Open Access

ARTICLE

Caojin Zhang^1,#, Haibo Hu^2,#, Gangcheng Zhang^3,#, Qiguang Wang⁴, Xiaobin Chen⁵, Yingzhang Cheng⁶, Qunshan Shen⁷, Jie Yuan⁸, Wenqi Zhang⁹, Yuanshi Li¹⁰, Xuan Zheng³, Xiangbin Pan^2,*, Professional Committee of National Quality Management and Control Center for Structural Heart Diseases, Professional Committee of Structural Heart Diseases of the National Cardiovascular Disease Expert Committee
Congenital Heart Disease, Vol.20, No.4, pp. 403-420, 2025, DOI:10.32604/chd.2025.071050 - 18 September 2025
Abstract Compared with traditional nickel-titanium alloy patent foramen ovale occluders, which are widely used in clinical practice, biodegradable patent foramen ovale occluders have obvious differences in material characteristics, interventional operation mode and postoperative management strategy. This article gives expert consensus on the selection of clinical indications and standardized operating procedures, so as to standardize the clinical application of biodegradable patent foramen ovale occluders. More >

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ARTICLE

Jae Sung Son¹, Soo-Jin Kim^2,*
Congenital Heart Disease, Vol.20, No.4, pp. 421-440, 2025, DOI:10.32604/chd.2025.070250 - 18 September 2025
Abstract Background: Advancements in diagnostic tools, surgical techniques, and long-term management have significantly improved survival among individuals with congenital heart disease (CHD), leading to an evolving epidemiologic profile characterized by increasing procedural complexity and a growing adult CHD population. This study aimed to examine nationwide trends in CHD surgeries over a 17-year period, with a focus on temporal shifts in surgical volume, procedural complexity, and age-specific incidence. Methods: A total of 41,608 CHD surgeries and 85,417 surgical procedures performed between 2002 and 2018 were identified from a nationwide health insurance database. Temporal trends were evaluated using segmented… More >

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LETTER

Edo Bedzra^1,2,*, Herra Javed^3,4, James E. O’Brien^1,2, Taufiek Konrad Rajab^3,4
Congenital Heart Disease, Vol.20, No.4, pp. 441-446, 2025, DOI:10.32604/chd.2025.071035 - 18 September 2025
（This article belongs to the Special Issue: Novel Methods and Techniques for the Management of Congenital Heart Disease)
Abstract A bicuspid aortic valve, from autologous tissue, with growth potential can be constructed using the simple, and reproducible telescoping arterial trunk technique. More >

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COMMENTARY

Runzhang Liang^1,2, Haiyun Yuan^1,2, Shusheng Wen^1,2,*
Congenital Heart Disease, Vol.20, No.4, pp. 447-449, 2025, DOI:10.32604/chd.2025.067838 - 18 September 2025
Abstract This article has no abstract. More >

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ARTICLE

Kentaro Kogawa^1,2,*, Reiji Ito², Daishi Hirano², Kenji Hoshino^1,2
Congenital Heart Disease, Vol.20, No.4, pp. 451-461, 2025, DOI:10.32604/chd.2025.068006 - 18 September 2025
（This article belongs to the Special Issue: Novel Methods and Techniques for the Management of Congenital Heart Disease)
Abstract Objective: To investigate the usefulness of the descending aortic retrograde flow area to forward flow area (dAO RF) ratio using echocardiography in managing pulmonary blood flow during the perioperative period following Blalock-Thomas-Taussig shunt (BTTS) surgery. Methods: This retrospective study analyzed patient characteristics, surgical procedures, and perioperative courses. The dAO RF ratio was measured upon admission to the pediatric intensive care unit (PICU) and 12, 24, 48, and 72 h post-surgery. Blood pressure, percutaneous oxygen saturation, arterial blood gas values, and lactate levels were measured at the same time as the dAO RF ratio. Results: Seventy-one cases were… More >

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ARTICLE

Yifan Li^1,#, Xu Huang^2,#, Bingyu Ma³, Ling Sun¹, Shushui Wang¹, Zhiwei Zhang¹, Yumei Xie^1,*
Congenital Heart Disease, Vol.20, No.4, pp. 463-475, 2025, DOI:10.32604/chd.2025.068286 - 18 September 2025
Abstract Objective: The aim of the present study was to investigate long-term efficacy and safety of percutaneous stent implantation for residual pulmonary artery stenosis (PAS) in pediatric patients after surgical repair of complicated congenital heart diseases (CHDs). Methods: All pediatric patients diagnosed with residual PAS after surgical repair of complicated CHDs between 1996 and 2020 were retrospectively enrolled in the study. Results: A total of 41 patients (30 males, 11 females; median age 5.0 years, median weight 17 kg) were followed-up for a median of 7.1 years. Follow-up echocardiography results demonstrated that the target vessel diameter increased from… More >

