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Jiapeng Wang¹, Bo Zhang^1,*, Haoqiang Cheng¹, Zhixiang Xu²
Journal of Renewable Materials, Vol.11, No.10, pp. 3595-3612, 2023, DOI:10.32604/jrm.2023.030005
（This article belongs to the Special Issue: New Trends in Bio-oil Production, Conversion and Utilization )
Abstract A new method of pretreatment of corn straw with Phanerochaete chrysosporium combined with pyrolysis was proposed to improve the quality of bio-oil. The characterization results demonstrated that microbial pretreatment was an effective method to decrease the lignin, which can achieve a maximum removal rate of 44.19%. Due to the destruction of biomass structure, the content of alkali metal and alkaline earth metal is reduced. Meanwhile, the depolymerized biomass structure created better pyrolysis conditions to promote the pyrolysis efficiency, increase the average decomposition rate of pyrolysis and reduce the residue. In fast pyrolysis, because of the enrichment of cellulose and the… More >

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Chunhua Liu¹, Dongfang Zou¹, Qinqin Huang¹, Shang Li², Xia Zheng¹, Xingong Li^1,*
Journal of Renewable Materials, Vol.11, No.10, pp. 3613-3624, 2023, DOI:10.32604/jrm.2023.028111
（This article belongs to the Special Issue: Natural Fibre Composites: Design, Materials Selection and Fabrication)
Abstract The residual resources of ramie fiber-based textile products were used as raw materials. Ramie fiber felt (RF) was modified by NaClO₂ aqueous solution and then impregnated with water-based epoxy resin (WER). RF/WER transparent composite materials were prepared by lamination hot pressing process. The composite materials’color difference, transmittance, haze, density, water absorption, and mechanical properties were determined to assess the effects of NaClO₂ treatment and the number of ramie fiber layers on the properties of the prepared composites. The results showed significantly improved optical and mechanical properties of the RF/WER transparent composites after NaClO₂ treatment. With the increase of ramie fiber… More >

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Elham Azadeh¹, Ummi Hani Abdullah^2,3, Christine Gerardin^1,*, Antonio Pizzi^1,*, Philippe Gerardin¹, Cesar Segovia⁴
Journal of Renewable Materials, Vol.11, No.10, pp. 3625-3645, 2023, DOI:10.32604/jrm.2023.030373
Abstract Water repellant, flexible biofoams using tannin esterified with various fatty acid chains, namely lauric, palmitic and oleic acids, by reaction with lauryl chloride, palmitoyl chloride, and oleyl chloride were developed and their characteristics compared with the equivalently esterified rigid biofoams. Glycerol, while initially added to control the reaction temperature, was used as a plasticizer yielding flexible biofoams presenting the same water repellant character that the equivalent rigid foams. Acetaldehyde was used as the cross-linking agent instead of formaldehyde, as it showed a better performance with the esterified tannin. The compression results showed a significant decrease of the Modulus of Elasticity… More >

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Hongqiong Zhang^1,2,#, Xu Wang^3,#, Zhaojing Qian⁴, Buchun Si^1,4,*, Kai Jin⁵, Tengfei Wang⁵
Journal of Renewable Materials, Vol.11, No.10, pp. 3647-3657, 2023, DOI:10.32604/jrm.2023.028438
（This article belongs to the Special Issue: Biochar Based Materials for a Green Future)
Abstract Hydrochar prepared with four typical biowastes, pine wood, food waste, digested sewage sludge, and Chlorella were applied for the promotion of anaerobic digestion. The gas production and substrate composition were analyzed associated with the hydrochar characteristics. The results suggested that Chlorella hydrochar (C-C) showed the highest cumulative yield of methane (approximately 345 mL) with high total organic carbon (TOC) removal efficiency and low volatile fatty acids (VAFs) concentration. Especially, food waste hydrochar (F-C) showed a poor effect on anaerobic digestion and aroused 1.4–1.6 g/L accumulation of VAFs, in which the toxic components may account for the low efficiency. The C-C… More >

