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Computers, Materials & Continua
ARTICLE

Semi-Supervised Segmentation Framework for Quantitative Analysis of Material Microstructure Images

Quantitative analysis of aluminum-silicon (Al-Si) alloy microstructure is crucial for evaluating and controlling alloy performance. Conventional analysis...

Computers, Materials & Continua
REVIEW

Recent Advances in Deep-Learning Side-Channel Attacks on AES Implementations

Internet of Things (IoTs) devices are bringing about a revolutionary change our society by enabling connectivity regardless of time and location. However,...

Computers, Materials & Continua
ARTICLE

Simulation Analysis of the Extrusion Process for Complex Cross-Sectional Profiles of Ultra-High Strength Aluminum Alloy

Ultra-high-strength aluminum alloy profile is an ideal choice for aerospace structural materials due to its excellent specific strength and corrosion...

Computers, Materials & Continua
REVIEW

A State-of-the-Art Survey of Adversarial Reinforcement Learning for IoT Intrusion Detection

Adversarial Reinforcement Learning (ARL) models for intelligent devices and Network Intrusion Detection Systems (NIDS) improve system resilience against...

Fluid Dynamics & Materials Processing
ARTICLE

Tesla-Valve-Based Wind Barriers for Energy Dissipation and Aerodynamic Load Reduction on Trains

Predicting the precise impacts of climate change on extreme winds remains challenging, yet strong storms are widely expected to occur more frequently...

Fluid Dynamics & Materials Processing
REVIEW

Hypersonic Flow over V-Shaped Leading Edges: A Review of Shock Interactions and Aerodynamic Loads

For hypersonic air-breathing vehicles, the V-shaped leading edges (VSLEs) of supersonic combustion ramjet (scramjet) inlets experience complex shock interactions...

International Journal of Mental Health...
REVIEW

Mental Health and Well-Being of Doctoral Students: A Systematic Review

Background: Mental health concerns among doctoral students have become increasingly prominent, with consistently low levels of well-being making this...

International Journal of Mental Health...
ARTICLE

Parental Phubbing and Parenting Styles’ Effect on Adolescent Bullying Involvement Depending on Their Attachments to Significant Adults

Background: Bullying is a current social and educational problem with detrimental consequences in adolescence and later life stages. Previous research...

Computer Modeling in Engineering & Sciences
ARTICLE

Inverse Design of Composite Materials Based on Latent Space and Bayesian Optimization

Inverse design of advanced materials represents a pivotal challenge in materials science. Leveraging the latent space of Variational Autoencoders (VAEs)...

Computer Modeling in Engineering & Sciences
REVIEW

Learning from Scarcity: A Review of Deep Learning Strategies for Cold-Start Energy Time-Series Forecasting

Predicting the behavior of renewable energy systems requires models capable of generating accurate forecasts from limited historical data, a challenge...

Energy Engineering
ARTICLE

An Electricity-Carbon Synergy-Driven Optimization Method for Low-Carbon Operation of Multi-Energy Parks

In the pursuit of carbon peaking and neutrality goals, multi-energy parks, as major energy consumers and carbon emitters, urgently require low-carbon...

Energy Engineering
ARTICLE

Performance Evaluation of the Hybrid Heat Pump to Decarbonize the Buildings Sector: Energetic, Environmental and Economic Characterization

Decarbonising the building sector, particularly residential heating, represents a critical challenge for achieving carbon-neutral energy systems. Efficient...

BIOCELL
REVIEW

Role of NETosis in the Pathogenesis of Respiratory Diseases: Molecular Mechanisms and Emerging Insights

Neutrophil extracellular trap (NET) formation or NETosis is a specialized innate immune process in which neutrophils release chromatin fibers decorated...

BIOCELL
REVIEW

The Yin–Yang of Stress and Senescence: Integrated Stress Response and SASP Crosstalk in Stem Cell Fate, Regeneration, and Disease

Stem cell fate decisions are increasingly understood through the dynamic interplay of two fundamental stress-adaptive programs: the integrated stress...

