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In the article Ehsan Bari and his co-workers from 4 different countries have
developed the concept of determining the chemical constituents damaged and the damaged molecular species formed by fungal destructive attack in lignocellulosic materials by applying a novel technique, MALDI-ToF MS, for the first time in this type of studies. Different wood species were compared, with special insight on the chemistry involved.
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  • Open AccessOpen Access

    ARTICLE

    Differentiation of Fungal Destructive Behaviour of Wood by the White-Rot Fungus Fomes fomentarius by MALDI-TOF Mass Spectrometry

    Ehsan Bari1,*, Antonio Pizzi2,*, Olaf Schmidt3, Siham Amirou2, Mohammad Ali Tajick-Ghanbary4, Miha Humar5
    Journal of Renewable Materials, Vol.9, No.3, pp. 381-397, 2021, DOI:10.32604/jrm.2021.015288
    Abstract There are many methods to identify and recognize the molecular and behavioural differences between organisms. One of the methods for the detection and identification of unknown organisms as well as intermolecular and intramolecular structural differences is MALDI-TOF mass spectrometry. Therefore, differentiation of Fomes fomentarius decay capabilities on the chemical properties of the wood cell wall of the tree species Quercus castaneifolia, Juglans regia, and Carpinus betulus were used to determine and characterize the destructive behaviour of F. fomentarius decay by MALDI-TOF mass spectrometry. The results showed that the fungus had more signifi- cant destructive behaviour on J. regia than the… More >

  • Open AccessOpen Access

    REVIEW

    Biomolecules of Interest Present in the Main Industrial Wood Species Used in Indonesia-A Review

    Resa Martha1,2, Mahdi Mubarok1,2, Wayan Darmawan2, Wasrin Syafii2, Stéphane Dumarcay1, Christine Gérardin Charbonnier1, Philippe Gérardin1,*
    Journal of Renewable Materials, Vol.9, No.3, pp. 399-449, 2021, DOI:10.32604/jrm.2021.014286
    Abstract As a tropical archipelagic country, Indonesia’s forests possess high biodiversity, including its wide variety of wood species. Valorisation of biomolecules released from woody plant extracts has been gaining attractive interests since in the middle of 20th century. This paper focuses on a literature review of the potential valorisation of biomolecules released from twenty wood species exploited in Indonesia. It has revealed that depending on the natural origin of the wood species studied and harmonized with the ethnobotanical and ethnomedicinal knowledge, the extractives derived from the woody plants have given valuable heritages in the fields of medicines and pharmacology. The families… More >

  • Open AccessOpen Access

    ARTICLE

    Flexible Nanopaper Composed of Wood-Derived Nanofibrillated Cellulose and Graphene Building Blocks

    Qing Li1, Ming Dai1, Xueren Qian1, Tian Liu1, Zhenbo Liu1, Yu Liu1, Ming Chen1, Wang He1, Suqing Zeng1, Yu Meng1, Chenchen Dai1, Jing Shen1, Yingtao Liu1, Wenshuai Chen1, Wenbo Liu1,*, Ping Lu2,*
    Journal of Renewable Materials, Vol.9, No.3, pp. 451-461, 2021, DOI:10.32604/jrm.2021.011655
    (This article belongs to this Special Issue: Nanocellulose and Nanocellulose-Derived Functional Materials)
    Abstract Nanopaper has attracted considerable interest in the fields of films and paper research. However, the challenge of integrating the many advantages of nanopaper still remains. Herein, we developed a facile strategy to fabricate multifunctional nanocomposite paper (NGCP) composed of wood-derived nanofibrillated cellulose (NFC) and graphene as building blocks. NFC suspension was consisted of long and entangled NFCs (10–30 nm in width) and their aggregates. Before NGCP formation, NFC was chemically modified with a silane coupling agent to ensure that it could interact strongly with graphene in NGCP. The resulting NGCP samples were flexible and could be bent repeatedly without any… More >

  • Open AccessOpen Access

    ARTICLE

    Synthesis of Green Adhesive with Tannin Extracted from Eucalyptus Bark for Potential Use in Wood Composites

    Medjda Amari1, Kamel Khimeche1,*, Abdelkader Hima2 , Redouane Chebout3, Abderahmane Mezroua1
    Journal of Renewable Materials, Vol.9, No.3, pp. 463-475, 2021, DOI:10.32604/jrm.2021.013680
    Abstract Recently, the exploitation of renewable plant resources in the formulation of adhesives is very promising for their availability at low coast, as well as their richness in biomolecules such as polyphenols. In this way, many research studies tannins extracted from different sources such as mimosa, quebracho, and pine have been the subject of very satisfactory recent studies. In this paper, a new complete characterization of the tannins extracted from the bark of eucalyptus globulus harvested from two regions in Algeria was achieved. The structural characterization enabled us to confirm the richness in condensed tannins, particularly in procyanidin and prodelphinidin units.… More >