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Danyang Shao¹, Xiaojia Wang^1,*, Delu Chen¹, Fengxia An^1,2
Journal of Renewable Materials, Vol.11, No.10, pp. 3659-3680, 2023, DOI:10.32604/jrm.2023.029220
Abstract Methanation is an effective way to efficiently utilize product gas generated from the pyrolysis and gasification of organic solid wastes. To deeply study the heat transfer and mass transfer mechanisms in the reactor, a successful three-dimensional comprehensive model has been established. Multiphase flow behavior and heat transfer mechanisms were investigated under reference working conditions. Temperature is determined by the heat release of the reaction and the heat transfer of the gas-solid flow. The maximum temperature can reach 951 K where the catalyst gathers. In the simulation, changes in the gas inlet velocity and catalyst flow rate were made to explore… More >

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Liang Wen^1,2,*, Changhong Yan³, Yehui Shi⁴, Zhenxiang Wang⁴, Gang Liu⁴, Wei Shi⁴
Journal of Renewable Materials, Vol.11, No.10, pp. 3681-3692, 2023, DOI:10.32604/jrm.2023.027671
Abstract The treatment of wheat straw is very difficult, and its utilization rate is very low; accumulation causes air pollution and even fire. To make full use of wheat straw resources, we examined how using different physical and chemical methods to treat the wheat straw which can improve its strength abilities, or enhance the activity of wheat straw ash. In terms of concrete additives, it can reduce the amount of cement used. In this paper, we found that alkali treatment can significantly improve the tensile strength of wheat straw fiber, but polyvinyl alcohol treatment has no obvious effect on the strength… More >

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Hui Zheng^1,2, Xiaohan Chen², Li Li², Dawei Qi¹, Jiale Wang¹, Jiaying Lou^1,*, Wenjun Wang^1,*
Journal of Renewable Materials, Vol.11, No.10, pp. 3693-3709, 2023, DOI:10.32604/jrm.2023.027748
（This article belongs to the Special Issue: Active and Intelligent Food Packaging Films)
Abstract The issue of plastic pollution has attracted widespread social attention. Gelatin is valued as a degradable bio-based material, especially as an edible active packaging material. However, the commonly used solution-casting filmforming technology limits the mass production of gelatin films. In order to improve the production efficiency and enhance the commercial value of gelatin films, in this study, fish gelatin (FG) particles were successfully blended with essential oils (EOs) to prepare active films by melt extrusion technique, a common method for commercial plastics, and applied to bread preservation. FG and EOs showed good compatibility with each other. The elongation at break… More >

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Maoxia Chen^1,2,*, Qixuan Zhou¹, Jiayue Zhang¹, Jiaoyang Li¹, Wei Zhang¹, Huan Liu¹
Journal of Renewable Materials, Vol.11, No.10, pp. 3711-3723, 2023, DOI:10.32604/jrm.2023.027826
Abstract Thermal alkaline hydrolysis is a common pretreatment method for the utilization of excess activated sludge (EAS). Owing to strict environment laws and need for better energy utilization, new methods were developed in this study to improve the efficiency of pretreatment method. Direct thermal hydrolysis (TH), pasteurized thermal hydrolysis (PTH), and alkaline pasteurized thermal hydrolysis (PTH + CaO and PTH + NaOH) methods were used to treat EAS. Each method was compared and analyzed in terms of dissolution in ammonium nitrogen (NH₄ ⁺ -N) and soluble COD (SCOD) in EAS. Furthermore, the removal of tetracycline resistance genes (TRGs) and class 1… More >

