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  • Open Access

    ARTICLE

    Cross-Linking of Sago Starch with Furan and Bismaleimide via the Diels-Alder Reaction

    Henky Muljana*, Ivana Hasjem, Merianawati Sinatra, Dicky Joshua Pesireron, Michael Wilbert Puradisastra, Ryan Hartono, Kevin Yovan Hermanto, Tony Handoko
    Journal of Renewable Materials, DOI:10.32604/jrm.2023.031261
    Abstract This research paper describes the synthesis of thermo-reversible cross-linking of sago starch by grafting a furan pendant group (methyl 2-furoate) onto the starch backbone, followed by a Diels-Alder (DA) reaction of the furan functional group with 1,1′-(methylenedi-4,1-phenylene) bismaleimide (BM). The proof of principles was provided by FTIR and 1H-NMR analyses. The relevant FTIR peaks are the carbonyl peak (υ C=O sym) at 1721 cm−1 ; the two peaks appeared after DA cross-linking, i.e., at 1510 cm−1 (corresponding to υ CH=CH BM aromatic rings, stretching vibrations), and at 1173 cm−1 (assigned to cycloadduct (C-O-C, δ DA ring)) while the 1H-NMR result… More >

  • Open Access

    ARTICLE

    Silica Gel from Chemical Glass Bottle Waste as Adsorbent for Methylene Blue: Optimization Using BBD

    Suprapto Suprapto, Putri Augista Nur Azizah, Yatim Lailun Ni’mah*
    Journal of Renewable Materials, DOI:10.32604/jrm.2023.031210
    (This article belongs to this Special Issue: Special Issue in Celebration of JRM 10 Years)
    Abstract This research focuses on the effective removal of methylene blue dye using silica gel synthesized from chemical glass bottle waste as an environmentally friendly and cost-effective adsorbent. The adsorption process was optimized using Box-Behnken Design (BBD) and Response Surface Methodology (RSM) to investigate the influence of pH (6; 8 and 10), contact time (15; 30 and 45 min), adsorbent mass (30; 50 and 70 mg), and initial concentration (20; 50 and 80 mg/L) of the adsorbate on the adsorption efficiency. The BBD was conducted using Google Colaboratory software, which encompassed 27 experiments with randomly assigned combinations. The silica gel synthesized… More >

  • Open Access

    ARTICLE

    High-Value-Added Utilization of Turpentine: Screening of Anti-Influenza Virus Agents from β-Pinene Derivatives

    Yiwen Li1,#, Hongyan Si1,#, Peng Wang1, Hai Luo1, Minggui Shen2, Xiaoping Rao3, Zhanqian Song2, Shibin Shang2, Zongde Wang1,*, Shengliang Liao1,*
    Journal of Renewable Materials, DOI:10.32604/jrm.2023.031089
    Abstract Turpentine is a renewable and resourceful forest product. The deep processing and utilization of turpentine, particularly its primary component β-pinene, has garnered widespread attention. This study aimed to synthesize 40 derivatives of β-pinene, including nopinone, 3-cyanopyridines of nopinone, myrtanyl acid, myrtanyl acylthioureas, and myrtanyl amides. We assessed the antiviral activities of these β-pinene derivatives against influenza virus A/Puerto Rico/8/34 (H1N1) using the 3-(4,5-dimetylthiazol-2-yl)-2,5-diphenyltetrazolium bromide method. The β-pinene derivatives were used before and after cellular infection with the influenza virus to evaluate their preventive and therapeutic effects against the H1N1 virus. The results showed that only compound 10o exhibited a preventive… More >

  • Open Access

    ARTICLE

    Comparison of Combustion Characteristics of Tars Produced with Tobacco Stem Biomass Gasification

    Bo Chen1, Mingjun Wang2, Bo Liu3,*, Chunping Lu4, Guohai Jia1, Yong Chao5, Chao Zhong1
    Journal of Renewable Materials, DOI:10.32604/jrm.2023.031521
    Abstract In order to study the combustion characteristics of tar in biomass gasifier inner wall and gasification gas, “tobacco stem semi-tar inside furnace”, “tobacco stem tar inside furnace” and “tobacco stem tar out-of-furnace” were subjected to thermogravimetric experiments, and the combustion characteristics and kinetic characteristics were analyzed. The result shows that “tobacco stem semi-tar inside furnace” has the highest value and “tobacco stem tar out-of-furnace” is has the lowest value on ignition characteristics, combustion characteristics and combustible stability; “tobacco stem semi-tar inside furnace” has the lowest value and “tobacco stem tar outside furnace” has the highest value on burnout characteristics; “tobacco… More >

