Open Access

ARTICLE

Zhiying Lin¹, Boju Deng¹, Qianqian Zhang¹, Jingming Chen², Xinqiang Ye³, Yuling Lan¹, Jiuping Rao^1,*, Mizi Fan⁴, Weigang Zhao^1,*
Journal of Renewable Materials, Vol.14, No.5, 2026, DOI:10.32604/jrm.2025.02025-0096 - 28 May 2026
（This article belongs to the Special Issue: Renewable Nanostructured Porous Materials: Synthesis, Processing, and Applications)
Abstract Bio-derived carbon cryogels have garnered significant interest as promising electrode materials for supercapacitors due to their high specific surface area (SSA), hierarchical porosity, and eco-friendly synthesis methods. In this study, a tannin-modified phenolic hydrogel was synthesized using a sustainable tannin–phenol precursor system and subsequently subjected to three distinct drying methods-freeze-drying (FD), supercritical drying (SCD), and ambient pressure drying (APD)-to systematically evaluate their influence on structural integrity, porosity, and electrochemical behavior. Among these, the sample obtained via freeze-drying (TPUF-FD) maintained the most intact porous network, minimizing structural collapse during sublimation of ice under vacuum. This preservation… More >

Graphic Abstract

View

2022

Download

884

Open Access

ARTICLE

Pavlo Bekhta^1,2,*, Iryna Lytvyn¹
Journal of Renewable Materials, Vol.14, No.5, 2026, DOI:10.32604/jrm.2026.02026-0035 - 28 May 2026
（This article belongs to the Special Issue: Advances in Eco-friendly Wood-Based Composites: Design, Manufacturing, Properties and Applications – Ⅱ)
Abstract The modification of melamine–urea–formaldehyde (MUF) adhesives with lignosulfonates (LS) represents a promising strategy for developing more sustainable wood-based panels. However, the influence of the counterion type remains poorly understood. In this study, the effect of lignosulfonate counterions on adhesives performance and properties of MUF-bonded particleboards was investigated, with a focus on sodium (NaLS) and magnesium (MgLS) lignosulfonates incorporated at 2.5%, 5.0%, and 7.5%. Adhesives performance was characterized by measuring dry solids content, dynamic viscosity, gelation time, and pH. The produced particleboards were evaluated in terms of density, bending strength, modulus of elasticity, internal bond strength… More >

Graphic Abstract

View

245

Download

62

Open Access

REVIEW

Adib Hafiizhullah Mohamad Prim Nasir^1,2, Mohd Nurazzi Norizan^1,2,3,*, Nur Izzaati Saharudin^1,2, Sumarni Mansur^1,2
Journal of Renewable Materials, Vol.14, No.5, 2026, DOI:10.32604/jrm.2025.02025-0156 - 28 May 2026
（This article belongs to the Special Issue: Biomass-based Thermoset and Thermoplastic Polymers for Biomass-based Composites)
Abstract Plant-based starch has emerged as a promising natural binder in biocomposites owing to its biodegradability, renewability, and functional adaptability. This study critically reviews the extraction, modification, and performance of starches derived from sources such as corn, potato, and cassava, with particular attention to their calorific behaviour as measured through bomb calorimetry. Calorimetric analysis provides insight into the energy density and combustion efficiency of starch binders, parameters that influence both processing and End-of-life valorisation of biocomposites. Through physical, chemical, enzymatic, and genetic modifications, the inherent limitations of native starch such as moisture sensitivity and low mechanical More >

Graphic Abstract

View

3257

Download

2453

Open Access

REVIEW

Megabi Adane Yizengaw^1,*, Alehegn Atalay Birlie¹, Tamerat Tesfaye², Rajan Katrikan¹, Eldana Bizuneh Cheklie¹, Zelalem Girma¹
Journal of Renewable Materials, Vol.14, No.5, 2026, DOI:10.32604/jrm.2025.02025-0175 - 28 May 2026
Abstract Grape by-product of the wine industry, rich in polyphenols, tannins, lignin, and natural waxes, the chemical constituents grape skins 45%–55%, seeds 25%–35%, and stems or stalks 25%–35% weight of grape provide intrinsic cross-linking, mechanical reinforcement, antioxidant activity, and water resistance, closely replicating the effects of conventional vegetable tanning without using toxic chemicals. This review comprehensively examines current eco-friendly extraction methods to isolate bioactive compounds, as well as fiber modification techniques to improve polymer compatibility. Composite fabrication involves blending processed grape waste fibers with bio-based polymers and renewable plasticizers to produce materials exhibiting competitive tensile strength,… More >