Oncology Research
REVIEW

The Frontier of Melanoma Treatment: Defeating Immunotherapy Resistance—A Systematic Review

Objectives: Immunotherapy based on immune checkpoint blockade (ICB) has become a key treatment for melanoma. However, the increasing number of cases of...

Oncology Research
ARTICLE

An In Vitro Investigation of 5-Aminolevulinic Acid Mediated Photodynamic Therapy in Bone Sarcoma

Background: Photodynamic therapy (PDT) may eradicate residual malignant cells following sarcoma resection, through reactive oxygen species (ROS) mediated...

BIOCELL
Special Issue

Epigenetic and ncRNA Biomarkers in Cancer: Diagnostic and Prognostic Value

Cancer remains one of the leading causes of morbidity and mortality worldwide, and its onset and progression are closely linked to dysregulated epigenetic...

Fluid Dynamics & Materials Processing
Special Issue

Fluid and Thermal Dynamics in the Development of Unconventional Resources III

Further advancements in the exploitation of unconventional resources, such as tight gas, shale gas, shale oil, coalbed methane, and natural gas hydrate,...

Computer Modeling in Engineering & Sciences
Special Issue

Machine Learning and Deep Learning-Based Pattern Recognition

In today’s digital era, patterns are omnipresent, shaping many aspects of our lives. These patterns can be physically observed or computationally identified...

Revue Internationale de Géomatique
Special Issue

Advancements in Geospatial Methods and Technologies for Sustainable Built Environment and Engineering

This theme captures the essence of advanced technologies (AI, machine learning, big data), modern applications (climate change, smart cities, health research),...

Oncology Research
Special Issue

Transcriptome Analysis in Tumor Microenvironment and Tumor Heterogeneity

The tumor microenvironment encompasses not only the tumor cells themselves, but also the surrounding fibroblasts, immunological and inflammatory cells,...

BIOCELL
Special Issue

The Role of γδ T Cells and iNKT Cells in Cancer: Unraveling Molecular Mechanisms and Therapeutic Potential

This special issue seeks original research and review articles on the roles of γδ T cells and invariant natural killer T (iNKT) cells in malignancies....

Computer Modeling in Engineering & Sciences
Special Issue

Cutting-Edge Security and Privacy Solutions for Next-Generation Intelligent Mobile Internet Technologies and Applications

The mobile internet has revolutionized our daily lives, providing continuous connectivity, communication, and access to a wide range of services and applications...

Computers, Materials & Continua
Special Issue

Machine Vision Detection and Intelligent Recognition

Machine vision detection and intelligent recognition are important research areas in computer vision with wide-ranging applications in manufacturing,...

Computers, Materials & Continua
ARTICLE

Semi-Supervised Segmentation Framework for Quantitative Analysis of Material Microstructure Images

Quantitative analysis of aluminum-silicon (Al-Si) alloy microstructure is crucial for evaluating and controlling alloy performance. Conventional analysis...

Computers, Materials & Continua
REVIEW

Recent Advances in Deep-Learning Side-Channel Attacks on AES Implementations

Internet of Things (IoTs) devices are bringing about a revolutionary change our society by enabling connectivity regardless of time and location. However,...

Computers, Materials & Continua
ARTICLE

Simulation Analysis of the Extrusion Process for Complex Cross-Sectional Profiles of Ultra-High Strength Aluminum Alloy

Ultra-high-strength aluminum alloy profile is an ideal choice for aerospace structural materials due to its excellent specific strength and corrosion...

Computers, Materials & Continua
REVIEW

A State-of-the-Art Survey of Adversarial Reinforcement Learning for IoT Intrusion Detection

Adversarial Reinforcement Learning (ARL) models for intelligent devices and Network Intrusion Detection Systems (NIDS) improve system resilience against...

Fluid Dynamics & Materials Processing
ARTICLE

Tesla-Valve-Based Wind Barriers for Energy Dissipation and Aerodynamic Load Reduction on Trains

Predicting the precise impacts of climate change on extreme winds remains challenging, yet strong storms are widely expected to occur more frequently...

