Guest Editors
Haitao Li, Professor, Nanjing Forestry University, China.
Professor Haitao Li, Joint Training PhD by Tongji University and the University of Western Australia, is the Vice Dean of College of Civil Engineering in Nanjing Forestry University. He has published more than 100 papers and authorized more than 80 patents. He has won 8 scientific award ranked top 1 and worked as project leaders for ISO standard, CECS and so on. He has written 3 books and worked as INBAR Construction Task Force Key Expert, ISO TC165 timber structure committee, the International Scientific Committee on the Analysis and Restoration of Structures of Architectural Heritage (ISCARSAH) and so on. He is also one of the co-founding members of the International Research Centre for Bio-composite Building Materials and Structures, which was established in 2018 and is located in Nanjing Forestry University. He also played a leading role in launching the ACEM conference (Advances in Civil Engineering Materials) and World Symposium on Bio-composite Materials and Structures (SBMS). He also works as the editor or reviewer for more than 20 SCI journals.
Mahmud Ashraf, Professor, Deakin University, Australia.
Mahmud Ashraf is the Head of Civil and Environmental Engineering discipline within the School of Engineering in Deakin University, Australia. He always embraces new concepts and materials in structural applications and is an advocate of hybrid structures to minimise environmental impact due to construction. His PhD research at Imperial College London (UK) was one of the first contributions towards development of a strain based design technique, which is currently known as the Continuous Strength Method. Over the years, Mahmud investigated various aspects of geopolymer concrete, innovative composite materials and 3D printed metallic structures. In recent times, he has been contributing heavily to structural applications of renewable materials including timber and bamboo for a sustainable future. With significant industry support, he is currently leading the Engineered Timber Structures Research Group in Deakin University and is also one of the research theme leaders in 3DEC (Deakin Digital Design and Engineering Centre). Mahmud is an academic adviser to WoodSolutions and is a task force member of INBAR (International Network for Bamboo and Rattan).
Rodolfo Lorenzo, University College London, UK.
Dr Rodolfo Lorenzo joined UCL in 2012 with over 7-years previous design experience in the UK specialist structural engineering consultancies Ramboll UK and Flint and Neill Ltd (now COWI UK). Dr Lorenzo was the Principal Investigator of the EPSRC-funded project BIM Bamboo (Grant Ref EP/M017702/1) focused on the development of the basic research and proof-of-concept processes to generate the digital databases of individual bamboo poles to support a new design and fabrication framework based on the principles of Building Information Modelling (BIM) and the use of modern technologies. Dr Lorenzo was also the Principal Investigator of an EPSRC Global Challenges Research Fund Institutional Sponsorship Award 2016 - University College London (Grant Ref EP/P510890/1). This grant funded a field trip to China in the summer of 2016 to carry out the first trial implementation of the processes of the BIM Bamboo project in the facilities of a bamboo distributor in Jiangxi province. Finally, Dr Lorenzo has been a Member of the Task Force on Bamboo Construction of the International Network for Bamboo and Rattan (INBAR) since January 2015.
Edwin Zea, Swiss Federal Institute of Technology in Zurich, Switzerland.
Dr. Edwin Zea is Senior Assistant at the Chair for Sustainable Construction ETH Zürich. He holds a MSc degree in Urban environmental Management from Wageningen University in The Netherlands and PhD from the ETH Zürich in Switzerland. His work focuses on the sustainability assessment of construction materials and buildings. He makes special emphasis on the assessment of post-disaster reconstruction and social housing projects in a wide variety of geographical context. His work has been published in many renowned scientific journals of his field of research and presented in several International conferences. Currently, his research aims to bridge the gap between innovation and development from research institutions and their application on the construction industry. He also advises several projects and programs in Africa and Latin America in subjects of Environmental Assessment, Carbon Crediting and circular economy measures on the built environment.