View

1115

Download

379

Open Access

ARTICLE

I. Nur Azreena^*, H. A. Aisyah, A. W. Noorshamsiana
Journal of Renewable Materials, Vol.14, No.5, 2026, DOI:10.32604/jrm.2025.02025-0178 - 28 May 2026
（This article belongs to the Special Issue: Harnessing the Potential of Natural Fiber Composites: A Paradigm Shift Towards Sustainable Materials )
Abstract This study examined the impact of various pre-treatment techniques on the physical and mechanical characteristics of particleboards derived from oil palm trunks (OPT). Thermal and chemical pre-treatments of the fibers, including hot water, sodium hydroxide (NaOH), and acetic acid, were applied prior to board production. In addition, antifungal agents were incorporated as supplementary additives during the manufacturing process at varying percentages to evaluate their effect on panel performance. Morphology of the treated OPT fibers was examined, and panel properties such as thermal behavior, bending strength, bonding strength, and dimensional stability were evaluated. Statistically significant improvements (p… More >

View

802

Download

134

Open Access

ARTICLE

Manda Vais Jatul Fitri¹, Melbi Mahardika^2,3,4,*, Yuni Kusumastuti^1,*, Mochamad Asrofi⁵
Journal of Renewable Materials, Vol.14, No.5, 2026, DOI:10.32604/jrm.2026.02025-0197 - 28 May 2026
Abstract The development of seaweed-derived products, particularly carrageenan, is increasingly prioritized in Indonesia to support sustainability and strengthen the local economy. Despite extensive studies on carrageenan extraction, systematic comparisons between locally extracted carrageenan and specific local commercial products remain limited. This study addresses this gap by directly comparing carrageenan extracted from Eucheuma cottonii harvested in Lombok, Indonesia, with a locally produced commercial carrageenan as a quality benchmark. Carrageenan extraction was performed using alkaline KOH treatment followed by ethanol precipitation. The extracted carrageenan exhibited a relatively high viscosity (61.16 cP) and a low sulfate content (11.58%). FTIR analysis More >

View

634

Download

181

Open Access

REVIEW

Blessing C. Ahamefule¹, Chidimma Osilo^2,3, Jennifer O. Unachukwu², Stella N. Madueke², Chukwuemeka Samson Ahamefule^2,*
Journal of Renewable Materials, Vol.14, No.5, 2026, DOI:10.32604/jrm.2026.02025-0202 - 28 May 2026
（This article belongs to the Special Issue: Process and Engineering of Lignocellulose Utilization)
Abstract Lignocellulosic waste, consisting mainly of cellulose, hemicellulose and lignin, is the most abundant global biomass. Industries generate millions of tonnes of this waste biomass every year. This includes: sugarcane bagasse, corncob, rice straw and husk, oil palm fibres and empty fruit bunches, wheat straw, brewer’s spent grains, among others. These wastes could be valorized to produce high-value industrial lignocellulase enzymes, such as cellulases, hemicellulases and ligninases, by several microorganisms, including bacteria and fungi. Furthermore, the crude or purified lignocellulase enzymes or the microbes producing these enzymes could be used to hydrolyze the lignocellulosic wastes into… More >

View

82

Download

16

Open Access

ARTICLE

Kasahun Tsegaye Mekonnen^1,*, Melaku Tesfaye Alemea², Dessie Ezez¹, Abenezer Zenebe¹, Negussie Darota Daka¹
Journal of Renewable Materials, Vol.14, No.5, 2026, DOI:10.32604/jrm.2026.02026-0221 - 28 May 2026
Abstract This study examined the effects of modified Gum Arabic (OLLA-g-GA), modified Euphorbia trigona Mill (OLLA-g-ETML), and their master batch (OLLA-g-GA–OLLA-g-ETML) on the non-isothermal crystallisation and thermal stability of poly (lactic acid) (PLA). The interface interactions of PLA with the modifiers before and after modification were analysed and identified using FTIR spectroscopy, which displayed different peak formations and intensities compared to neat PLA, indicating physical interactions with the modifiers. Differential scanning calorimetry (DSC) was used to study non-isothermal crystallisation at a heating rate of 10°C/min. Tensile strength and elongation at break of PLA improved by the addition More >

Graphic Abstract

View

154

Download

27