  • Open Access

    REVIEW

    Malachite Green Adsorption Using Carbon-Based and Non-Conventional Adsorbent Made from Biowaste and Biomass: A Review

    Annisa Ardiyanti, Suprapto Suprapto, Yatim Lailun Ni’mah*
    Journal of Renewable Materials, DOI:10.32604/jrm.2023.031354
    Abstract Dyes are pervasive contaminants in wastewater, posing significant health risks to both humans and animals. Among the various methods employed for effective dye removal, adsorption has emerged as a highly promising approach due to its notable advantages, including high efficiency, cost-effectiveness, low energy consumption, and operational simplicity compared to alternative treatments. This comprehensive review focuses on investigating adsorbents derived from biowastes and biomass, specifically carbon-based and non-conventional adsorbents, for the removal of malachite green, a widely used dye known for its toxic and carcinogenic properties. Carbon-based adsorbents encompass two main types: activated carbon and biochar, while non-conventional adsorbents refer to… More >

  • Open Access

    ARTICLE

    Insecticidal Activity and Physicochemical Characterization of Nanoparticles from Foliar Extract of Capsicum chinense

    Arnoldo E. Alfaro-Corres1, Daniel González-Mendoza2, Esaú Ruiz-Sánchez1,*, Carlos Ail-Catzin2, Benjamín Valdez-Salas3, Federico Gutiérrez-Miceli4, Arturo Reyes-Ramírez1, Jacques Fils Pierre1
    Journal of Renewable Materials, DOI:10.32604/jrm.2023.031129
    Abstract This work was carried out to evaluate the insecticidal effect of mono, bi and trimetallic nanoparticles (NPs) from leaf extract of habanero pepper (Capsicum chinense Jacq.) on the red flour beetle (Tribolium castaneum herbst.) and cotton mealybug (Phenacoccus solenopsis Tinsley). The results showed that Cu NPs, Cu/Mn NPs and Zn/Cu NPs had high insecticidal effect against T. castaneum (63%–80% mortality after 96 h). The Cu NPs and Zn/Cu NPs showed also insecticidal effect against P. solenopsis, but to a lesser extent (20%–28% after 96 h). With regards to the physicochemical characterization, Cu NPs had a zeta potential of 21.1 mV,… More >

  • Open Access

    EDITORIAL

    Renewable Biomass as a Platform for Preparing Green Chemistry

    Qiaoguang Li1,*, Puyou Jia2,*, Ying Luo3, Yue Liu4
    Journal of Renewable Materials, DOI:10.32604/jrm.2023.044083
    (This article belongs to this Special Issue: Renewable Biomass as a Platform for Preparing Green Chemistry)
    Abstract This article has no abstract. More >

  • Open Access

    ARTICLE

    Use of Additive Based on Non-Timber Forest Products for the Ecological Stabilization of Raw Earth: Case of the Parkia Biglobosa Nut and Vitellaria Paradoxa

    Bio Chéïssou Koto Tamou1,2,3, Jean-Michel Mechling2, Crespin Prudence Yabi1,*, Gildas Edjrossè F. Godonou3, Edmond Codjo Adjovi1, Mohamed Gibigaye3, André Lecomte2, Nicolas Brosse4
    Journal of Renewable Materials, DOI:10.32604/jrm.2023.030509
    (This article belongs to this Special Issue: Environmentally Friendly and Renewable Civil Engineer Materials)
    Abstract The housing sector today uses elaborate materials such as cement, iron, sand, often prohibitively expensive and whose production generates a strong environmental impact (scarcity of resources, transport, greenhouse gas greenhouse, etc.). In order to meet the challenges of sustainable development, earth construction is experiencing a resurgence of interest these days. Despite its many advantages, raw earth material has drawbacks, in particular its low mechanical resistance and its loss of geometric characteristics in the face of water, which slow down its development. As part of this study, the mechanical characteristics and durability of raw earth were improved by using residual water… More >

  • Open Access

    ARTICLE

    Nitrogen-Doped Amorphous Carbon Homojunction from Palmyra Sugar as a Renewable Solar Cell