  • Open AccessOpen Access

    ARTICLE

    Performance of Unidirectional Biocomposite Developed with Piptadeniastrum Africanum Tannin Resin and Urena Lobata Fibers as Reinforcement

    Achille Gnassiri Wedaïna1,2, Antonio Pizzi2, Wolfgang Nzie1, Raidandi Danwe3, Noel Konaï4,*, Siham Amirou2, Cesar Segovia5, Raphaël Kueny5
    Journal of Renewable Materials, Vol.9, No.3, pp. 477-493, 2021, DOI:10.32604/jrm.2021.012782
    (This article belongs to this Special Issue: Renewable and Biosourced Adhesives)
    Abstract The Piptadeniastrum Africanum bark tannin extract was characterized using MALDI TOF, ATR-FT MIR. It was used in the development of a resin with Vachellia nilotica extract as a biohardener. This tannin is consisting of Catechin, Quercetin, Chalcone, Gallocatechin, Epigallocatechin gallate, Epicatechin gallate. The gel time of the resin at natural pH (pH = 5.4) is 660 s and its MOE obtained by thermomechanical analysis is 3909 MPa. The tenacity of Urena lobata fibers were tested, woven into unidirectional mats (UD), and used as reinforcement in the development of biocomposite. The fibers tenacity at 20, 30 and 50 mm lengths are… More >

  • Open AccessOpen Access

    ARTICLE

    Enhanced Thermal Performance of Roofing Materials by Integrating Phase Change Materials to Reduce Energy Consumption in Buildings

    Chanita Mano, Atthakorn Thongtha*
    Journal of Renewable Materials, Vol.9, No.3, pp. 495-506, 2021, DOI:10.32604/jrm.2021.013201
    (This article belongs to this Special Issue: Renewable materials for sustainable development)
    Abstract This work focused on characterizing and improving the thermal behavior of metal sheet roofing. To decrease the heat transfer from the roof into a building, we investigated the efficiency of four types of phase change materials, with different melting points: PCM І, PCM II, PCM III and PCM IV, when used in conjunction with a sheet metal roof. The exterior metal roofing surface temperature was held constant at 50°C, 60°C, 70°C and 80°C, using a thermal source (halogen lights) for 360 min to investigate and compare the thermal performance of the metal sheet roofing with and without phase change materials… More >

  • Open AccessOpen Access

    ARTICLE

    Bond Behavior between BFRP Bars and Hybrid Fiber Recycled Aggregate Concrete after High Temperature

    Boheng Zhu1, Huaxin Liu1,*, Genjin Liu2, Abasal Hussain2, Xiaofei Zhang3, Xuezhi Wang1
    Journal of Renewable Materials, Vol.9, No.3, pp. 507-521, 2021, DOI:10.32604/jrm.2021.013580
    (This article belongs to this Special Issue: Recycled Concrete Towards a Sustainable Society)
    Abstract The aim of this study is to improve the bond performance of basalt fiber reinforced polymer (BFRP) bars and recycled aggregate concrete (RAC) after being exposed to high temperatures. The bond behavior (failure modes, bond strength, bond stress-slip curves) between BFRP bars and hybrid fiber recycled aggregate concrete (HFRAC) after being exposed to temperatures ranging from 20°C up to 500°C was studied by using pull-out tests. The effect of high temperatures on mechanical properties of concrete (compressive strength, splitting tensile strength) and tensile strength of BFRP bars was also investigated. The bond strength decreased as the temperature increased and the… More >

  • Open AccessOpen Access

    ARTICLE

    Dynamic Elastic Modulus and Damping Ratio of Lignin-Modified Loess

    Qian Wang1,#,*, Zhaozhao Liu1,2,#,*, Xiumei Zhong1, Zhongnan Gao1, Fuqiang Liu2
    Journal of Renewable Materials, Vol.9, No.3, pp. 523-540, 2021, DOI:10.32604/jrm.2021.014114
    Abstract To effectively improve the poor engineering properties of loess and enhance its seismic performance, the industrial by-product lignin is used as a modified material. Based on lots of dynamic triaxial tests, the dynamic elastic modulus and damping ratio of lignin-modified loess were tested. The effects of lignin content on the dynamic elastic modulus and damping ratio of lignin-modified loess were analyzed. Combined with scanning electron microscopy (SEM) and X-ray diffraction (XRD), the microscopic mechanism of lignin to improve the dynamic properties of loess was studied. The results show that lignin can effectively modify the dynamic deformation of loess under dynamic… More >