Summary
With the quick development of economic, the mineral resources become fewer and fewer and the living environment for our globe becomes worse and worse. Now more and more people are paying attention to the natural green materials such as timber, bamboo, straw and other biomass materials. These renewable materials could be developed into many kinds of products which could be used in our everyday life. One of the main ways is construction materials which could offer good living conditions for our human being compared with other materials from minerals. Making full use of these kinds of materials is a sustainable way to develop our globe.
This Special Issue is mainly about the green materials and structures, such as timber, bamboo, straw and other biomass materials and structures and so on.
Papers about the test methods, properties and structural applications for sustainable materials and structures both from macroscopic and microcosmic are welcome.
Keywords
Strain; Stress; Strength; Modulus; Deflection; Stiffness; Ductility; Tensile;Compression; Shear; Bending; Bricks; Beam; Column; Joint; Frame; Bamboo; Wood; Timber; CLT; Straw; Bio-Composite Materials and Structures
Published Papers
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Open Access
ARTICLE
Experimental Mode and Vibration Comfort Analysis of High-Rise Glulam Building Floor Structure
Yuhang He, Rongzhuo Zhang, Yifan Zhang, Zheng Wang
Journal of Renewable Materials, DOI:10.32604/jrm.2023.025867
(This article belongs to this Special Issue:
Bio-Composite Materials and Structures-2021)
Abstract In order to better meet the objective requirements of the use safety of the high-rise glulam building floor structure
and the living comfort of the residents, the transient excitation, environmental excitation and frequency spectrum
identification methods were used to carry out experimental modal test in-site on the three rooms numbered A, B
and C of the same glulam structural building. The three rooms have different functions, different floor sizes and
different floor supporting structures. The research results have shown that the first-order bending frequency of
the floor structure of Room A is 27.50 Hz, the transverse second-order bending frequency is…
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Open Access
ARTICLE
Design and Development of Composite Plywood that Integrates Fire Resistance, Water Resistance and Wear Resistance
Xingyu Liang, Xiaoyu Gu, Myint Myint Paing Hsu, Yuhang He, Rongzhuo Zhang, Conghui Cai, Zheng Wang
Journal of Renewable Materials, Vol.11, No.5, pp. 2333-2344, 2023, DOI:10.32604/jrm.2023.026137
(This article belongs to this Special Issue:
Bio-Composite Materials and Structures-2021)
Abstract In order to improve the fire resistance, water resistance and wear resistance of ordinary plywood products in the
wood processing industry, three composite structures of plywood products S1, S2 and S3 were designed in this
paper, and a reasonable production process was proposed. Through the physical and mechanical properties
and fire resistance testing and technical and economic analysis, the applicability of composite plywood was evaluated. The results of the study showed that the physical mechanics of the three kinds of composite structure plywood met the standard requirements, and their fire resistance was far better than that of ordinary plywood.
Among…
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Open Access
ARTICLE
Preparation and Properties of Chinese Lacquer Modified by Methylolureas
Qiang Xiao, Yanjun Cao, Hailu Tan, Qiaoling Feng, Xinyue Gu, Jianhua Lyu, Hui Xiao, Ming Chen, Yuzhu Chen
Journal of Renewable Materials, Vol.11, No.2, pp. 1003-1016, 2023, DOI:10.32604/jrm.2022.023621
(This article belongs to this Special Issue:
Bio-Composite Materials and Structures-2021)
Abstract In this study, different molar of methylolureas (MMU) were used to improve the properties and drying speed of
the raw lacquer (RL). The drying time, gloss, pencil hardness and impact resistance of the lacquer film were tested.
The thermal behaviors and chemical structures of the lacquer membrane were also discussed by thermal gravimetric analysis (TGA), fourier infrared spectrometer (FT-IR) and nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) analysis,
respectively. The results demonstrated that lower molar ratio MMU can significantly improve the properties of
lacquer. The TGA analysis showed that the modified lacquer had high thermal stability than that of the control.