    Budhi Priyanto1,2,*, Imam Khambali1,2, Irma Septi Ardiani2, Khoirotun Nadhiyah4, Anna Zakiyatul Laila2, M. Chasrun Hasani1, Bima Romadhon3, Retno Asih2, Yoyok Cahyono2, Triwikantoro2, Darminto2,*
    Journal of Renewable Materials, DOI:10.32604/jrm.2023.028619
    Abstract An a-C/a-C:N junction, which used palmyra sugar as the carbon source and ammonium hydroxide (NH4OH) as the dopant source, was successfully deposited on the ITO glass substrate using the nano-spraying method. The current-voltage relationship of the junction was found to be a Schottky-like contact, and therefore the junction shows the characteristic rectifiers. This means the a-C and a-C:N are semiconductors with different types of conduction. Moreover, the samples showed an increase in current and voltage value when exposed to visible light (bright state) compared to the dark condition, thereby, indicating the creation of electron-hole pairs during the exposure. It was… More >

  • Open Access

    ARTICLE

    Influence of Bayer Red Mud on the Operational and Mechanical Characteristics of Composite Cement Mortar

    Cheng Hu1,2, Weiheng Xiang1,3,*, Ping Chen2,3, Yi Yang4,5, Libo Zhou3, Jiufang Jiang5, Shunkai Li2,4, Yang Ming1, Qing Li3
    Journal of Renewable Materials, DOI:10.32604/jrm.2023.027544
    Abstract The aim of this study is to enhance the value and utilization of red mud generated in the Bayer process by preparing composite cement mortars. The effects of two different types of Bayer red mud with varying physical and chemical characteristics on the fluidity, mechanical strength, mineral composition, and microstructure of the composite cement mortar were systematically evaluated. The results showed that the optimal addition of red mud A was 10 wt%, while it was 20 wt% for red mud B. The mechanical properties of the composite cement mortar met the standards for P·O42.5 cement. Furthermore, the composite mortar with… More >

  • Open Access

    ARTICLE

    CoS Nanosheets Coated with Dopamine-Derived Carbon Standing on Carbon Fiber Cloth as Binder-Free Anode for Li-ion Batteries

    Lianyuan Ji1, Mingchen Shi1, Zengkai Feng2, Hui Yang1,*
    Journal of Renewable Materials, DOI:10.32604/jrm.2023.030599
    (This article belongs to this Special Issue: Advanced Renewable Energy Storage Materials and Their Composite: Preparation, Characterization and Applications)
    Abstract Cobalt sulphides attract much attention as anode materials for Li-ion batteries (LIBs). However, its poor conductivity, low initial column efficiency and large volume changes during cycling have hindered its further development. Herein, novel interlaced CoS nanosheets were firstly prepared on Carbon Fiber Cloth (CFC) by two hydrothermal reactions followed with carbon coating via carbonizing dopamine (CoS NS@C/CFC). As a freestanding anode, the nanosheet structure of CoS not only accommodates the volume variation, but also provides a large interface area to proceed the charge transfer reaction. In addition, CFC works as both a three-dimensional skeleton and an active substance which can… More >

  • Open Access

    ARTICLE

    Effect of Bio-Based Organic‒Inorganic Hybrid Hydrogels on Fire Prevention of Spontaneous Combustion of Coals

    Hu Shi, Wei Cai, Xin Wang*, Lei Song, Yuan Hu*
    Journal of Renewable Materials, DOI:10.32604/jrm.2023.029888
    Abstract To solve the fire accidents caused by coal combustion, this work prepared four hybrid hydrogel materials using bio-based polymers, flame retardants, and inorganic materials. Compared to pure water and 3.5 wt% MgCl2 solution, the as-prepared hydrogel presents good fire prevention performance. In addition, it is found that CO and CO2 are not produced by coal when the pyrolysis temperature is lower than 200°C. During low-temperature pyrolysis, CO is more likely to be produced than CO2, indicating inadequate pyrolysis behavior. At the same time, the addition of fire-preventing hydrogel can not only decrease the maximum CO2 concentration before the critical temperature… More >

  • Open Access

    ARTICLE

    Preparation and Characterization of Biobased Dehydroabietyl Polyethylene Glycol Glycidyl Ether-Grafted Hydroxyethyl Cellulose with High Emulsifying Property

