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ARTICLE

Valorization of Sugarcane Bagasse Ash for the Production of Sustainable Biobased Trays

Guilherme José Aguilar, Larissa Rodrigues Beitum, Ana Laura Garcia, Delia Rita Tapia-Blácido^*

Journal of Renewable Materials, Vol.14, No.8, 2026, DOI:10.32604/jrm.2026.02026-0029 - 26 August 2026
Abstract The search for sustainable alternatives to expanded polystyrene (EPS) has led to the development of starch-based foams reinforced with agro-industrial by-product. This study aimed to evaluate the effect of sugarcane bagasse ash (SBA) content on the physical, mechanical, and water-interaction properties of cassava starch foam trays, and to determine the maximum feasible ash content that could be incorporated. Sugarcane bagasse ash was collected from the boiler air preheater. Foam trays were prepared by thermopressing using cassava starch, guar gum, magnesium stearate, glycerol, and SBA at 0%, 2%, 5%, 8%, and 11%. The trays were characterized… More >

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REVIEW

Formation of Binder-Free Composites Based on Natural Materials: Structure, Mechanisms, and Prospects for Chemical Modification

Alexey E. Shkuro^1,*, Artyom V. Artyomov², Victor G. Buryndin², Anna S. Ershova², Tatyana V. Yakubova³

Journal of Renewable Materials, Vol.14, No.8, 2026, DOI:10.32604/jrm.2026.02025-0194 - 26 August 2026
（This article belongs to the Special Issue: Process and Engineering of Lignocellulose Utilization)
Abstract Binder-free lignocellulosic boards and molded composites are gaining momentum as low-emission alternatives to conventional wood-based panels because they exploit intrinsic self-bonding of biomass under hot pressing. This review critically analyzes structure-formation pathways in binder-free composites, focusing on (i) thermo-mechanical softening and flow of lignin as a natural adhesive phase, (ii) auto-hydrolysis of hemicelluloses generating organic acids and reactive furanic intermediates, and (iii) subsequent condensation and crosslinking reactions that consolidate the network. We compare process routes historically associated with Masonite-type fiber processing and Lignoplast-type direct compaction, highlighting how moisture, temperature, pressure, sealing degree, and particle morphology More >

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REVIEW

Renewable Polymeric Tissue Scaffolding: Trends in Structural Development

Huan Long¹, Emmanuel Abu-Danso^1,2,*, Mônica Rufino Senra^1,3, Leonid Ionov⁴, Jussi V. K. Kukkonen², Holger Ruckdäschel^1,5,*

Journal of Renewable Materials, Vol.14, No.8, 2026, DOI:10.32604/jrm.2026.02025-0198 - 26 August 2026
Abstract Polymeric scaffolds are now widely used in biomedical engineering to reconstruct tissues as well as other corrective medical applications. They are designed to promote the proliferation of the host cell and provide load-bearing capabilities. Through tailored fabrication methods and material compatibility, polymeric scaffolds can be applied either temporarily or permanently, and successful applications have resulted in commercialized products. Currently, there is a high interest in tissue scaffolds that combine both effective mechanical performance with efficient surface response functionalities. In this work, we performed an in-depth comparative analysis of tissue scaffolds made from renewable parent materials,… More >

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ARTICLE

Synergistic Effect of Low-Concentration ZnCl₂-Activated Bio-Carbon from Red Suren Leaves with Hierarchical Pore Structure and Self-Doping for High-Performance Supercapacitor Applications

Erman Taer^1,*, Novi Yanti¹, Asmarwati¹, Apriwandi¹, Abrar Ismardi², Indra Wahyudhin Fathona², Memoria Rosi², Bidayatul Armynah³, Dahlang Tahir³, Ninis Hadi Haryanti⁴, Suryajaya⁴, Isnasyauqiah⁵, Ida Usman⁶, Julnaidi⁷, Rika Taslim^8,*

Journal of Renewable Materials, Vol.14, No.8, 2026, DOI:10.32604/jrm.2026.02026-0022 - 26 August 2026
（This article belongs to the Special Issue: Renewable Nanostructured Porous Materials: Synthesis, Processing, and Applications)
Abstract The promotion of bio-carbon for developing superior electrodes has become a trending topic in realising the practical application of supercapacitor devices. This study aimed to prepare porous carbon (PC) with a taproot fiber-like nanostructure that was decorated with self-doped oxygen. The waste of red suren leaves (RSL) was further treated using a direct heating method with the catalyst effect of ZnCl₂ (0.3, 0.5, and 0.7 M) in an N₂/CO₂ environment at 850°C, being examined. The results showed that RSL@PC-0.5 exhibited the best amorphous carbon structure (FWHM = 0.105° and 0.182°). The specific surface area (SSA =… More >

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ARTICLE

In Situ Peracetic Acid-Driven Oxidative Delignification for Enhancing the Properties of Densified Randu Wood (Ceiba pentandra L. Gaertn.)