The FT-IR…
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Graphic Abstract
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Open Access
REVIEW
Research and Application Progress of Straw
Ben Chen, Sarah Mohrmann, Haitao Li, Milan Gaff, Rodolfo Lorenzo, Ileana Corbi, Ottavia Corbi, Kaidong Fang, Min Li
Journal of Renewable Materials, Vol.11, No.2, pp. 599-623, 2023, DOI:10.32604/jrm.2022.022452
(This article belongs to this Special Issue:
Bio-Composite Materials and Structures-2021)
Abstract Straw is a general term for the stem and leaf parts of mature crops, and is a multi-purpose renewable biomass energy resource in the agricultural ecosystem. The prospect of comprehensive utilization of straw has become broad with the development of agricultural production, the advancement of science and technology, and the improvement of the level of agricultural mechanization. The comprehensive utilization of straw plays an important role in enhancing the sustainable development ability of agricultural economy and improving the current situation of comprehensive utilization of agricultural resources in my country. This paper briefly combs the development history of straw and the…
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Open Access
ARTICLE
Influence of Dowel Center Spacing on Chamfered-Joint Components Made by Cupressus funebris Wood
Jianhua Lyu, Jialei Wang, Ziqiang Chen, Ming Chen
Journal of Renewable Materials, Vol.11, No.1, pp. 309-319, 2023, DOI:10.32604/jrm.2022.021478
(This article belongs to this Special Issue:
Bio-Composite Materials and Structures-2021)
Abstract The traditional tenon and mortise joint has low processing efficiency and a weak theoretical basis, making the
structure easy to deform and damage, reducing the safety, and increasing waste of resources. This study aims
to determine the optimum dowel center spacing parameter for chamfered-joint components and the maximum
value of the strength of joints loaded into bending strength and tensile strength. In this study, an integrated optimization method combining the single-factor test and one-way ANOVA analysis was proposed to study the influence of the dowel center spacing on the bending strength and the tensile strength of chamfered-joint components
made by…
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Open Access
REVIEW
A Review of Fibre Reinforced Polymer (FRP) Reinforced Concrete Composite Column Members Modelling and Analysis Techniques
Mahdi Hosseini, Bingyu Jian, Haitao Li, Dong Yang, Ziang Wang, Zixian Feng, Feng Shen, Jian Zhang, Rodolfo Lorenzo, Ileana Corbi, Ottavia Corbi
Journal of Renewable Materials, Vol.10, No.12, pp. 3243-3262, 2022, DOI:10.32604/jrm.2022.022171
(This article belongs to this Special Issue:
Bio-Composite Materials and Structures-2021)
Abstract The use of fibre-reinforced polymer (FRP) to confine concrete columns improves the strength and ductility of the
columns by reducing passive lateral confinement pressure. Many numerical and analytical formulations have been
proposed in the literature to describe the compressive behaviour of FRP confined concrete under both monotonic
and cyclic loads. However, the effect of a stress/strain level in the columns has not been well defined because of the
lack of well-defined strategies of modelling and oversimplification of the model. This paper reviews the existing
FRP combinations and the available numerical and analytical methods to determine the effectiveness of the
adopted…
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Open Access
ARTICLE
Exploration of Waterproofness of Concrete and Alkali-Aggregate Using Hydrophobic Impregnation and Coating
Shun Kang, Xun Yuan, Changwu Liu, Yulin Chen, Xianliang Zhou, Haikuan Wu, Zhiguo Ma
Journal of Renewable Materials, Vol.10, No.12, pp. 3521-3538, 2022, DOI:10.32604/jrm.2022.021694
(This article belongs to this Special Issue:
Bio-Composite Materials and Structures-2021)
Abstract Part of the tunnel spoil can not be used for concrete due to alkali-aggregate reaction (AAR). Water is an indispensable condition for AAR, so separating the alkali-aggregate from water is of great benefit to controlling the
AAR. This paper investigates the modification of concrete and aggregate by hydrophobic impregnation and