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ARTICLE

Divya Arivalagan, Vignesh Ochathevan^*, Rubankumar Dhanasekaran
Congenital Heart Disease, Vol.20, No.4, pp. 477-501, 2025, DOI:10.32604/chd.2025.070372 - 18 September 2025
Abstract Background: The accurate identification of cardiac abnormalities is essential for proper diagnosis and effective treatment of cardiovascular diseases. Method: This work introduces an advanced methodology for detecting cardiac abnormalities and estimating electrocardiographic age (ECG Age) using sophisticated signal processing and deep learning techniques. This study looks at six main heart conditions found in 12-lead electrocardiogram (ECG) data. It addresses important issues like class imbalances, missing lead scenarios, and model generalizations. A modified residual neural network (ResNet) architecture was developed to enhance the detection of cardiac abnormalities. Results: The proposed ResNet demonst rated superior performance when compared with… More >

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ARTICLE

Hande İştar^1,#,*, Buğra Harmandar¹, Melike Korkmaz Toker², Fulden Cantaş Türkiş³
Congenital Heart Disease, Vol.20, No.4, pp. 503-517, 2025, DOI:10.32604/chd.2025.068540 - 18 September 2025
（This article belongs to the Special Issue: Novel Insights into Congenital Heart Disease: Pathophysiology, Biomarkers, and Future Directions)
Abstract Background: The neutrophil–lymphocyte ratio (NLR) is a simple, cost-effective marker of systemic inflammation. This study aims to evaluate the association between perioperative NLR and postoperative outcomes in pediatric patients undergoing congenital heart surgery with cardiopulmonary bypass (CPB). Methods: We retrospectively reviewed 70 patients under 18 years of age who underwent surgery between 2018 and 2023. NLR was measured preoperatively and on postoperative days (POD) 0, 1, 2, 3, and 6. Receiver operating characteristic analysis identified optimal cutoffs, and associations with postoperative outcomes were assessed. Results: The preoperative NLR cutoff of 1.14 (AUC = 0.75) was associated with More >

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ARTICLE

Hui Yi^1,2,#, Hongjian Shi^2,3,#, Fuquan Kan^2,4,#, Fan Han², Lei Wan⁵, Xiaoyang Hong¹, Zhe Zhao¹, Junjie Shao², Gang Wang¹, Hui Wang¹, Hua Yan⁵, Xiujuan Shi¹, Ran Zhang^2,6,*, Gengxu Zhou^1,*
Congenital Heart Disease, Vol.20, No.4, pp. 519-530, 2025, DOI:10.32604/chd.2025.067164 - 18 September 2025
Abstract Background: To investigate the impact of preoperative extracorporeal membrane oxygenation (ECMO) on clinical outcomes in pediatric heart transplantation (PHT). Methods: This retrospective cohort analysis was conducted on 19 pediatric heart transplant recipients, divided into two groups: ECMO and non-ECMO, based on whether preoperative ECMO was utilized. We evaluated the patients’ surgical conditions, postoperative complications, and survival rates. Additionally, the analysis focused on the differences and correlations in clinical characteristics, inflammatory markers, and long-term survival outcomes. Results: There was no statistically significant difference in perioperative survival rates between the ECMO group (85.7%) and the non-ECMO group (83.3%). However,… More >

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CASE REPORT

Emrah Şişli^1,*, Pelin Köşger²
Congenital Heart Disease, Vol.20, No.4, pp. 531-537, 2025, DOI:10.32604/chd.2025.067271 - 18 September 2025
（This article belongs to the Special Issue: Novel Methods and Techniques for the Management of Congenital Heart Disease)
Abstract Residual atrioventricular valve regurgitation after correction of complete atrioventricular septal defect (cAVSD) is still not ideal. As a modification of the double-patch method, our technique comprises a suture-bite-wide strip of a third patch that is incorporated to the upper margin of the left side of the ventricular septal defect (VSD) patch. This third patch counteracts not only the valvular tissue loss caused by the suture bites but also the rightward displacement of the VSD patch in a bulged fashion that occurs with increased left ventricular pressure after weaning from cardiopulmonary bypass. This unfavorable outcome was More >

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