Open Access
ARTICLE
Geophysical and Production Data History Matching Based on Ensemble Smoother with Multiple Data Assimilation
Zelong Wang1, 2, 3, *, Xiangui Liu1, 2, 3, Haifa Tang3, Zhikai Lv3, Qunming Liu3
1 University of the Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100049, China.
2 Institute of Porous Flow and Fluid Mechanics, The Chinese Academy of Sciences, Langfang, 065007, China.
3 Petro China Research Institute of Petroleum Exploration and Development, Beijing, 100083, China.
* Corresponding Author: Zelong Wang. Email: .
(This article belongs to this Special Issue: Advances in Modeling and Simulation of Complex Heat Transfer and Fluid Flow)
Computer Modeling in Engineering & Sciences 2020, 123(2), 873-893. https://doi.org/10.32604/cmes.2020.08993
Received 31 October 2019; Accepted 04 December 2019; Issue published 01 May 2020
Abstract
The Ensemble Kalman Filter (EnKF), as the most popular sequential data
assimilation algorithm for history matching, has the intrinsic problem of high computational
cost and the potential inconsistency of state variables updated at each loop of data
assimilation and its corresponding reservoir simulated result. This problem forbids the
reservoir engineers to make the best use of the 4D seismic data, which provides valuable
information about the fluid change inside the reservoir. Moreover, only matching the
production data in the past is not enough to accurately forecast the future, and the
development plan based on the false forecast is very likely to be suboptimal. To solve this
problem, we developed a workflow for geophysical and production data history matching by
modifying ensemble smoother with multiple data assimilation (ESMDA). In this work, we
derived the mathematical expressions of ESMDA and discussed its scope of applications.
The geophysical data we used is P-wave impedance, which is typically included in a basic
seismic interpretation, and it directly reflects the saturation change in the reservoir. Full
resolution of the seismic data is not necessary, we subsampled the P-wave impedance data
to further reduce the computational cost. With our case studies on a benchmark synthetic
reservoir model, we also showed the supremacy of matching both geophysical and
production data, than the traditional reservoir history matching merely on the production data:
the overall percentage error of the observed data is halved, and the variances of the updated
forecasts are reduced by two orders of the magnitude.
Keywords
Cite This Article
Wang, Z., Liu, X., Tang, H., Lv, Z., Liu, Q. (2020). Geophysical and Production Data History Matching Based on Ensemble Smoother with Multiple Data Assimilation.
CMES-Computer Modeling in Engineering & Sciences, 123(2), 873–893. https://doi.org/10.32604/cmes.2020.08993
Citations