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  • Open AccessOpen Access

    REVIEW

    Biological Oils as Precursors to Novel Polymeric Materials

    Zoran S Petrovic´*, Ivan Javni, Mihail Ionescu
    Journal of Renewable Materials, Vol.1, No.3, pp. 167-186, 2013, DOI:10.7569/JRM.2013.634112
    Abstract This paper reviews a part of the rich fi eld of oleochemicals, their synthesis and applications as precursors for polymers by referring to published data rather than discussing details of different reactions. The hope is to help readers in fi nding leads in the vast research area carried out over a long period of time, to avoid traps and to inspire new ideas for oil-based products and processes. More >

  • Open AccessOpen Access

    ARTICLE

    Thiol-yne Reaction of Alkyne-d erivatized Fatty Acids: Thiol-Reactive Linear Polyurethane

    Rodolfo J. González-Paz, Gerard Lligadas*, Juan C. Ronda, Marina Galià, Virginia Cádiz
    Journal of Renewable Materials, Vol.1, No.3, pp. 187-194, 2013, DOI:10.7569/JRM.2013.634114
    Abstract A thiol-reactive linear polyurethane was synthesized from a vinyl-sulphide-containing diol and a commercial diisocyanate. The diol was obtained from 10-undecynol, an alkyne-derivatized fatty compound, using hydrothiolation as a key reaction step. 10-Undecynol was prepared by reduction of 10-undecinoic acid methyl ester, which was prepared by successive bromation, dehydrobromination of the corresponding alkenic fatty acid. Solution and surface polymer modifi cation with a fl uorescent thiol was successful. More >

  • Open AccessOpen Access

    REVIEW

    Cellulose Nanofi brils: From Strong Materials to Bioactive Surfaces**

    Yanxia Zhang1, Tiina Nypelö1,*, Carlos Salas1, Julio Arboleda1, Ingrid C. Hoeger1,*, Orlando J. Rojas1,2,*
    Journal of Renewable Materials, Vol.1, No.3, pp. 195-211, 2013, DOI:10.7569/JRM.2013.634115
    Abstract Cellulose nanofi brils (CNF), also known as nanofi brillar cellulose (NFC), are an advanced biomaterial made mainly from renewable forest and agricultural resources that have demonstrated exceptional performance in composites. In addition, they have been utilized in barrier coatings, food, transparent fl exible fi lms and other applications. Research on CNF has advanced rapidly over the last decade and several of the fundamental questions about production and characterization of CNF have been addressed. An interesting shift in focus in the recent reported literature indicates increased efforts aimed at taking advantage of the unique properties of CNF. This includes its nanoscale… More >

  • Open AccessOpen Access

    ARTICLE

    Synthesis and Characterization of New Carbohydrate-based Polyureas

    Belén Begines, Francisca Zamora, M. Violante de Paz, Isaac Roffé, Manuel Mancera, Juan A. Galbis*
    Journal of Renewable Materials, Vol.1, No.3, pp. 212-221, 2013, DOI:10.7569/JRM.2013.634119
    Abstract A batch of linear [m,n]-type sugar-based polyureas was synthesized by polyaddition reaction in solution from hexamethylene diisocyanate or 4,4’-methylene-bis(phenyl isocyanate) with the acyclic 2,3,4-tri-O-methyl-1,5- diamino-alditols having L-arabino, or xylo confi guration or the bicyclic 1,6-diamino-1,6-dideoxy-2,4:3,5-diO-methylene-D-glucitol. The polymers were obtained in good yields and fair molecular weights. All these polyureas were semicrystalline materials showing well-defi ned melting transition within the 86−171°C range, with Tg s being dependent on the aliphatic or aromatic nature of the diisocyanate used, and on the cyclic or acyclic chemical structure of the sugar moiety. They were found to be stable up to around 240°C, decomposing at… More >

  • Open AccessOpen Access

    ARTICLE

    Fully Renewable Thermoplastic Poly(ester urethane urea)s from Bio-based Diisocyanates

    Donglin Tang1,2, Shanmugam Thiyagarajan2,3, Bart A.J. Noordover1,*, Cor E. Koning1, Daan S. van Es3, Jacco van Haveren
    Journal of Renewable Materials, Vol.1, No.3, pp. 222-230, 2013, DOI:10.7569/JRM.2013.634116
    Abstract A series of fully renewable poly(ester urethane urea)s (PEUs) were synthesized from bio-based starting materials, e.g., the polyester diol, the diisocyanates including L-lysine diisocyanate (LDI) and isoidide diisocyanate (IIDI), the chain-extenders including 1,4-diaminobutane (bDA), diaminoisoidide (iDA) and di(aminobutyl) urea (b2 DA). It is found that the PEU based on the novel diisocyanate, IIDI, exhibits satisfactory thermal and mechanical properties. The LDI-based PEUs show less favorable thermal and mechanical properties than the IIDI-based counterpart, since the chemical structure of LDI is less regular than that of IIDI. However, by introducing a urea-containing dimeric diamine (b2 DA) instead of the monomeric diamines,… More >

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