    Zhengqing Ding, Quan Yang, Xinyan Yan, Feng Gu, Xujuan Huang*, Zhaosheng Cai*
    Journal of Renewable Materials, DOI:10.32604/jrm.2023.029424
    (This article belongs to this Special Issue: Multifunctional and Comprehensive bio-based Forest Product Chemistry)
    Abstract Dehydroabietyl polyethylene glycol glycidyl ether-grafted hydroxyethyl cellulose (HEC) polymer surfactant (DA (EO)5GE-g-HEC) was prepared using ring-opening polymerization with biobased rosin and hydroxyethyl cellulose as feedstocks. Dehydroabietyl polyethylene glycol glycidyl ether (DA(EO)5GE) was formed by condensation of dehydroabietyl alcohol polyoxyethylene ether (Rosin derivative: DA(EO)5H) and epichlorohydrin. The grafting degree of DA(EO)5GE-g-HEC was manipulated by adjusting the mass ratio of HEC and DA(EO)5GE and con- firmed by EA. According to the formula, when m(HEC)/m(DA(EO)2GE) was 1:1~1:5, the grafting rate of DA(EO)5GE in DA(EO)5GE-g-HEC varied from 34.43% to 38.33%. The surface activity and foam properties of DA(EO)5GE-gHEC aqueous solution were studied. The results… More >

  • Open Access

    ARTICLE

    Fluoride Ion Adsorption Effect and Adsorption Mechanism of Self-Supported Adsorbent Materials Based on Desulfurization Gypsum-Aluminate Cement

    Xuefeng Song*, Minjuan Sun, Juan He, Lei Wang
    Journal of Renewable Materials, DOI:10.32604/jrm.2023.028885
    (This article belongs to this Special Issue: Eco-Friendly Waste-Base Materials for Pollution Control Sustainable Technologies)
    Abstract The adsorption method has the advantages of low cost, high efficiency, and environmental friendliness in treating fluorinated wastewater, and the adsorbent material is the key. This study combines the inherent anion-exchange adsorption properties of layered double hydroxides (LDHs). Self-supported porous adsorbent materials loaded with AFm and AFt were prepared from a composite cementitious system consisting of calcium aluminate cement (CAC) and flue gas desulfurization gypsum (FGDG) by chemical foaming technique. The mineral composition of the adsorbent material was characterized by X-ray diffraction (XRD) and Scanning electron microscopy (SEM). Through the static adsorption experiment, the adsorption effect of the mineral composition… More >

  • Open Access

    ARTICLE

    Biomass Carbon Improves the Adsorption Performance of Gangue-Based Ceramsites: Adsorption Kinetics and Mechanism Analysis

    Haodong Li1, Huiling Du1,*, Le Kang1, Yewen Zhang1, Tong Lu1, Yuchan Zhang1, Lan Yang2, Shijie Song2
    Journal of Renewable Materials, DOI:10.32604/jrm.2023.028877
    (This article belongs to this Special Issue: Eco-Friendly Waste-Base Materials for Pollution Control Sustainable Technologies)
    Abstract The large accumulation of coal gangue, a common industrial solid waste, causes severe environmental problems, and green development strategies are required to transform this waste into high-value-added products. In this study, low-cost ceramsites adsorbents were prepared from waste gangue, silt coal, and peanut shells and applied to remove the organic dye methylene blue from wastewater. We investigated the microstructure of ceramsites and the effects of the sintering atmosphere, sintering temperature, and solution pH on their adsorption performance. The ceramsites sintered at 800°C under a nitrogen atmosphere exhibited the largest three-dimensional-interconnected hierarchical porous structure among the prepared ceramsites; further, it exhibited… More >

  • Open Access

    ARTICLE

    Experimental Investigation on the Strength and Ductility Performance of SteelTimber-Steel Joints with Screw and Steel-Tube Fasteners

    Huifeng Yang, Mingwang Wu, Rixin Gu, Hang Cao, Kai Xiao, Benkai Shi*
    Journal of Renewable Materials, DOI:10.32604/jrm.2023.028507
    Abstract This article presents experimental results of steel-timber-steel (STS) joints loaded parallel to grain. Eight groups of specimens were designed, and tensile tests were performed. The fastener types and fastener numbers were considered to evaluate the tensile strengths and ductility performances of the STS joints. The screws with 6 mm diameter and the innovative steel-tubes with 18 mm diameter were adopted as connecting fasteners. The experimental results were discussed in terms of yielding and ultimate strengths, slip stiffness, and ductility factors. The ductility classification and failure mechanisms of each group of specimens were analyzed. It was demonstrated that the STS joint… More >