Fluid Dynamics & Materials Processing
REVIEW

Hypersonic Flow over V-Shaped Leading Edges: A Review of Shock Interactions and Aerodynamic Loads

For hypersonic air-breathing vehicles, the V-shaped leading edges (VSLEs) of supersonic combustion ramjet (scramjet) inlets experience complex shock interactions...

International Journal of Mental Health...
REVIEW

Mental Health and Well-Being of Doctoral Students: A Systematic Review

Background: Mental health concerns among doctoral students have become increasingly prominent, with consistently low levels of well-being making this...

International Journal of Mental Health...
ARTICLE

Parental Phubbing and Parenting Styles’ Effect on Adolescent Bullying Involvement Depending on Their Attachments to Significant Adults

Background: Bullying is a current social and educational problem with detrimental consequences in adolescence and later life stages. Previous research...

Computer Modeling in Engineering & Sciences
ARTICLE

Inverse Design of Composite Materials Based on Latent Space and Bayesian Optimization

Inverse design of advanced materials represents a pivotal challenge in materials science. Leveraging the latent space of Variational Autoencoders (VAEs)...

Computer Modeling in Engineering & Sciences
REVIEW

Learning from Scarcity: A Review of Deep Learning Strategies for Cold-Start Energy Time-Series Forecasting

Predicting the behavior of renewable energy systems requires models capable of generating accurate forecasts from limited historical data, a challenge...

Energy Engineering
ARTICLE

An Electricity-Carbon Synergy-Driven Optimization Method for Low-Carbon Operation of Multi-Energy Parks

In the pursuit of carbon peaking and neutrality goals, multi-energy parks, as major energy consumers and carbon emitters, urgently require low-carbon...

Energy Engineering
ARTICLE

Performance Evaluation of the Hybrid Heat Pump to Decarbonize the Buildings Sector: Energetic, Environmental and Economic Characterization

Decarbonising the building sector, particularly residential heating, represents a critical challenge for achieving carbon-neutral energy systems. Efficient...

BIOCELL
REVIEW

Role of NETosis in the Pathogenesis of Respiratory Diseases: Molecular Mechanisms and Emerging Insights

Neutrophil extracellular trap (NET) formation or NETosis is a specialized innate immune process in which neutrophils release chromatin fibers decorated...

BIOCELL
REVIEW

The Yin–Yang of Stress and Senescence: Integrated Stress Response and SASP Crosstalk in Stem Cell Fate, Regeneration, and Disease

Stem cell fate decisions are increasingly understood through the dynamic interplay of two fundamental stress-adaptive programs: the integrated stress...

Oncology Research
REVIEW

The Frontier of Melanoma Treatment: Defeating Immunotherapy Resistance—A Systematic Review

Objectives: Immunotherapy based on immune checkpoint blockade (ICB) has become a key treatment for melanoma. However, the increasing number of cases of...

Oncology Research
ARTICLE

An In Vitro Investigation of 5-Aminolevulinic Acid Mediated Photodynamic Therapy in Bone Sarcoma

Background: Photodynamic therapy (PDT) may eradicate residual malignant cells following sarcoma resection, through reactive oxygen species (ROS) mediated...

BIOCELL
Special Issue

Epigenetic and ncRNA Biomarkers in Cancer: Diagnostic and Prognostic Value

Cancer remains one of the leading causes of morbidity and mortality worldwide, and its onset and progression are closely linked to dysregulated epigenetic...

Fluid Dynamics & Materials Processing
Special Issue

Fluid and Thermal Dynamics in the Development of Unconventional Resources III

Further advancements in the exploitation of unconventional resources, such as tight gas, shale gas, shale oil, coalbed methane, and natural gas hydrate,...

Computer Modeling in Engineering & Sciences
Special Issue

Machine Learning and Deep Learning-Based Pattern Recognition

In today’s digital era, patterns are omnipresent, shaping many aspects of our lives. These patterns can be physically observed or computationally identified...