Nurhasnah¹, Naresworo Nugroho^1,*, Sarah Augustina^2,*, Silvia Uthari Nuzaverra Mayang Mangurai³, Deazy Rachmi Trisatya^1,2

Journal of Renewable Materials, Vol.14, No.8, 2026, DOI:10.32604/jrm.2026.02026-0027 - 26 August 2026
（This article belongs to the Special Issue: Densification of Wood and Biomass)
Abstract Randu wood is a fast-growing wood species with a low density, ranging from 0.21 to 0.28 g/cm³. This limits the utilization of this species, particularly for structural purposes. Improving the quality and strength of wood can be done by applying a densification process. The effectiveness of this process may be improved by applying in-situ delignification using peracetic acid as a pretreatment. Therefore, this study aimed to analyze the physical (moisture content and density), dimensional stability (TR-ratios, water absorption, and thickness swelling), spring-back (compression set, and compression-set recovery) and mechanical properties (Modulus of Rupture/MOR and Modulus of… More >

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ARTICLE

Thermodynamic Approach to Migration Stability of Biosourced Plasticizers via Hysteresis Analysis

Irina N. Vikhareva^*

Journal of Renewable Materials, Vol.14, No.8, 2026, DOI:10.32604/jrm.2026.02026-0042 - 26 August 2026
Abstract The development of efficient and migration-resistant plasticizers from renewable resources is an important challenge for the modern polymer industry. This work presents a thermodynamic approach for the rapid screening of novel bio-based plasticizers-esters of dicarboxylic acids. Using differential scanning calorimetry (DSC), the temperatures and enthalpies of melting and crystallization of the individual esters were determined, and the hysteresis of phase transition parameters was calculated as a predictive indicator. It is shown that bio-based butoxyethyl esters are characterized by low temperature hysteresis ΔT ~ 20°C and enthalpy hysteresis close to zero, indicating weak intermolecular interactions and… More >

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82

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REVIEW

Transforming the Leather Industry: A Comprehensive Review on Leather Alternatives

Alehegn Atalay Birlie^*

Journal of Renewable Materials, Vol.13, No.9, pp. 1783-1802, 2025, DOI:10.32604/jrm.2025.02025-0039
Abstract This study explores vegan leather, an eco-friendly substitute for conventional animal-derived leather. Using materials like polyurethane, pineapple leaves, cork, and recycled plastics, vegan leather aims to transform the fashion industry and consumer products while addressing environmental concerns. Despite its advantages, challenges related to availability and durability persist. The booming market for vegan leather is expected to reach billions of dollars, reflecting a broader societal shift towards sustainable and cruelty-free alternatives. The review traces the historical development of vegan leather from its origins in Germany to modern innovations like Mylo and Piñatex. By comparing these materials More >

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REVIEW

Application of Plant-Based Coagulants and Their Mechanisms in Water Treatment: A Review

Abderrezzaq Benalia^1,2,*, Kerroum Derbal², Zahra Amrouci^2,3, Ouiem Baatache², Amel Khalfaoui⁴, Antonio Pizzi^5,*

Journal of Renewable Materials, Vol.12, No.4, pp. 667-698, 2024, DOI:10.32604/jrm.2024.048306
（This article belongs to the Special Issue: Special Issue in Celebration of JRM 10 Years)
Abstract This review describes the mechanisms of natural coagulants. It provides a good understanding of the two key processes of coagulation-flocculation: adsorption and charge neutralization, as well as adsorption and bridging. Various factors have influence the coagulation/flocculation process, including the effect of pH, coagulant dosage, coagulant type, temperature, initial turbidity, coagulation speed, flocculation speed, coagulation and flocculation time, settling time, colloidal particles, zeta potential, the effects of humic acids, and extraction density are explained. The bio-coagulants derived from plants are outlined. The impact of organic coagulants on water quality, focusing on their effects on the physicochemical… More >

