@Article{chd.12711,
AUTHOR = {Ruth Seaton, Chandler Williams, Julia Peredo},
TITLE = {Comparative case studies: PDAs treated with medication, surgical ligation, and transcatheter device closure},
JOURNAL = {Structural and Congenital Heart Disease},
VOLUME = {14},
YEAR = {2019},
NUMBER = {1},
PAGES = {65--68},
URL = {http://www.techscience.com/schd/v14n1/38744},
ISSN = {3071-1738},
ABSTRACT = {The ductus arteriosus is a lifeline for the developing fetus prior to delivery, allowing 
the circulation of oxygen‐rich blood from the placenta to bypass the lungs and per‐
fuse the body. However, when the ductus fails to close after birth, the pressures can 
cause blood to shunt from the aorta back into the lungs, causing pulmonary edema. 
This is called a left‐to‐right shunt. The patent ductus arteriosus (PDA) can also shunt 
blood from the pulmonary arteries to the aorta, bypassing the lungs and causing oxy‐
gen‐poor blood to mix with the oxygen‐rich blood circulating to the body. This is 
called a right‐to‐left shunt. Too much shunting in either direction can cause signifi‐
cant long‐term problems for the neonate. These three case studies compare the out‐
comes of patients with PDAs closed using different treatment techniques. The first 
patient’s ductus arteriosus closed >2 months after birth following pharmacologic 
treatment. The second was closed by surgical ligation. The third was closed by tran‐
scatheter device closure.},
DOI = {10.1111/chd.12711}
}