Revue Internationale de Géomatique
Special Issue

Advancements in Geospatial Methods and Technologies for Sustainable Built Environment and Engineering

This theme captures the essence of advanced technologies (AI, machine learning, big data), modern applications (climate change, smart cities, health research),...

Oncology Research
Special Issue

Transcriptome Analysis in Tumor Microenvironment and Tumor Heterogeneity

The tumor microenvironment encompasses not only the tumor cells themselves, but also the surrounding fibroblasts, immunological and inflammatory cells,...

BIOCELL
Special Issue

The Role of γδ T Cells and iNKT Cells in Cancer: Unraveling Molecular Mechanisms and Therapeutic Potential

This special issue seeks original research and review articles on the roles of γδ T cells and invariant natural killer T (iNKT) cells in malignancies....

Computer Modeling in Engineering & Sciences
Special Issue

Cutting-Edge Security and Privacy Solutions for Next-Generation Intelligent Mobile Internet Technologies and Applications

The mobile internet has revolutionized our daily lives, providing continuous connectivity, communication, and access to a wide range of services and applications...

Computers, Materials & Continua
Special Issue

Machine Vision Detection and Intelligent Recognition

Machine vision detection and intelligent recognition are important research areas in computer vision with wide-ranging applications in manufacturing,...

Mistletoe Lectin Overcomes Macrophage-Mediated Chemo-Resistance in 3D Co-Culture Models of Triple-Negative Breast Cancer

Objective: Tumor-associated macrophages (TAMs) contribute to chemoresistance in triple-negative breast cancer (TNBC), yet strategies to reprogram TAMs while enhancing chemotherapy efficacy remain limited. This study investigated whether Viscum album L. var. coloratum agglutinin (VCA) could sensitize TNBC cells to doxorubicin (DOX) and modulate TAM-mediated chemoresistance in three-dimensional (3D) co-culture models. Methods: MDA-MB-231 TNBC cells were co-cultured with RAW264.7 macrophages in collagen-embedded 3D spheroids. Spheroid viability was assessed using an ATP-based luminescent assay. Cytokine secretion and epithelial-mesenchymal transition…

BIOCELL
Article

LncRNA FOXD2-AS1 Promotes Early Osteogenic Differentiation of H-BMSCs by Activating the JAK2/STAT3 Signaling Pathway

Objectives: The discovery of novel molecular targets to enhance the osteogenesis of human bone marrow-derived mesenchymal stem cells (H-BMSCs) represents a promising strategy for preventing and treating osteoporosis. Thus, the primary objective of this study is to elucidate the mechanisms by which long non-coding RNA FOXD2-AS1 (lncRNA FOXD2-AS1) regulates early osteogenic differentiation in H-BMSCs, thereby identifying potential therapeutic targets. Methods: Lentivirus-mediated vectors were constructed to either overexpress or silence FOXD2-AS1 in H-BMSCs. The effects of…

BIOCELL
Article

Immunoregulatory Subpopulations of iNKT Cells and Myeloid-Derived Suppressor Cells in Chronic Lymphocytic Leukemia: Implications for Disease Progression and Immune Evasion

Objectives: Chronic lymphocytic leukemia (CLL) is characterized by progressive immune dysregulation. Invariant natural killer T (iNKT) cells support immune surveillance, but the clinical relevance of their regulatory subsets remains unclear. FoxP3⁺ regulatory iNKT cells (iNKTreg) and E4BP4⁺IL-10⁺ (iNKT10) cells may reflect immunoregulatory changes associated with disease progression. The study aimed to quantify circulating iNKTreg and iNKT10 subsets and monocytic myeloid-derived suppressor cells (M-MDSCs) in treatment-naïve CLL patients and evaluate their associations with disease characteristics and time…

BIOCELL
Review

Melatonin and Mitochondrial Function: Insights into Bioenergetics, Dynamics, and Gene Regulation