  • Open Access

    ARTICLE

    Preparation of High Activity Admixture from Steel Slag, Phosphate Slag and Limestone Powder

    Ying Ji*, Xi Liu*
    Journal of Renewable Materials, DOI:10.32604/jrm.2023.028439
    Abstract The problem of low disposal and utilization rate of bulk industrial solid waste needs to be solved. In this paper, a high-activity admixture composed of steel slag-phosphate slag-limestone powder was proposed for most of the solid waste with low activity and a negative impact on concrete workability, combining the characteristics of each solid waste. The paper demonstrates the feasibility and explains the principle of the composite system in terms of water requirement of standard consistency, setting time, workability, and mechanical properties, combined with the composition of the phases, hydration temperature, and microscopic morphology. The results showed that the steel slag:phosphate… More >

  • Open Access

    ARTICLE

    Experimental Investigation on Compressive Properties of Fiber Recycled Aggregate Concrete

    Guiwu Lin, Kaige Liu, Yuliang Chen*, YunPeng Ji, Rui Jiang
    Journal of Renewable Materials, DOI:10.32604/jrm.2023.028290
    Abstract This paper presents an experimental study to explore the compressive properties of fiber recycled aggregate concrete. A total of 75 specimens with the replacement rate of recycled coarse aggregate and fiber type were conducted under a uniaxial compressive test. The failure modes, stress-strain whole curves, peak stress, peak strain, and energy dissipation capacity were systematically observed and revealed. Test results indicate that steel fiber has the best modification effect on energy dissipation capacity and the toughness index of recycled concrete, corresponding to the enhancement of 81.75% and 22.90% on average. The addition of polyvinyl alcohol fiber can effectively improve the… More >

  • Open Access

    ARTICLE

    Acidic Magnetic Biocarbon-Enabled Upgrading of Biomass-Based Hexanedione into Pyrroles

    Zhimei Li1, Kuan Tian2, Keping Wang2, Zhengyi Li2, Haoli Qin1,*, Hu Li2,*
    Journal of Renewable Materials, DOI:10.32604/jrm.2023.030122
    (This article belongs to this Special Issue: Biochar Based Materials for a Green Future)
    Abstract Sustainable acquisition of bioactive compounds from biomass-based platform molecules is a green alternative for existing CO2-emitting fossil-fuel technologies. Herein, a core–shell magnetic biocarbon catalyst functionalized with sulfonic acid (Fe3O4@SiO2@chitosan-SO3H, MBC-SO3H) was prepared to be efficient for the synthesis of various N-substituted pyrroles (up to 99% yield) from bio-based hexanedione and amines under mild conditions. The abundance of Brønsted acid sites in the MBC-SO3H ensured smooth condensation of 2,5-hexanedione with a variety of amines to produce N-substituted pyrroles. The reaction was illustrated to follow the conventional PallKnorr coupling pathway, which includes three cascade reaction steps: amination, loop closure and dehydration. The… More >

  • Open Access

    REVIEW

    Advances in Research of Molded Pulp for Food Packaging

    Yifan Liu1, Shufeng Ma2, Feijie Wang1, Liqiang Wang1,*
    Journal of Renewable Materials, DOI:10.32604/jrm.2023.028251
    (This article belongs to this Special Issue: Food Packaging Materials Based on Renewable Resources)
    Abstract The molded pulp, a product of three-dimensional papermaking technology, is environmentally friendly and has a low environmental impact due to its ability to decompose quickly in the natural environment after disposal. The application of molded pulp for food packaging can replace or reduce the use of plastic food packaging. Researchers extract fibers from plants for the production of safe and hygienic molded pulp for food packaging, and they also study and enhance the qualities of molded pulp to broaden its use in the food industry. This paper reviews the sources and varieties of plant fiber used in molded pulp for… More >

  • Open Access

    ARTICLE

    Preparation of Environmentally Friendly Urea-Hexanediamine-Glyoxal (HUG) Resin Wood Adhesive