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De Li^1,#, Bengang Zhang^1,#, Yuan Tu¹, Guoming Xiao¹, Meifen Tian², Xiaoxue Xu¹, Xiao Zhong¹, Qiaoyan Zhang³, Zhigang Wu^1,*, Jiankun Liang^4,*
Journal of Renewable Materials, Vol.11, No.10, pp. 3725-3738, 2023, DOI:10.32604/jrm.2023.027895
Abstract Screw connection is a type most commonly applied to timber structures. As important commercial tree species in China, Masson pine and Chinese fir have the potential to prepare wood structures. In this study, the effects of the diameter of the self-tapping screw and the guiding bores on the nail holding performance on different sections of Masson pine and Chinese fir dimension lumbers were mainly explored. The results showed that: (1) The nail holding strength of the tangential section was the maximum, followed by that of the radial section, and that of the cross section was the minimum. (2) The nail… More >

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Jun Xiang^1,2,*, Xiaoqing Chen¹, Qi Liu¹, Huihua Jing², Tongqiang Chen², Wanli Tang², Wenyang Xu²
Journal of Renewable Materials, Vol.11, No.10, pp. 3739-3750, 2023, DOI:10.32604/jrm.2023.028090
（This article belongs to the Special Issue: Carbon-Based Nanomaterials from Renewable Materials: Synthesis, Properties and Applications)
Abstract Biomass-derived carbon dots (C-dots) are considered a very important carbon material in metal ion detection of their small environmental impact, simple preparation process, and relatively low cost. A green approach for synthesizing biomass-derived C-dots from Chenpi using a hydrothermal method without further processing is proposed in the present study. The as-synthesized C-dots show excellent fluorescence properties, superior resistance to UV irradiation photobleaching, and high photostability in salt-containing solutions. The C-dots were used in the form of label-free fluorescent probes for sensitively detecting Hg²⁺ selectively. The outcome relationship behaved linearly and was established based on a given range between 10–300 nM… More >

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Cut Rahmawati^1,2,*, Lia Handayani³, Muhtadin⁴, Muhammad Faisal⁴, Muhammad Zardi¹, S. M. Sapuan⁵, Agung Efriyo Hadi⁶, Jawad Ahmad⁷, Haytham F. Isleem⁸
Journal of Renewable Materials, Vol.11, No.10, pp. 3751-3767, 2023, DOI:10.32604/jrm.2023.028987
（This article belongs to the Special Issue: Sustainable Concrete with Recyclable Materials)
Abstract Waste Glass (WGs) and Coir Fiber (CF) are not widely utilized, even though their silica and cellulose content can be used to create construction materials. This study aimed to optimize mortar compressive strength using Response Surface Methodology (RSM). The Central Composite Design (CCD) was applied to determine the optimization of WGs and CF addition to the mortar compressive strength. Compressive strength and microstructure testing with Scanning Electron Microscope (SEM), Fourier-transform Infrared Spectroscopy (FT-IR), and X-Ray Diffraction (XRD) were conducted to specify the mechanical ability and bonding between the matrix, CF, and WGs. The results showed that the chemical treatment of… More >

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John Freddy Gelves-Díaz^1,*, Ludovic Dorkis², Richard Monroy-Sepúlveda¹, Sandra Rozo-Rincón¹, Yebrail Alexis Romero-Arcos¹
Journal of Renewable Materials, Vol.11, No.10, pp. 3769-3787, 2023, DOI:10.32604/jrm.2023.029270
Abstract Secondary lignocellulosic biomass has proved to be useful as an energy source through its oxidation by means of combustion processes. In accordance with the above, in this paper, we wanted to study the ash from urban pruning residues that are generated in cities in the Neotropics. Species such as Licania tomentosa, Azadirachta indica, Ficus benjamina, Terminalia catappa, Leucaena leucocephala, Prosopis juliflora and Pithecellobium dulce were selected because they have been previously studied and showed potential for thermal energy generation. These materials were calcined in an oxidizing atmosphere and characterized by X-ray diffraction and fluorescence, scanning electron microscopy with microchemistry, BET… More >

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