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A Review on Sources, Extractions and Analysis Methods of a Sustainable Biomaterial: Tannins

Antonio Pizzi^1,*, Marie-Pierre Laborie^2,3, Zeki Candan⁴

Journal of Renewable Materials, Vol.12, No.3, pp. 397-425, 2024, DOI:10.32604/jrm.2023.046074
（This article belongs to the Special Issue: Renewable and Biosourced Adhesives-2023)
Abstract Condensed and hydrolysable tannins are non-toxic natural polyphenols that are a commercial commodity industrialized for tanning hides to obtain leather and for a growing number of other industrial applications mainly to substitute petroleum-based products. They are a definite class of sustainable materials of the forestry industry. They have been in operation for hundreds of years to manufacture leather and now for a growing number of applications in a variety of other industries, such as wood adhesives, metal coating, pharmaceutical/medical applications and several others. This review presents the main sources, either already or potentially commercial of More >

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REVIEW

A Comprehensive Review of Natural Rubber Composites: Properties, Compounding Aspects, and Renewable Practices with Natural Fibre Reinforcement

Mohamad Firdaus Omar¹, Fathilah Ali^1,*, Mohammed Saedi Jami¹, Azlin Suhaida Azmi¹, Farah Ahmad¹, Mohd Zahid Marzuki², Shantha Kumari Muniyandi³, Zuraidah Zainudin⁴, Minsoo P. Kim⁵

Journal of Renewable Materials, Vol.13, No.3, pp. 497-538, 2025, DOI:10.32604/jrm.2024.057248
（This article belongs to the Special Issue: Recent Advances on Renewable Materials)
Abstract This review provides a comprehensive overview of natural rubber (NR) composites, focusing on their properties, compounding aspects, and renewable practices involving natural fibre reinforcement. The properties of NR are influenced by the compounding process, which incorporates ingredients such as elastomers, vulcanizing agents, accelerators, activators, and fillers like carbon black and silica. While effective in enhancing properties, these fillers lack biodegradability, prompting the exploration of sustainable alternatives. The potential of natural fibres as renewable reinforcements in NR composites is thoroughly covered in this review, highlighting both their advantages, such as improved sustainability, and the challenges they More >

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2971

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A Comprehensive Review of Natural Fibers: Bio-Based Constituents for Advancing Sustainable Materials Technology

Sachin Ghalme^1,*, Mohammad Hayat², Mahesh Harne³

Journal of Renewable Materials, Vol.13, No.2, pp. 273-295, 2025, DOI:10.32604/jrm.2024.056275
（This article belongs to the Special Issue: Renewable Materials and Advanced Technologies for Sustainability)
Abstract With growing concerns for global warming and environmental issues, the research community has contributed significantly to green technology in the area of material science through the development of natural fiber-reinforced polymer composites (NFRPC). Polymers serve as the matrix in NFRPC, while natural fibers serve as the reinforcing materials. Demand for high-performing materials made with natural resources is growing continuously. Natural fiber-reinforced polymer composites are sustainable biocomposites fabricated with natural fibers embedded with a polymer matrix. They offer a wide range of advantages, including a low weight-to-strength ratio, high flexural strength, damping properties, and resistance… More >

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Extraction, Utilization, Functional Modification, and Application of Cellulose and Its Derivatives

Wohua He, Fangji Wu, Haoqun Hong^*

Journal of Renewable Materials, Vol.13, No.9, pp. 1707-1763, 2025, DOI:10.32604/jrm.2025.02025-0005
Abstract Under the background of the current energy crisis and environmental pollution, the development of green and sustainable materials has become particularly urgent. As one of the most abundant natural polymers on earth, cellulose has attracted wide attention due to its green recycling, sustainable development, degradability, and low cost. Therefore, cellulose and its derivatives were used as the starting point for comprehensive analysis. First, the basic structural properties of cellulose were discussed, and then the extraction and utilization methods of cellulose were reviewed, including Sodium Hydroxide based solvent system, N, N-Dimethylacetamide/Lithium Chloride System, N-Methylmorpholine-N-Oxide (NMMO) system, More >

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ARTICLE

Effect of Adhesive Type on the Quality of Coconut Shell Charcoal Briquettes Prepared by the Screw Extruder Machine