Mitochondria are central regulators of cellular energy metabolism, redox balance, and survival, and their dysfunction contributes to neurodegenerative, cardiovascular, and metabolic diseases, as well as aging. Beyond its role as a circadian hormone, melatonin is now recognized as a key modulator of mitochondrial physiology. This review provides an overview of the mechanisms by which melatonin can preserve mitochondrial function through multifaceted mechanisms. Experimental evidence shows that melatonin enhances the activity of electron transport chain (ETC)…

BIOCELL
Article

Cellular Knockdown of SELENOM Promotes Apoptosis Induction in Human Glioblastoma (A-172) Cells via Redox Imbalance

Objectives: Glioblastoma multiforme (GBM) is highly resistant to apoptosis. This study investigates the role of Selenoprotein M (SELENOM), a redox-regulating protein, in the response of human glioblastoma A-172 cells to staurosporine (STS) and hyperthermia. Methods: A stable SELENOM-knockdown (SELENOM-KD) cell line was created. We measured reactive oxygen species (ROS), mitochondrial membrane potential (ΔΨm), cell death, and apoptotic gene expression. Results: SELENOM-KD increased basal ROS levels and induced mitochondrial dysfunction. It sensitized cells to STS-induced apoptosis, enhancing

BIOCELL
Review

The Role of Neutrophil Extracellular Traps in Periodontitis Pathogenesis: A Systematic Review of Ex Vivo Studies

Objectives: Neutrophil extracellular traps (NETs) have emerged as critical effectors in immune defense but also as potential drivers of tissue damage in chronic inflammatory diseases. Their role in periodontitis, a highly prevalent condition characterized by dysregulated host–microbe interactions, remains incompletely defined. This systematic review aimed to synthesize, for the first time, ex vivo human evidence on the presence, activity, and clinical significance of NETs in periodontitis. Methods: A comprehensive search of Medline, Web of Science, and…

BIOCELL
Review

The Therapeutic Potential of CAR γδ T Cells: From Cancer to Autoimmune Disease

The paradigm of cancer treatment has been reshaped by chimeric antigen receptor (CAR) αβ T cell therapy, yet its full potential remains constrained by fundamental limitations. While conventional CAR αβ T cells have achieved notable success in hematological malignancies, their broader application is hindered by the high cost and delays of autologous manufacturing, as well as the critical risk of graft-vs-host disease (GvHD). In addition, their efficacy against solid tumors is often compromised by the…

BIOCELL
Review

Advancements and Challenges of Gamma Delta (γδ) T Cell- and Invariant Natural Killer T (iNKT) Cell-Based Cancer Immunotherapies

Gamma delta (γδ) T cells and invariant natural killer T (iNKT) cells are unconventional T cells with limited T cell receptor (TCR) diversity. Both can recognize lipid or non-peptide antigens, often through cluster of differentiation 1d (CD1d), rapidly produce cytokines, express natural killer (NK) cell markers, and are mainly found in mucosal and barrier tissues. Acting as a bridge between innate and adaptive immunity, they show great promise for cancer immunotherapy. Developing γδ T and…

BIOCELL
Review

Natural Killer Cell Cytotoxicity: STAT3 Interactions with NF-κB Dimer Composition Modulate Mitochondrial Melatonergic Pathway: Tumor, and Viral Infection Treatment Implications^#

As natural killer (NK) cells eliminate cancer cells and virus-infected cells, as well as modulate various other medical conditions, including aging-associated conditions such as neurodegenerative disorders, understanding NK cell regulation is of considerable clinical importance. This article reviews the role of circadian processes (melatonin and the cortisol system), aryl hydrocarbon receptor, and vagal nerve in the modulation of NK cell function, highlighting the importance of the endogenous mitochondrial melatonergic pathway in NK cells. As circadian…

BIOCELL
Review

How Do LncRNAs Talk to miRNAs? Decoding Their Dialogue in Atherosclerosis

Atherosclerosis, characterized by the formation of fibrofatty lesions in the arterial wall, remains a leading cause of global morbidity and mortality. Emerging evidence highlights the critical regulatory roles of long non-coding RNAs (lncRNAs) and microRNAs (miRNAs) in atherogenesis. LncRNAs can function as competing endogenous RNAs (ceRNAs) by sponging miRNAs, thereby modulating the expression of downstream target mRNAs. This review summarizes current knowledge on lncRNA-miRNA-mRNA regulatory networks and their functional roles in the three major cell…

