive‐protein (CRP) concentrations] were studied.
Survivals curves to determine cardiac death and arterial thrombosis in CHD patients
were also examined.<br/>
<b>Results:</b> Noncyanotic and cyanotic CHD patients had significant higher serum uric
acid concentration (5.2 ± 1.5 vs 4.9 ± 1.3mg/dL, P = .007 and 6.7 ± 2.1 vs 4.9 ± 1.3mg/
dL, P < .001, respectively) and gout (1% vs 0%, P = .003 and 4% vs 0%, P < .01, respec‐
tively) than the control population. Among CHD patients, hyperuricemic patients
were significant older and with overweight, used more diuretics, were more cyanotic
and had higher serum creatinine, NT‐pro‐BNP and CRP concentrations than nonhy‐
peruricemic. In the multivariable analysis, the body mass index (BMI) (OR 1.09; 95%
CI 1.01–1.18), cyanosis (OR 6.2; 95 CI 1.5–24.6), serum creatinine concentration (OR
49; 95% CI 44–538), and being under diuretic treatment (OR 4.5; 95% CI 1.4–14.5)
proved to be risk factors for hyperuricemia in CHD patients. The Kaplan–Meier
events free survival curves, during a 5.2 ± 2.7 years follow‐up of up time, showed that
hyperuricemic CHD patients had significant higher cardiovascular death (P = .002).
However, after applying the Cox regression analysis uric acid levels lost its statistical
significance. No significant differences were seen in relation to thrombotic events
between CHD patients with and without hyperuricemia.<br/>
<b>Conclusions:</b> CHD patients, noncyanotic and cyanotic, have higher serum uric acid
levels and gout than patients in the general population. BMI, renal insufficiency, cya‐
nosis, and the use of diuretics were risk factor for hyperuricemia among CHD
patients.},
DOI = {10.1111/chd.12620}
}