Samsudin Anis^1,*, Deni Fajar Fitriyana¹, Aldias Bahatmaka¹, Muhammad Choirul Anwar¹, Arsyad Zanadin Ramadhan¹, Fajar Chairul Anam¹, Raffanel Adi Permana¹, Ahmad Jazilussurur Hakim², Natalino Fonseca Da Silva Guterres³, Mateus De Sousa Da Silva³

Journal of Renewable Materials, Vol.12, No.2, pp. 381-396, 2024, DOI:10.32604/jrm.2023.047128
Abstract Indonesia is one of the largest coconut-producing countries in the world. The utilization of coconut shell waste into briquettes will increase the selling value and become a great export opportunity. However, the effect of adhesives on the quality of coconut shell charcoal briquettes made using screw extruder machine has not been widely studied. This study aims to determine the effect of adhesive type on the quality of coconut shell charcoal briquettes. The process of fabricating briquettes in this study included crushing, mixing, blending, pressing, and drying. In the mixing process, 3 types of adhesives were… More >

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The Reductive Amination of Biomass-Based Aldehydes and Alcohols towards 2,5-bis(aminomethyl)furan: Progress, Challenges and Prospects

Li Ji^1,2, Jiawei Mao^1,3, Ruixiang Li^1,*, Jiaqi Xu^1,*

Journal of Renewable Materials, Vol.13, No.9, pp. 1683-1706, 2025, DOI:10.32604/jrm.2025.02025-0043
Abstract Primary diamines play an important role in the chemical industry, where they are widely used as raw materials for the manufacture of pharmaceuticals and polymers. Currently, primary diamines are mainly derived from petroleum, while harsh or toxic conditions are often needed. Biomass is abundant and renewable , which serves as a promising alternative raw material to produce primary diamines. This review primarily focuses on the synthesis of 2,5-bis(aminomethyl)furan (BAMF), a bio-based diamine with potential as a biomonomer for polyamides and polyureas. Specifically, this review emphasizes the synthesis of BAMF from three biomass-derived alcohols and aldehydes,… More >

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Development of Mycelium Leather (Mylea) from Oil Palm Empty Fruit Bunch (OPEFB) Waste Using White Rot Fungi as a Renewable Leather Material

Pingkan Aditiawati¹, Kamarisima¹, Rudi Dungani^1,*, Tirto Prakoso², Neil Priharto¹, Muhammad Iqbal Ar-Razy Suwardi¹, Muhammad Rizki Ramdhani¹, Maya Fitriyanti¹, Dzulianur Mutsla¹, Widya Fatriasari³

Journal of Renewable Materials, Vol.14, No.1, 2026, DOI:10.32604/jrm.2025.02025-0113
Abstract This study aimed to produce and characterize mycelium leather (Mylea) derived from oil palm empty fruit bunch (OPEFB). Variations in OPEFB composition (10%, 20%, 30%, and 40%) were tested using a 10% w/w Ganoderma lucidum inoculum. The mycelium underwent boiling, plasticization, drying, pressing, waxing, and Tencel fabric reinforcement to form Mylea. The physical, mechanical, and flammability properties of OPEFB-based Mylea were evaluated as a potential animal leather substitute. The highest tensile strength (8.47 MPa) was observed in the 0% OPEFB sample due to reinforcement with the Tencel fabric layer. Meanwhile, the 20% OPEFB sample after drying More >

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3018

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Integration of Biopolyesters and Natural Fibers in Structural Composites: An Innovative Approach for Sustainable Materials

Nasmi Herlina Sari^1,*, Suteja¹, Widya Fatriasari²

Journal of Renewable Materials, Vol.13, No.8, pp. 1521-1546, 2025, DOI:10.32604/jrm.2025.02024-0058
（This article belongs to the Special Issue: Valorization of Lignocellulosic Biomass for Functional Materials)
Abstract Composites made from biopolymers and natural fibers are gaining popularity as alternative sustainable structural materials. Biopolyesters including polylactic acid (PLA), polybutylene succinate (PBS), and polyhydroxyalkanoate (PHA), when mixed with natural fibers such as kenaf, hemp, and jute, provide an environmentally acceptable alternative to traditional fossil-based materials. This article examines current research on developments in the integration of biopolymers with natural fibers, with a focus on enhancing mechanical, thermal, and sustainability. Innovative approaches to surface treatment of natural fibers, such as biological and chemical treatments, have demonstrated enhanced adhesion with biopolymer matrices, increasing attributes such as… More >

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