    Qianyu Zhang1,2,#, Shi Chen1,2,#, Long Cao1,2, Hong Lei3, Antonio Pizzi4, Xuedong Xi1,2,*, Guanben Du1,2
    Journal of Renewable Materials, DOI:10.32604/jrm.2023.029537
    Abstract Using non-toxic, low-volatile glyoxal to completely replace formaldehyde for preparing urea-glyoxal (UG) resin adhesive is a hot research topic that could be of great interest for the wood industry. However, urea-glyoxal (UG) resins prepared by just using glyoxal instead of formaldehyde usually yields a lower degree of polymerization. This results in a poorer bonding performance and water resistance of UG resins. A good solution is to pre-react urea to preform polyurea molecules presenting already a certain degree of polymerization, and then to condense these with glyoxal to obtain a novel UG resin. Therefore, in this present work, the urea was… More >

  • Open Access

    ARTICLE

    Research and Application of Log Defect Detection and Visualization System Based on Dry Coupling Ultrasonic Method

    Yongning Yuan1, Dong Zhang2, Usama Sayed3, Hao Zhu1, Jun Wang4, Xiaojun Yang2, Zheng Wang2,*
    Journal of Renewable Materials, DOI:10.32604/jrm.2023.028764
    (This article belongs to this Special Issue: Bio-Composite Materials and Structures-2023)
    Abstract In order to optimize the wood internal quality detection and evaluation system and improve the comprehensive utilization rate of wood, this paper invented a set of log internal defect detection and visualization system by using the ultrasonic dry coupling agent method. The detection and visualization analysis of internal log defects were realized through log specimen test. The main conclusions show that the accuracy, reliability and practicability of the system for detecting the internal defects of log specimens have been effectively verified. The system can make the edge of the detected image smooth by interpolation algorithm, and the edge detection algorithm… More >

  • Open Access

    ARTICLE

    Theoretical Analysis on Deflection and Bearing Capacity of Prestressed BambooSteel Composite Beams

    Qifeng Shan1,2, Ming Mao2, Yushun Li3,*
    Journal of Renewable Materials, DOI:10.32604/jrm.2023.029445
    Abstract A theoretical analysis of upward deflection and midspan deflection of prestressed bamboo-steel composite beams is presented in this study. The deflection analysis considers the influences of interface slippage and shear deformation. Furthermore, the calculation model for flexural capacity is proposed considering the two stages of loading. The theoretical results are verified with 8 specimens considering different prestressed load levels, load schemes, and prestress schemes. The results indicate that the proposed theoretical analysis provides a feasible prediction of the deflection and bearing capacity of bamboo-steel composite beams. For deflection analysis, the method considering the slippage and shear deformation provides better accuracy.… More >

  • Open Access

    ARTICLE

    Unraveling the Rheology of Nanocellulose Aqueous Suspensions: A Comprehensive Study on Biomass-Derived Nanofibrillated Cellulose

    Mingyue Miao1,#, Fei Wang1,#, Qing Li1, Longchen Tao1, Chenchen Dai1, Yu Liu1, Shujuan Han1, Wenshuai Chen1,*, Ping Lu2,*
    Journal of Renewable Materials, DOI:10.32604/jrm.2023.030412
    (This article belongs to this Special Issue: Nanocellulose and Nanocellulose-Derived Functional Materials-2021)
    Abstract The rheological properties of nanocellulose aqueous suspensions play a critical role in the development of nanocellulose-based bulk materials. High-crystalline, high-aspect ratio, and slender nanofibrillated cellulose (NFC) were extracted from four biomass resources. The cellulose nanofibrils and nanofibril bundles formed inter-connected networks in the NFC aqueous suspensions. The storage moduli of the suspensions with different concentrations were higher than their corresponding loss moduli. As the concentration increased, the storage and loss modulus of NFC dispersion increased. When the shear rate increased to a certain value, there were differences in the changing trend of the rheological behavior of NFC aqueous suspensions derived… More >

  • Open Access

    ARTICLE

    A New Exploration of Artificially Induced Spalted Wood of Two Fungi: Hypoxylon and Sistotrema

    Yan Yan, Junpeng Dong, Haibo Hu, Susu Yang, Lin Liu, Lei Qin*
    Journal of Renewable Materials, DOI:10.32604/jrm.2023.028099
    Abstract One strain of Hypoxylon sp. CXM-3 and one strain of Sistotrema brinkmannii CXM-4 were inoculated onto sterilized cherry, poplar, birch, and basswood sheets in a certain shape and incubated at constant temperature and humidity for 4, 8, 12, and 16 weeks, respectively, to analyze whether the grain pattern formed by the zone lines was consistent with the predetermined pattern. The results showed that the zone lines of CXM-3 of Hypoxylon were free, delicate, and soft, with brown lines and black staining, mostly accompanied by black and brown dots, facets, and clusters, while the zone lines of CXM-4 of Sistotrema brinkmanniiMore >