organic coating and then evaluates their waterproof and mechanical properties by dynamic contact angle
(DCA), ultrasonic wave velocity, scanning electron microscope (SEM), nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR),
and so on. For waterproofness, hydrophobic impregnation and organic coating can both improve the waterproofness of concrete and aggregate. The organic coating is suitable…
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Open Access
ARTICLE
Research on Dynamic and Static Test Methods for Evaluating the Poisson’s Ratio of Oriented Strand Board
Yuhao Zhou, Yuhang He, Zhaoyu Shen, Zheng Wang
Journal of Renewable Materials, Vol.10, No.12, pp. 3459-3476, 2022, DOI:10.32604/jrm.2022.021251
(This article belongs to this Special Issue:
Bio-Composite Materials and Structures-2021)
Abstract In this article, dynamic method and static method of testing Poisson’s ratio of OSB (Oriented Strand Board) were
proposed. Through modal and static numerical analyses, the position where the transverse stress is equal to zero
was determined. The binary linear regression method was applied to express the gluing position of the strain
gauge as a relational expression that depended on the length-width ratio and width-thickness ratio of the cantilever plate. Then the longitudinal and transverse Poisson’s ratios of OSB were measured by the given dynamic and
static methods. In addition, the test results of OSB Poisson’s ratio were analyzed with…
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Open Access
ARTICLE
Comparative Study on the Properties of Inorganic Silicate and Organic Phenolic Prepolymer Modified Poplar Wood by Vacuum Cycle Pressurization
Pengfei Guan, Ping Li, Yiqiang Wu, Xingong Li, Guangming Yuan, Yingfeng Zuo
Journal of Renewable Materials, Vol.10, No.9, pp. 2451-2463, 2022, DOI:10.32604/jrm.2022.020459
(This article belongs to this Special Issue:
Bio-Composite Materials and Structures-2021)
Abstract To enhance mechanical properties and improve flame retardancy and smoke suppression of fast-growing poplar
wood in wood applications, the wood was impregnated and modified. An organic phenolic prepolymer and inorganic sodium silicate was used as contrasting impregnation modifiers and wood samples were impregnated by a
bionic “respiration” method with alternating positive and negative pressure. The weight percentage gain, density
increase ratio, mechanical properties (bending and compressive strength and hardness), and water absorption rate
of inorganic and organic-impregnated modified poplar wood (IIMPW and OIMPW, respectively) were compared
and these properties in IIMPW were found to be higher than those of OIMPW…
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Open Access
ARTICLE
Study on the Tangential Tensile Mechanical Properties of Moso Bamboo
Biqing Shu, Lu Hong, Suxia Li, Yupeng Tao, Jianxin Cui, Naiqiang Fu, Junbao Yu, Chen Li, Xiaoning Lu
Journal of Renewable Materials, Vol.10, No.8, pp. 2203-2216, 2022, DOI:10.32604/jrm.2022.019882
(This article belongs to this Special Issue:
Bio-Composite Materials and Structures-2021)
Abstract In this work, we used tensile tests to analyze the tangential failure forms of raw bamboo and determine a relationship between tangential tensile strength, elastic modulus, position, density, and moisture content. We found that
the tangential mechanical properties of the culm wall were mainly dependent on the mechanical properties of the
basic structure of the thin wall. Formulas for calculating the tangential tensile strength of moso bamboo and
adjusting the moisture content were also determined. The tangential tensile strength and the tangential tensile
modulus of elasticity (TTMOE) followed: outer > middle > inner, and diaphragm > bamboo node > culm…
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Open Access
REVIEW
A Review on Strengthening of Timber Beams Using Fiber Reinforced Polymers
Bingyu Jian, Ke Cheng, Haitao Li, Mahmud Ashraf, Xiaoyan Zheng, Assima Dauletbek, Mahdi Hosseini, Rodolfo Lorenzo, Ileana Corbi, Ottavia Corbi, Kun Zhou
Journal of Renewable Materials, Vol.10, No.8, pp. 2073-2098, 2022, DOI:10.32604/jrm.2022.021983
(This article belongs to this Special Issue:
Bio-Composite Materials and Structures-2021)
