@Article{chd.12685,
AUTHOR = {Georges Ephrem, Camden Hebson, Anitha John, Estella Moore, Maan Jokhadar, Ryan Ford, Gruschen Veldtman, Yoav Dori, Michelle Gurvitz, Brian Kogon, Adrienne Kovacs, Meghan Roswick, Michael McConnell, Wendy M. Book, Fred Rodriguez III},
TITLE = {Frontiers in Fontan failure: Innovation and improving outcomes: A conference summary},
JOURNAL = {Structural and Congenital Heart Disease},
VOLUME = {14},
YEAR = {2019},
NUMBER = {2},
PAGES = {128--137},
URL = {http://www.techscience.com/schd/v14n2/38755},
ISSN = {3071-1738},
ABSTRACT = {The initial “Frontiers in Fontan Failure” conference in 2015 in Atlanta, Georgia, provided an 
opportunity for experts in the field of pediatric cardiology and adult congenital heart disease 
to focus on the etiology, physiology, and potential interventions for patients with “Failing 
Fontan” physiology. Four types of “Fontan Failure” were described and then published by Dr 
Book et al. The acknowledgment that even Dr Fontan himself realized that the Fontan proce‐
dure “imposed a gradually declining functional capacity and premature late death after an initial 
period of often excellent palliation.” The purpose of the second “Frontiers in Fontan Failure” 
was to further the discussion regarding new data and technologies as well as novel interven‐
tions. The 2017 “Frontiers in Fontan Failure: Innovation and Improving Outcomes” was spon‐
sored by Children’s Healthcare of Atlanta, Sibley Heart Center Cardiology, and Emory 
University School of Medicine. Future directions in the management of Fontan failure include 
further investigations into the risk of sudden cardiac death and how to properly prevent it, 
achievable interventions in modifying the Fontan physiology to treat or prevent late complica‐
tions, and improved and refined algorithms in Fontan surveillance. Finally, further research into 
the interventional treatment of lymphatic‐related complications hold the promise of marked 
improvement in the quality of life of advanced Fontan failure patients and as such should be 
encouraged and contributed to.},
DOI = {10.1111/chd.12685}
}