  • Open Access

    ARTICLE

    In-Situ Growing of Branched CNFs on Reusable RCFs to Construct Hierarchical Cross-Linked Composite for Enhanced Microwave Absorption

    Lei Liu*, Shenao Pang, Zhuhui Luo
    Journal of Renewable Materials, DOI:10.32604/jrm.2023.028192
    (This article belongs to this Special Issue: Renewable Biomass-based Magnetic Composites for Eliminating the Contamination of Microwave Radiation)
    Abstract The recycling of carbon fibers and protection from unwanted microwave radiation are two important environmental issues that need to be addressed in modern society. Herein, branched carbon nanofibers (CNFs) were grown in-situ on recycled carbon fibers (RCFs) through the chemical vapor deposition method using nickel as catalysts and thiophene as aided-catalysts. The effect of thiophene on the growth morphology of CNFs was investigated. Correspondingly, branched CNFs-RCFs and straight CNFs-RCFs were respectively obtained in the presence and absence of thiophene. The microstructure and electromagnetic behaviour investigations have shown that the branched CNFs possess a typical multi-branched structure, with more defects, pores… More >

  • Open Access

    ARTICLE

    Dynamic Testing of Elastic Modulus, Shear Modulus, and Poisson’s Ratio of Bamboo Scrimber

    Xiaoyu Gu1, Linbi Chen2, Seithati Mapesela3, Zheng Wang1,*, Aijin Zhou4
    Journal of Renewable Materials, DOI:10.32604/jrm.2023.028768
    (This article belongs to this Special Issue: Bio-Composite Materials and Structures-2023)
    Abstract The bamboo scrimber is an anisotropic material. The elastic constant values of the bamboo scrimber specimens measured by the dynamic and static methods are consistent, and the dynamic test method has the advantages of rapidity, simplicity, good repeatability, and high precision. Bamboo scrimber has strong potential as a building material, and its elastic constant is an important index to measure its mechanical properties. To quickly, simply, non-destructively, and accurately detect the elastic constant of the bamboo scrimber, they were dynamically tested by the free plate transient excitation method and cantilever plate torsional vibration method. The static four-point bending method was… More >

  • Open Access

    ARTICLE

    Self-Cross-Linked Tannin-Aminated Tannin Surface Coatings for Particleboard

    Bengang Zhang1,*, Antonio Pizzi2,*, Mathieu Petrissans1, Anelie Petrissans1, Colin Baptiste1
    Journal of Renewable Materials, DOI:10.32604/jrm.2023.029761
    Abstract Aminated tannins were prepared by reacting mimosa condensed tannin extract with ammonia yielding the substitution of many, if not all of the tannin hydroxyl groups with –NH2 groups. A tannin-aminated tannin (ATT) particleboard coating was then prepared by reacting raw tannin extract with aminated tannin extract and thus cross-liking the two by substituting tannin’s hydroxyl groups with the –NH2 groups on the aminated tannin to form –NH-bridges between the two. The resulting particleboard coating gave encouraging results when pressed at 180°C for 3 min. Conversely, the system in which tannin was reacted/cross-liked with urea (ATU) by a similar amination reaction… More >

  • Open Access

    ARTICLE

    Flame Retardant Material Based on Cellulose Scaffold Mineralized by Calcium Carbonate

    Jinshuo Wang, Lida Xing, Fulong Zhang, Chuanfu Liu*
    Journal of Renewable Materials, DOI:10.32604/jrm.2023.029057
    Abstract Wood-based functional materials have developed rapidly. But the flammability significantly limits its further application. To improve the flame retardancy, the balsa wood was delignified by NaClO2 solution to create a cellulose scaffold, and then alternately immersed in CaCl2 ethanol solution and NaHCO3 aqueous solution under vacuum. The high porosity and wettability resulting from delignification benefited the following mineralization process, changing the thermal properties of balsa wood significantly. The organic-inorganic wood composite showed abundant CaCO3 spherical particles under scanning electron microscopy. The peak of the heat release rate of delignified balsa-CaCO3 was reduced by 33% compared to the native balsa, according… More >