Abstract Fiber reinforced polymer (FRP) has been used in the construction industry because of its advantages such as high
strength, light weight, corrosion resistance, low density and high elasticity. This paper presents a review of bonding techniques adopted to strengthen timber beams using FRP to achieve larger spans. Different methods of
bonding between FRP and timber beams have been summarized with a focus on the influencing factors and their
effects as well as relevant bond-slip models proposed for fundamental understanding. Experimental investigations
to evaluate the flexural performance of timber beams strengthened by FRP bars, sheets and wraps have also been
critically…
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Graphic Abstract
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Open Access
REVIEW
Properties and Applications of Bamboo Fiber–A Current-State-of-the Art
Chen Chen, Haitao Li, Assima Dauletbek, Feng Shen, David Hui, Milan Gaff, Rodolfo Lorenzo, Ileana Corbi, Ottavia Corbi, Mahmud Ashraf
Journal of Renewable Materials, Vol.10, No.3, pp. 605-624, 2022, DOI:10.32604/jrm.2022.018685
(This article belongs to this Special Issue:
Bio-Composite Materials and Structures-2021)
Abstract Fibers are used in many forms in engineering applications–one of the most common being used as
reinforcement. Due to its renewable short natural growth cycle and abundance of bamboo resources,
bamboo fiber has attracted attention over other natural fibers. Bamboo fiber has a complex natural
structure but offers excellent mechanical properties, which are utilized in the textile, papermaking,
construction, and composites industry. However, bamboo fibers can easily absorb moisture and are prone
to corrosion limiting their use in engineering applications. Therefore, a better understanding of bamboo
fiber is particularly important. This paper reviews all existing research on the mechanical characterization…
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Open Access
ARTICLE
Acoustic Emission Characteristics of Different Bamboo and Wood Materials in Bending Failure Process
Ting Wang, Zhiqiang Wang, Yin Yang, Jianhui Zhou
Journal of Renewable Materials, Vol.10, No.2, pp. 527-540, 2022, DOI:10.32604/jrm.2022.017955
(This article belongs to this Special Issue:
Bio-Composite Materials and Structures-2021)
Abstract The acoustic emission (AE) technique can perform non-destructive monitoring of the internal damage development of bamboo and wood materials. In this experiment, the mechanical properties of different bamboo and wood (bamboo scrimber, bamboo plywood and SPF (Spruce-pine-fir) dimension lumber) during four-point loading tests were compared. The AE activities caused by loadings were investigated through the single parameter analysis and K-means cluster analysis. Results showed that the bending strength of bamboo scrimber was 3.6 times that of bamboo plywood and 2.7 times that of SPF dimension lumber, respectively. Due to the high strength and toughness of bamboo, the AE signals of…
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Graphic Abstract
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Open Access
REVIEW
A Review of Basic Mechanical Behavior of Laminated Bamboo Lumber
Assima Dauletbek, Haitao Li, Rodolfo Lorenzo, Ileana Corbi, Ottavia Corbi, Mahmud Ashraf
Journal of Renewable Materials, Vol.10, No.2, pp. 273-300, 2022, DOI:10.32604/jrm.2022.017805
(This article belongs to this Special Issue:
Bio-Composite Materials and Structures-2021)
Abstract Over the past decade, the physical and mechanical performances of laminated bamboo lumber (LBL)–a bamboo-based structural material, have been extensively studied using experimental, analytical, and numerical approaches. This paper presents a review of existing knowledge in the literature about the mechanical properties of LBL. The paper involved the review of the response of LBL to different types of loading such as tension, bending, compression, and shear. Based on results of the literature reviewed, the strength of LBL parallel to grain was 90–124 MPa with MOE of 10700 MPa in tension, 29.55–72.60 MPa, and MOE of 8396–11022 MPa in compression, 63.87–128.4 MPa, and MOE of 8320–10912 MPa…
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