  • Open AccessOpen Access

    ARTICLE

    Study on the Treatment of Acid Mine Drainage Containing Fe2+ and Mn2+ Using Modified Spontaneous Combustion Gangue

    Xuying Guo1,2,*, Saiou Fu1, Junzhen Di3, Yanrong Dong3, Guoliang Jiang3
    Journal of Renewable Materials, Vol.9, No.3, pp. 541-555, 2021, DOI:10.32604/jrm.2021.012335
    Abstract The high concentrations of Fe2+ and Mn2+ in acid mine drainage make it difficult and expensive to treat. It is urgent that we find a cheap and efficient adsorption material to treat Fe2+ and Mn2+. As a solid waste in mining areas, coal gangue occupies a large area and pollutes the surrounding environment during the stacking process. Developing a method of resource utilization is thus a research hotspot. In this study, we modified spontaneous combustion gangue using NaOH, NaCl, and HCl by chemically modifying the minerals. We determined the optimal conditions for treating Fe2+ and Mn2+ in acid mine drainage… More >

  • Open AccessOpen Access

    ARTICLE

    Bonding Mechanism of Bamboo Particleboards Made by Laccase Treatment

    Jin Wang1, Weigang Zhang2,*, Xiaowei Zhuang1,*
    Journal of Renewable Materials, Vol.9, No.3, pp. 557-568, 2021, DOI:10.32604/jrm.2021.013269
    (This article belongs to this Special Issue: Research and Innovations in Engineered Timber and Mass Timber Products for Sustainable Built-Environment)
    Abstract Using 1–8 years bamboo as materials, the content of different chemical constituent was tested, and the reactive oxygen species (ROS) free radicals produced from laccase treated bamboo were detected by electron spin-resonance (ESR) spectroscope. The wet-process particleboard was made from laccase-treated bamboo by hot pressing and board mechanical properties including internal bond strength (IB), modulus of rupture (MOR) and thickness swelling (TS) after 2-hours water absorption were tested under different conditions. Results showed that laccase mainly catalyze the bamboo components and improved the bonding strength of laccase-treated boards. By ESR measurement on each single component such as milled bamboo lignin,… More >

  • Open AccessOpen Access

    ARTICLE

    Damping Analysis and Failure Mechanism of 3D Printed Bio-Based Sandwich with Auxetic Core under Bending Fatigue Loading

    Khawla Essassi1,2,*, Jean-Luc Rebiere1, Abderrahim El Mahi1, Mohamed Amine Ben Souf2, Anas Bouguecha2, Mohamed Haddar2
    Journal of Renewable Materials, Vol.9, No.3, pp. 569-584, 2021, DOI:10.32604/jrm.2021.012253
    (This article belongs to this Special Issue: Polymeric Composites Based on Sustainable Technologies and Renewable Materials)
    Abstract Meta-sandwich composites with three-dimensional (3D) printed architecture structure are characterized by their high ability to absorb energy. In this paper, static and fatigue 3-point bending tests are implemented on a 3D printed sandwich composites with a re-entrant honeycomb core. The skins, core and whole sandwich are manufactured using the same bio-based material which is polylactic acid with flax fiber reinforcement. Experimental tests are performed in order to evaluate the durability and the ability of this material to dissipate energy. First, static tests are conducted to study the bending behaviour of the sandwich beams, as well as to determine the failure… More >

  • Open AccessOpen Access

    ARTICLE

    Effect of Steam Explosion Technology Main Parameters on Moso Bamboo and Poplar Fiber

    Biqing Shu1,2, Qin Ren1, Lu Hong1, Zhongping Xiao2, Xiaoning Lu1,*, Wenya Wang2, Junbao Yu2,Naiqiang Fu2, Yiming Gu2, Jinjun Zheng2
    Journal of Renewable Materials, Vol.9, No.3, pp. 585-597, 2021, DOI:10.32604/jrm.2021.012932
    (This article belongs to this Special Issue: Polymeric Composites Based on Sustainable Technologies and Renewable Materials)
    Abstract One of the large-scale industrial applications of Moso bamboo and poplar in China is the production of standardized fiberboard. When making fiberboard, a steam blasting pretreatment without the addition of traditional adhesives has become increasingly popular because of its environmental friendliness and wide applicability. In this study, the steam explosion pretreatment of Moso bamboo and poplar was conducted. The steam explosion pressure and holding time were varied to determine the influence of these factors on fiber quality by investigating the morphology of the fiber, the mass ratio of the unexploded specimen at the end face, the chemical composition, and the… More >

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