  • Open Access

    ARTICLE

    Naturally Nitrogen-Doped Biochar Made from End-of-Life Wood Panels for SO2 Gas Depollution

    Hamdi Hachicha1,2, Mamadou Dia2, Hassine Bouafif2, Ahmed Koubaa1, Mohamed Khlif3, Flavia Lega Braghiroli1,*
    Journal of Renewable Materials, DOI:10.32604/jrm.2023.029454
    (This article belongs to this Special Issue: Renewable Nanostructured Porous Materials: Synthesis, Processing, and Applications)
    Abstract Reconstituted wood panels have several advantages in terms of ease of manufacturing, but their shorter life span results in a huge amount of reconstituted wood panels being discarded in sorting centers yearly. Currently, the most common approach for dealing with this waste is incineration. In this study, reconstituted wood panels were converted into activated biochar through a two-step thermochemical process: (i) biochar production using pilot scale fast pyrolysis at 250 kg/h and 450°C; and (ii) a physical activation at three temperatures (750°C, 850°C and 950°C) using an in-house activation furnace (1 kg/h). Results showed that the first stage removed about… More >

  • Open Access

    ARTICLE

    Smart Colorimetric Corn Starch Films Combined with Anthocyanin-Loaded Glutenin-Carboxymethyl Chitosan Nanocomplexes for Freshness Monitoring of Chilled Pork

    Juan Yan1, Wenchao Li1, Xianfang Zhang1, Shisheng Liu2,*
    Journal of Renewable Materials, DOI:10.32604/jrm.2023.028927
    (This article belongs to this Special Issue: Active and Intelligent Food Packaging Films)
    Abstract In this study, intelligent, pH-responsive colorimetric films were prepared by encapsulating anthocyanins in nanocomplexes prepared from glutenin and carboxymethyl chitosan. These nanocomplexes were added to a corn starch matrix and used in the freshness monitoring of chilled pork. The effects of anthocyanin-loaded nanocomplexes on the physical, structural, and functional characteristics of the films were investigated. The addition of anthocyanin-loaded nanocomplexes increased the tensile strength, elongation at break, hydrophobicity, and light transmittance of the films while decreasing their water vapor permeability. This is because new hydrogen bonds are formed between the film components, resulting in a more homogeneous and dense structure.… More >

  • Open Access

    ARTICLE

    A Melamine–Dialdehyde Starch Wood Particleboard Surface Finish without Formaldehyde

    Bengang Zhang1,*, Antonio Pizzi2,*, Mathieu Petrissans1, Anelie Petrissans1, Baptiste Colin1
    Journal of Renewable Materials, DOI:10.32604/jrm.2023.028888
    Abstract Melamine-dialdehyde starch resins used for wood surface finishes have been developed. The reaction of melamine with dialdehyde starch has been shown to occur by FTIR and MALDI ToF spectrometry, with several oligomer species due to the reaction of the two materials being identified, and the resin thermal stability was studied by thermogravimetric analysis. The resins were prepared by two different procedures when it was realized that dialdehyde starch is sensitive to too high a temperature for prolonged times. The melamine-dialdehyde starch resins were applied on particleboard supports as a direct liquid surface finish and a resin-impregnated paper. The surface finishes… More >

  • Open Access

    ARTICLE

    Coordinate-Parametric Matrix Model Inspired Square-Conjoint Pattern in Cross Woven for Conventional Bamboo Mat

    Ye Fu1, Liwen Deng1,*, Jinbo Hu2,3,*, Ti Li3, Shanshan Chang2
    Journal of Renewable Materials, DOI:10.32604/jrm.2023.028454
    (This article belongs to this Special Issue: Computational Tools for Renewable Materials)
    Abstract In the study, it is proposed that a coordinate-parametric matrix model is performed to a square-conjoint pattern of cross woven (SCPCW) in the bamboo mat. The patterns of SCPCW are firstly detected according to the perspective of configuration, which is divided into the basic-monomer shape and the basic combination shape. Secondly, the compositions of design patterns in SCPCW are analyzed to attain the trend of curve shape. Based on the coordinate-parametric matrix model, the specimens of SCPCW are subsequently accomplished to elaborate the woven logic of bamboo mats. The digital innovation of SCPCW, defined by a mathematical resolution, is implemented… More >