BIOCELL
Article

Lithospermic Acid Promotes Osteoblast Proliferation and Differentiation through the Wnt/β-Catenin Signaling Pathway

Objectives: Therapeutic strategies for enhancing bone regeneration and combating osteoporosis remain a significant unmet medical need. This study aims to elucidate Lithospermic acid (LA)’s regulatory effects on osteoblast proliferation and differentiation, investigating its viability as a bone-healing agent. Methods: This study employed various cellular and molecular biology experiments to assess the effects of LA on the viability, proliferation, cell cycle, apoptosis, differentiation, mineralization, and migration of MC3T3-E1 osteoblasts. Immunofluorescence and Western blot analyses were conducted…

BIOCELL
Article

USP29 Represses the Osteoclastic Differentiation of Human CD14⁺ Peripheral Blood Mononuclear Cells by Stabilizing MafB

Objectives: Dysregulated osteoclast function contributes to skeletal diseases. However, the specific ubiquitination regulators of the osteoclastogenesis repressor MafB, particularly at the post-translational level, remain undefined. This study aims to identify ubiquitin-specific proteases (USPs) that deubiquitinate MafB and enhance its stability. Methods: We constructed a MafB-conjugated luciferase and overexpressed 40 individual USPs, measuring changes in luciferase activity. The identified USP was overexpressed in human CD14⁺ peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMCs) to evaluate its effect. Osteoclast differentiation was…

Journal on Artificial Intelligence
Article

Fine Tuned QA Models for Java Programming

As education continues to evolve alongside artificial intelligence, there is growing interest in how large language models (LLMs) can support more personalized and intelligent learning experiences. This study focuses on building a domain-specific question answering (QA) system tailored to computer science education, with a particular emphasis on Java programming. While transformer-based models such as BERT, RoBERTa, and DistilBERT have demonstrated strong performance on general-purpose datasets like SQuAD, they often struggle with technical educational content where…

Journal on Artificial Intelligence
Article

A Novel Math-Inspired Metaheuristic Algorithm for Retinal Vessel Segmentation: Quadratic Interpolation Optimization (QIO) Algorithm

Math-inspired metaheuristic algorithms stand out with their simple algorithm structures and the inclusion of fewer control parameters. In this study, the recently proposed math-inspired Quadratic Interpolation Optimization (QIO) algorithm was improved as a clustering-based algorithm and then applied to retinal vessel segmentation. Afterwards, its performance was compared with the math-inspired Sine Cosine Algorithm (SCA) and Arithmetic Optimization Algorithm (AOA), which have been frequently applied to engineering problems. First, the performance of the QIO algorithm was…

Journal on Artificial Intelligence
Article

Machine Learning Model Development for Classification of Audio Commands

This paper presents a comprehensive investigation into the development and evaluation of Convolutional Neural Network (CNN) models for limited-vocabulary spoken word classification, a fundamental component of many voice-controlled systems. Two distinct CNN architectures are examined: a timeseries 1D CNN that operates directly on the temporal waveform samples of the audio signal, and a 2D CNN that leverages the richer time–frequency representation provided by spectrograms. The study systematically analyzes the influence of key architectural and training…

European Cytokine Network
article

Association between interleukin-6 promoter polymorphisms and osteoporosis in javanese postmenopausal women

Background: The expression of the interleukin-6 (IL-6) gene promoter and its variations in postmenopausal women of Javanese ethnicity remains unexplored. This study aimed to examine IL-6 promoter polymorphisms at positions -174G/C, -572G/C, -597A/G, and -634C/G and their associations to osteoporosis status in Javanese postmenopausal women. Methods: A cross-sectional study was conducted at an elderly integrated service post in Sidoarjo, Indonesia. Among 699 screened individuals, 66 postmenopausal women fulfilled the inclusion and exclusion criteria. Bone mineral…